The nature of the X(3915)/X(3930)X(3915)/X(3930) resonances from a coupled-channels approach

The positive parity $\chi_{cJ}(2P)$ charmonium states are expected to lie around the 3.9 GeV/$c^2$ energy region, according to the predictions of quark models. However, a plethora of states with difficult assignment and unconventional properties have been discovered over the years, i.e., the $X(3872)$, $X(3940)$, $Y(3940)$, $X(3915)$, $X(3860)$ and the $X(3930)$ resonances, which complicates the description of this intriguing region. In this work we analyze the $0^{++}$ and $2^{++}$ sectors, employing a coupled-channels formalism successfully applied to the $1^{++}$ sector, where the $X(3872)$ was described as a $D\bar D^\ast+h.c.$ molecule with a sizable $c\bar c$ $(2^3P_1)$ component. This coupled-channels formalism is based on a widely-used Constituent Quark Model, which describes the quark-quark interactions, and the $^3P_0$ quark pair creation mechanism, used to couple the two and four quark sectors. The recent controversy about the quantum numbers of the $X(3915)$ state, the properties of the $X(3930)$ one and the nature of the new $X(3860)$ resonance are analyzed in a unified theoretical framework, being all the parameters completely constrained from previous calculations in the low-lying heavy quarkonium phenomenology.Comment: 6 pages, 2 tables. XVII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy and Structure - Hadron201

Charmonium resonances in the 3.9 GeV/c2c^2 energy region and the X(3915)/X(3930)X(3915)/X(3930) puzzle

An interesting controversy has emerged challenging the widely accepted nature of the $X(3915)$ and the $X(3930)$ resonances, which had initially been assigned to the $\chi_{c0}(2P)$ and $\chi_{c2}(2P)$ $c\bar c$ states, respectively. To unveil their inner structure, the properties of the $J^{PC}\!\!=\!0^{++}$ and $J^{PC}\!\!=\!2^{++}$ charmonium states in the energy region of these resonances are analyzed in the framework of a constituent quark model. Together with the bare $q\bar q$ states, threshold effects due to the opening of nearby meson-meson channels are included in a coupled-channels scheme calculation. We find that the structure of both states is dominantly molecular with a probability of bare $q\bar q$ states lower than $45\%$. Our results favor the hypothesis that $X(3915)$ and $X(3930)$ resonances arise as different decay mechanisms of the same $J^{PC}\!\!=\!2^{++}$ state. Moreover we found an explanation for the recently discovered $M=3860$ MeV$/c^2$ as a $J^{PC}\!\!=\!0^{++}$ $2P$ state and rediscovery the lost $Y(3940)$ as an additional state in the $J^{PC}\!\!=\!0^{++}$ family.Comment: 6 pages, 3 table

Molecular components in P-wave charmed-strange mesons

Results obtained by various experiments show that the $D_{s0}^{\ast}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ mesons are very narrow states located below the $DK$ and $D^{\ast}K$ thresholds, respectively. This is markedly in contrast with the expectations of naive quark models and heavy quark symmetry. Motivated by a recent lattice study which addresses the mass shifts of the $c\bar{s}$ ground states with quantum numbers $J^{P}=0^{+}$ ($D_{s0}^{\ast}(2317)$) and $J^{P}=1^{+}$ ($D_{s1}(2460)$) due to their coupling with $S$-wave $D^{(\ast)}K$ thresholds, we perform a similar analysis within a nonrelativistic constituent quark model in which quark-antiquark and meson-meson degrees of freedom are incorporated. The quark model has been applied to a wide range of hadronic observables and thus the model parameters are completely constrained. The coupling between quark-antiquark and meson-meson Fock components is done using a $^{3}P_{0}$ model in which its only free parameter $\gamma$ has been elucidated performing a global fit to the decay widths of mesons that belong to different quark sectors, from light to heavy. We observe that the coupling of the $0^{+}$ $(1^{+})$ meson sector to the $DK$ $(D^{\ast}K)$ threshold is the key feature to simultaneously lower the masses of the corresponding $D_{s0}^{\ast}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ states predicted by the naive quark model and describe the $D_{s1}(2536)$ meson as the $1^{+}$ state of the $j_{q}^{P}=3/2^{+}$ doublet predicted by heavy quark symmetry, reproducing its strong decay properties. Our calculation allows to introduce the coupling with the $D$-wave $D^{\ast}K$ channel and the computation of the probabilities associated with the different Fock components of the physical state.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, 7 table

Shaping plasmon beams via the controlled illumination of finite-size plasmonic crystals

Plasmonic crystals provide many passive and active optical functionalities, including enhanced sensing, optical nonlinearities, light extraction from LEDs and coupling to and from subwavelength waveguides. Here we study, both experimentally and numerically, the coherent control of SPP beam excitation in finite size plasmonic crystals under focussed illumination. The correct combination of the illuminating spot size, its position relative to the plasmonic crystal, wavelength and polarisation enables the efficient shaping and directionality of SPP beam launching. We show that under strongly focussed illumination, the illuminated part of the crystal acts as an antenna, launching surface plasmon waves which are subsequently filtered by the surrounding periodic lattice. Changing the illumination conditions provides rich opportunities to engineer the SPP emission pattern. This offers an alternative technique to actively modulate and control plasmonic signals, either via micro- and nano-electromechanical switches or with electro- and all-optical beam steering which have direct implications for the development of new integrated nanophotonic devices, such as plasmonic couplers and switches and on-chip signal demultiplexing. This approach can be generalised to all kinds of surface waves, either for the coupling and discrimination of light in planar dielectric waveguides or the generation and control of non-diffractive SPP beams

Heavy mesons in the Quark Model

Since the discovery of the $J/\psi$, the quark model was very successful in describing the spectrum and properties of heavy mesons including only $q\bar q$ components. However since 2003, with the discovery of the $X(3872)$, many states that can not be accommodated on the naive quark model have been discovered, and they made unavoidable to include higher Fock components on the heavy meson states. We will give an overview of the success of the quark model for heavy mesons and point some of the states that are likely to be more complicated structures such as meson-meson molecules.Comment: Contribution to the Proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Meson Physics - MESON201

Puzzles in quarkonium hadronic transitions with two pion emission

The anomalously large rates of some hadronic transitions from quarkonium are studied using QCD multipole expansion (QCDME) in the framework of a constituent quark model which has been successful in describing hadronic phenomenology. The hybrid intermediate states needed in the QCDME method are calculated in a natural extension of our constituent quark model based on the Quark Confining String (QCS) scheme. Some of the anomalies are explained due to the presence of an hybrid state with a mass near the mass of the decaying resonance whereas other are justified by the presence of molecular components in the wave function. Some unexpected results are pointed out.Comment: Conference proceedings of the XI Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum (CONFINEMENT XI). Saint Petersburg (Russia) from 8 to 12 September 201

The X(3872) and other possible XYZXYZ molecular states

We perform a coupled channel calculation of the $DD^*$ and $c\bar c$ sectors in the framework of a constituent quark model. The interaction for the $DD^*$ states is obtained using the Resonant Group Method (RGM) and the underlying quark interaction model. The coupling with the two quark system is performed using the $^3 P_0$ model. The X(3872) is found as a molecular state with a sizable $c\bar c$ component. A comparison with Belle and BaBar data has been done, finding a good agreement. Other possible molecular molecular states are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings to the Hadron 2009 - XIII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, Florida State University (USA