67 research outputs found
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Do RARA/PML fusion gene deletions confer resistance to ATRA-based therapy in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia?
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the translocation t(15;17)(q22;q21), resulting in the promyelocytic leukemia (PML)-retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) fusion protein in 95% cases whereas variant translocations involving PLZF (11q23), NPM (5q35), NUMA (11q13) and STAT5b (17q23) account for the rest. Leukemias with PML-RARA translocations respond well to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic trioxide (ATO) therapy whereas those with PLZF-RARA fusions respond poorly. Although primary resistance to ATRA is rare, secondary or acquired resistance is frequently observed in patients treated with ATRA alone or in combination with other chemotherapy regimens. However, molecular abnormalities mediating resistance to ATRA therapy are underexplored. Here, we report two cases of APL with RARA-PML deletions on der(17) or der(15), which displayed clinical evidence of primary and secondary resistance to therapy, respectively
Biomass-derived carbonâsilicon composites (C@Si) as anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries: A promising strategy towards long-term cycling stability: A mini review
The global need for high energy density and performing rechargeable batteries has led to the development of high-capacity silicon-based anode materials to meet the energy demands imposed to electrify plug-in vehicles to curtail carbon emissions by 2035. Unfortunately, the high theoretical capacity (4200 mA h gâ1) of silicon by (de-)alloy mechanism is limited by its severe volume changes (ÎV ⌠200% â 400%) during cycling for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), while for sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) remain uncertain, and hence, compositing with carbons (C@Si) represent a promising strategy to enable the aforementioned practical application. The present review outlines the recent progress of biomass-derived Si-carbon composite (C@Si) anodes for LIBs and NIBs. In this perspective, we present different types of biomass precursors, silicon sources, and compositing strategies, and how these impact on the C@Si physicochemical properties and their electrochemical performance are discussed
Unified functional network and nonlinear time series analysis for complex systems science: The pyunicorn package
We introduce the \texttt{pyunicorn} (Pythonic unified complex network and
recurrence analysis toolbox) open source software package for applying and
combining modern methods of data analysis and modeling from complex network
theory and nonlinear time series analysis. \texttt{pyunicorn} is a fully
object-oriented and easily parallelizable package written in the language
Python. It allows for the construction of functional networks such as climate
networks in climatology or functional brain networks in neuroscience
representing the structure of statistical interrelationships in large data sets
of time series and, subsequently, investigating this structure using advanced
methods of complex network theory such as measures and models for spatial
networks, networks of interacting networks, node-weighted statistics or network
surrogates. Additionally, \texttt{pyunicorn} provides insights into the
nonlinear dynamics of complex systems as recorded in uni- and multivariate time
series from a non-traditional perspective by means of recurrence quantification
analysis (RQA), recurrence networks, visibility graphs and construction of
surrogate time series. The range of possible applications of the library is
outlined, drawing on several examples mainly from the field of climatology.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figure
Recurrent gross mutations of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in breast cancers with deficient DSB repair
Basal-like breast cancer (BBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis. Inherited mutations of BRCA1, a cancer susceptibility gene involved in double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair, lead to breast cancers that are nearly always of the BBC subtype; however, the precise molecular lesions and oncogenic consequences of BRCA1 dysfunction are poorly understood. Here we show that heterozygous inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene Pten leads to the formation of basal-like mammary tumors in mice, and that loss of PTEN expression is significantly associated with the BBC subtype in human sporadic and BRCA1-associated hereditary breast cancers. In addition, we identify frequent gross PTEN mutations, involving intragenic chromosome breaks, inversions, deletions and micro copy number aberrations, specifically in BRCA1-deficient tumors. These data provide an example of a specific and recurrent oncogenic consequence of BRCA1-dependent dysfunction in DNA repair and provide insight into the pathogenesis of BBC with therapeutic implications. These findings also argue that obtaining an accurate census of genes mutated in cancer will require a systematic examination for gross gene rearrangements, particularly in tumors with deficient DSB repair
Activated microglia/macrophage whey acidic protein (AMWAP) inhibits NFÎșB signaling and induces a neuroprotective phenotype in microglia
De novo assembly and comparative analysis of root transcriptomes from different varieties of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer grown in different environments
Transcriptome and proteome profiling of adventitious root development in hybrid larch (Larix kaempferi Ă Larix olgensis)
Room temperature erosion behaviour of a precipitation hardened stainless steel
The main objective of the present investigation was to compare the room temperature erosion behaviour of precipitation hardened (PH) stainless steel in the solution-treated, aged, and overaged conditions and also to evaluate the effect of erodent size and hardness on the erosion behaviour of the steel. The erosion rates of PH stainless steel in all the three heat-treated conditions were determined over a range of impact angles and velocities and with SiC and SiO2 (of two sizes) as erodent. The heat treatment of PH stainless steel had only a marginal effect on the erosion rate irrespective of impact angle and velocity even though such a heat treatment altered the mechanical properties considerably. The erosion rate always exhibited a maximum value at an impact angle of 30° irrespective of the erosion test conditions indicating a ductile erosion response. It was also observed that the erosion rate was independent of size and hardness of the erodent. The marginal effect of material strength and ductility on the erosion rates of PH stainless steel in different heat-treated conditions were rationalized qualitatively on the basis of the localization model
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