Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly in Weyl semi-metals: Application to Pyrochlore Iridates

Weyl semimetals are three dimensional analogs of graphene where the energy of the excitations are a linear function of their momentum. Pyrochlore Iridates $(A_{2}Ir_{2}O_{7})$ with A =yttrium or lanthanide element) are conjectured to be examples of such a system, with the low energy physics described by twenty four Weyl nodes. An intriguing possibility is that these materials provide a physical realization of the Adler-Bell-Jackiw anomaly. In this letter we investigate the properties of pyrochlore iridates in an applied magnetic field. We find that the dispersion of the lowest landau level depends on the direction of the applied magnetic field. As a consequence the magneto-conductivity in an electric field, applied parallel to the magnetic field is highly anisotropic, providing a detectable signature of the semi-metallic state.Comment: Replaced with published versio

Re-visiting the One-Time Pad

In 1949, Shannon proved the perfect secrecy of the Vernam cryptographic system,also popularly known as the One-Time Pad (OTP). Since then, it has been believed that the perfectly random and uncompressible OTP which is transmitted needs to have a length equal to the message length for this result to be true. In this paper, we prove that the length of the transmitted OTP which actually contains useful information need not be compromised and could be less than the message length without sacrificing perfect secrecy. We also provide a new interpretation for the OTP encryption by treating the message bits as making True/False statements about the pad, which we define as a private-object. We introduce the paradigm of private-object cryptography where messages are transmitted by verifying statements about a secret-object. We conclude by suggesting the use of Formal Axiomatic Systems for investing N bits of secret.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publication to IndoCrypt 2005 conferenc

A Comparative study of Blood Glucose Levels in Neonates in Sick Neonatal Care Unit using Glucometer and Laboratory Glucose Oxidase Method in Government Rajah Mirasdar Hospital, Thanjavur

BACKGROUND: Hypoglycaemia is one of the most common metabolic problems seen in neonatal intensive care unit. The symptoms of hypoglycaemia in neonates are subtle. There is increased risk of neuromotor disability and intellectual disability among the survivors of symptomatic hypoglycaemia. Hence for early detection and treatment of hypoglycemia a reliable device is needed. In the laboratory, the blood glucose estimation is done using glucose oxidase method which is specific and precise for the estimation of glucose but the results are not immediately available. So glucose estimation is done using glucometer in the neonatal intensive care unit for immediate results. Blood glucose estimated by glucometers correlates well with the laboratory values only in euglycemic and hyperglycemic states but it is less often useful in the hypoglycaemic range according to many studies. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To estimate the blood glucose levels in sick newborn infants. 2. To estimate the validate of the glucometer for detection of blood glucose levels in detecting hypoglycaemia. METHODS: 200 neonates admitted in NICU, Government Rajah Mirasdar Hospital, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur during a period of 6 months from January 2016 to July 2016. The glucose oxidase peroxidase method is done in the laboratory using venous sample. The blood glucose estimation was done by capillary and venous method using glucometer. Pearson correlation was used for statistical analysis. Hypoglycaemia is defined as the blood glucose level below 40mg/dl 3. The glucose oxidase peroxidase method is the gold standard based on which the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value was calculated. RESULTS: In our study, of the 200 cases, 31 cases (15.5%) were hypoglycaemic, 164 (82%) cases were euglycemic and 5 cases (2.5%) were hyperglycemic by laboratory glucose oxidase peroxidase method, which is taken as the gold standard. Capillary Blood glucose estimation using glucometer detected 23 cases (74.2%) of hypoglycaemia, 156 cases (95.1%) of euglycemiaand 5 cases (100%) of hyperglycemia in comparison with laboratory glucose oxidase peroxidase method. Venous blood glucose estimation using glucometer detected 29 cases (93.5%) of hypoglycaemic, 158 cases (96.3%) of euglycemia and 3 cases (60%) of hyperglycemia in comparison with laboratory glucose oxidase peroxidase method. Estimation of capillary blood glucose by glucometer was found to have a sensitivity of 74.19%, specificity of 98.2%, positive predictive value of 88.4% negative predictive value of 95.4% and accuracy of 94.5% with statistically significant P value < 0.05. Estimation of venous blood glucose using glucometer was found to have a sensitivity of 93.55%, specificity of 98.23 %, positive predictive value of 90.62% negative predictive value of 98.8% and accuracy of 97.5% with statistically significant P value < 0.05. CONCLUSION: 1. Estimation of blood glucose using capillary and venous blood using glucometer have strong correlation with laboratory oxidase peroxidase method in detecting neonatal hypoglycaemia. 2. The sensitivity of detecting neonatal hypoglycemia by glucometer using venous blood is higher than capillary blood

