548 research outputs found
Electromagnetic Force in Dispersive and Transparent Media
A hydrodynamic-type, macroscopic theory was set up recently to simultaneously
account for dissipation and dispersion of electromagnetic field, in
nonstationary condensed systems of nonlinear constitutive relations~\cite{JL}.
Since it was published in the letter format, some algebra and the more subtle
reasonings had to be left out. Two of the missing parts are presented in this
paper: How algebraically the new results reduce to the known old ones; and more
thoughts on the range of validity of the new theory, especially concerning the
treatment of dissipation.Comment: 10 pages, 0 figur
A helical-shape scintillating fiber trigger and tracker system for the DarkLight experiment and beyond
The search for new physics beyond the Standard Model has interesting
possibilities at low energies. For example, the recent 6.8 anomaly
reported in the invariant mass of pairs from nuclear
transitions and the discrepancy between predicted and measured values of muon
g-2 give strong motivations for a protophobic fifth-force model. At low
energies, the electromagnetic interaction is well understood and produces
straightforward final states, making it an excellent probe of such models.
However, to achieve the required precision, an experiment must address the
substantially higher rate of electromagnetic backgrounds. In this paper, we
present the results of simulation studies of a trigger system, motivated by the
DarkLight experiment, using helical-shape scintillating fibers in a solenoidal
magnetic field to veto electron-proton elastic scattering and the associated
radiative processes. We also assess the performance of a tracking detector for
lepton final states using scintillating fibers in the same setup
Ultrasonic Flaw Detection and Imaging through Reverberant Layers via Subspace Analysis and Projection
Furfuryl Alcohol Emulsion Resins as Co-Binders for Urea-Formaldehyde Resin-Bonded Particleboards
An approach to using water-insoluble furfuryl alcohol (FA) resins as a co-binder for particleboard (PB) urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins was evaluated. Sprayable FA/UF mixed resins were made by emulsifying FA resins of varying advancements and mixing with various formaldehyde to urea (F/U) ratio UF resins in various proportions. The binder performance of the mixed FA/UF resins was then evaluated by bonding laboratory PBs using a weakly acidic ordinary UF resin curing catalyst at various hot pressing temperatures. The PBs were also heat-treated and were aged for two years at room temperature. The test results of bond strengths and formaldehyde emission levels of PBs showed promising improvements at about 30% FA resin additions, although the results were preliminary due to the variable performance nature of such binder systems
Rotating Superconductors and the London Moment: Thermodynamics versus Microscopics
Comparing various microscopic theories of rotating superconductors to the
conclusions of thermodynamic considerations, we traced their marked difference
to the question of how some thermodynamic quantities (the electrostatic and
chemical potentials) are related to more microscopic ones: The electron's the
work function, mean-field potential and Fermi energy -- certainly a question of
general import.
After the correct identification is established, the relativistic correction
for the London Moment is shown to vanish, with the obvious contribution from
the Fermi velocity being compensated by other contributions such as
electrostatics and interactions.Comment: 23 pages 4 fi
A macroscopic multifractal analysis of parabolic stochastic PDEs
It is generally argued that the solution to a stochastic PDE with
multiplicative noise---such as , where denotes
space-time white noise---routinely produces exceptionally-large peaks that are
"macroscopically multifractal." See, for example, Gibbon and Doering (2005),
Gibbon and Titi (2005), and Zimmermann et al (2000). A few years ago, we proved
that the spatial peaks of the solution to the mentioned stochastic PDE indeed
form a random multifractal in the macroscopic sense of Barlow and Taylor (1989;
1992). The main result of the present paper is a proof of a rigorous
formulation of the assertion that the spatio-temporal peaks of the solution
form infinitely-many different multifractals on infinitely-many different
scales, which we sometimes refer to as "stretch factors." A simpler, though
still complex, such structure is shown to also exist for the
constant-coefficient version of the said stochastic PDE.Comment: 41 page
Speckle reduction in swept source optical coherence tomography images with slow-axis averaging
The effectiveness of speckle reduction using traditional frame averaging technique was limited in ultrahigh speed optical coherence tomography (OCT). As the motion between repeated frames was very small, the speckle pattern of the frames might be identical. This problem could be solved by averaging frames acquired at slightly different locations. The optimized scan range depended on the spot size of the laser beam, the smoothness of the boundary, and the homogeneity of the tissue. In this study we presented a method to average frames obtained within a narrow range along the slow-axis. A swept-source OCT with 100,000 Hz axial scan rate was used to scan the retina in vivo. A series of narrow raster scans (0-50 micron along the slow axis) were evaluated. Each scan contained 20 image frames evenly distributed in the scan range. The imaging frame rate was 417 HZ. Only frames with high correlation after rigid registration were used in averaging. The result showed that the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) increased with the scan range. But the best edge reservation was obtained with 15 micron scan range. Thus, for ultrahigh speed OCT systems, averaging frames from a narrow band along the slow-axis could achieve better speckle reduction than traditional frame averaging techniques
- …