A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON WORK RELATED OCULAR INJURIES FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA.

Background Work-related eye injuries are more common and severe in developing nations such as India due to the lack of emphasis on occupational health and workplace safety. Literature has revealed that work-related eye injuries make up 22% of all ocular trauma cases in their study on ocular trauma. Therefore this investigation was conducted to study epidemiological aspects of work-related eye injuries.  Method The hospital-based observational study was conducted on 362 individuals seeking treatment for work-related ocular injuries at the ophthalmology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Shahdol town, Madhya Pradesh. All the patients received a thorough clinical assessment at the ophthalmology department after capturing the relevant baseline information.  Results Of the total 362 subjects, the gender-wise majority (n=331, 91.4%) were males. Most (n=224, 61.8%) of ocular injuries were observed in the younger age group (20 to 30 years). A history of previous ocular injury was noted in 7.7% (n=28). Most (n=188, 51.9%) were reported from welding work followed by grinding work (n=54, 14.9%) as the second most common. Corneal foreign bodies were noted among 47 (13%) study subjects. Just removing protective gear with no reason (n=18, 38.3%), removing protective gear due to sweating (n=12, 25.5%) & protective gear being uncomfortable (n=10, 21.3%) were the three most common reasons cited for not using protective gears for eyes.   Conclusion The study offers an understanding of the epidemiological features of work-related ocular injuries in central India. Many of these injuries can be avoided by using suitable eye protection and receiving safety training.  Recommendations An individualized intervention program for workers with eye injuries should be implemented due to their high susceptibility to recurring injuries.

Performance Evaluation of Differential Evolution Algorithm Using CEC 2010 Test Suite Problems

Differential evolution algorithm (DE) is a novel parallel direct search evolutionary algorithm. Here we measure the performance of differential evolution algorithm on CEC 2010 test suite problems. It has found that the performance of standard differential evolution algorithm depend upon the value of decision parameters I,e parameter setting and DE require more explorative strategy during population evolution for large dimension problem

Fingerprints Indicating Superior Properties of Internal Interfaces in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin-Film Solar Cells

Growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorbers under Cu-poor conditions gives rise to incorporation of numerous defects into the bulk, whereas the same absorber grown under Cu-rich conditions leads to a stoichiometric bulk with minimum defects. This suggests that CIGS absorbers grown under Cu-rich conditions are more suitable for solar cell applications. However, the CIGS solar cell devices with record efficiencies have all been fabricated under Cu-poor conditions, despite the expectations. Therefore, in the present work, both Cu-poor and Cu-rich CIGS cells are investigated, and the superior properties of the internal interfaces of the Cu-poor CIGS cells, such as the p-n junction and grain boundaries, which always makes them the record-efficiency devices, are shown. More precisely, by employing a correlative microscopy approach, the typical fingerprints for superior properties of internal interfaces necessary for maintaining a lower recombination activity in the cell is discovered. These are a Cu-depleted and Cd-enriched CIGS absorber surface, near the p-n junction, as well as a negative Cu factor (∆β) and high Na content (>1.5 at%) at the grain boundaries. Thus, this work provides key factors governing the device performance (efficiency), which can be considered in the design of next-generation solar cells

Smooth deuterated cellulose films for the visualisation of adsorbed bio-macromolecules.

Novel thin and smooth deuterated cellulose films were synthesised to visualize adsorbed bio-macromolecules using contrast variation neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements. Incorporation of varying degrees of deuteration into cellulose was achieved by growing Gluconacetobacter xylinus in deuterated glycerol as carbon source dissolved in growth media containing D2O. The derivative of deuterated cellulose was prepared by trimethylsilylation(TMS) in ionic liquid(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride). The TMS derivative was dissolved in toluene for thin film preparation by spin-coating. The resulting film was regenerated into deuterated cellulose by exposure to acidic vapour. A common enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was adsorbed from solution onto the deuterated cellulose films and visualized by NR. The scattering length density contrast of the deuterated cellulose enabled accurate visualization and quantification of the adsorbed HRP, which would have been impossible to achieve with non-deuterated cellulose. The procedure described enables preparing deuterated cellulose films that allows differentiation of cellulose and non-deuterated bio-macromolecules using NR

Hand Gesture and Voice Assistants

Hand gesture mouse control for systems has received a lot of attention in recent years Because of its many uses and capability to efficiently connect with machines via human- computer interaction, hand gesture mouse control for systems has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Most visual hand motion detection systems can only be used in specific settings due to the effects of lighting and complicated backgrounds. Together with the quick advancement of computer vision and machine learning, the need for human- machine interaction is also rising. Despite the complicated history, the suggested methodology provides a straightforward but efficient way to perform rapid manual tracking. In addition to hand tracking and gesture detection, this system also eliminates motion blur. The detected gesture is transformed into particular functional inputs, such clicking and mouse movement, to control other programmes. The project's voice assistant feature is one of its additional features. The voice assistants can be instructed verbally or by text. Voice-based intelligent assistants need an activating word, sometimes referred to as a wake word, before the command may be given

Optimization of Multi-Energy Systems for Efficient Power-to-X Conversion

This paper reviews the work in the areas of optimization and efficiency enhancement of multi-energy systems (MES) for power-to-X conversion. The first study delves into the deployment of Power-to-Hydrogen (PtH2) within district-scale MES, emphasizing the role of PtH2 in achieving zero operational CO2 emissions, especially in systems with high renewable energy generation. The study also highlights the significance of heat pump efficiency, battery capital cost, and lifetime in influencing PtH2 implementation. The second investigation focuses on the integration of energy strategies for the transport and building sectors. It introduces a multi-objective optimization model that considers both sectors, aiming to minimize costs and life-cycle emissions. The findings suggest a potential transition from internal combustion engines to battery electric vehicles and a shift from gas boilers to heat pumps, leading to substantial emission reductions by 2050. Lastly, the third research explores the potential of power-to-gas (P2G) technology in enhancing the integration of renewable energy. By coordinating P2G with CO2-based electrothermal energy storage (ETES), the study demonstrates a significant improvement in the recovery efficiency of surplus wind power. Collectively, these studies underscore the importance of optimizing MES for sustainable and efficient energy conversion