Bulk and surface transitions in asymmetric simple exclusion process: Impact on boundary layers

In this paper, we study boundary-induced phase transitions in a particle non-conserving asymmetric simple exclusion process with open boundaries. Using boundary layer analysis, we show that the key signatures of various bulk phase transitions are present in the boundary layers of the density profiles. In addition, we also find possibilities of surface transitions in the low- and high- density phases. The surface transition in the low-density phase provides a more complete description of the non-equilibrium critical point found in this system.Comment: 9 pages including figure

A comprehensive study of electric, thermoelectric and thermal conductivities of Graphene with short range unitary and charged impurities

Motivated by the experimental measurement of electrical and hall conductivity, thermopower and Nernst effect, we calculate the longitudinal and transverse electrical and heat transport in graphene in the presence of unitary scatterers as well as charged impurities. The temperature and carrier density dependence in this system display a number of anomalous features that arise due to the relativistic nature of the low energy fermionic degrees of freedom. We derive the properties in detail including the effect of unitary and charged impurities self-consistently, and present tables giving the analytic expressions for all the transport properties in the limit of small and large temperature compared to the chemical potential and the scattering rates. We compare our results with the available experimental data. While the qualitative variations with temperature and density of carriers or chemical potential of all transport properties can be reproduced, we find that a given set of parameters of the impurities fits the Hall conductivity, Thermopower and the Nernst effect quantitatively but cannot fit the conductivity quantitatively. On the other hand a single set of parameters for scattering from Coulomb impurities fits conductivity, hall resistance and thermopower but not Nernst

Strange nonchaotic stars

The unprecedented light curves of the Kepler space telescope document how the brightness of some stars pulsates at primary and secondary frequencies whose ratios are near the golden mean, the most irrational number. A nonlinear dynamical system driven by an irrational ratio of frequencies generically exhibits a strange but nonchaotic attractor. For Kepler's "golden" stars, we present evidence of the first observation of strange nonchaotic dynamics in nature outside the laboratory. This discovery could aid the classification and detailed modeling of variable stars.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review Letter

The enhancement of the aqueous solubility of ritonavir via formulation of a drug-phospholipid complex

Objective: To evaluate the enhancement of aqueous solubility of a poorly water soluble drug ritonavir by forming its complex with a phospholipid (Phospholipon®90H)

Selectively embedding multiple spatially steered fibers in polymer composite parts made using vat photopolymerization

Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite (FRPC) parts are mostly made as laminates, shells, or surfaces wound with 2D fiber patterns even after the emergence of additive manufacturing. Making FRPC parts with embedded continuous fibers in 3D is not reported previously even though topology optimization shows that such designs are optimal. Earlier attempts in 3D fiber reinforcement have demonstrated additively manufactured parts with channels into which fibers are inserted. In this paper, we present 3D printing techniques along with a printer developed for printing parts with continuous fibers that are spatially embedded inside the matrix using a variant of vat photopolymerization. Multiple continuous fibers are gradually steered as the part is built layer upon layer instead of placing them inside channels made in the part. We show examples of spatial fiber patterns and geometries built using the 3D printing techniques developed in this work. We also test the parts for strength and illustrate the importance of spatially embedding fibers in specific patterns.Comment: 9 pages and 8 figure