Double chambered right ventricle with severe calcification of the tricuspid valve in an elderly woman: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Double chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which the right ventricle is divided into two chambers by an anomalous muscle bundle. The diagnosis of this disorder is difficult in adults. Calcification of the tricuspid valve is extremely rare, and very few cases have been reported. Most cases of tricuspid valve calcification had a congenital disorder with high pressure in the right ventricle.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a rare case of a 71-year-old Japanese woman who presented with chest discomfort, and was found to have a double chambered right ventricle with severe calcification of the tricuspid valve. This abnormality was found by echocardiography, and the diagnosis was confirmed by multislice cardiac computerized tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac catheterization. Our patient rejected surgical repair, and medical therapy with carvedilol was effective to reduce her symptoms.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Calcification of the tricuspid valve is extremely rare, and considered to be due to high pressure in the right ventricle. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other reported cases of this combination of double chambered right ventricle and calcification of the tricuspid valve.</p

Ανάπτυξη αυτόνομου υπό κλίμακα προτύπου SES με νόμο ελέγχου βασισμένο σε ανατροφοδότηση σήματος εικόνας

152 σ.Μελέτη συστήματος το οποίο βασίζεται στον δυναμικό εντοπισμό και έλεγχο της πορείας και θέσης σκάφους μέσω της ανάπτυξης ενός συστήματος παρακολούθησης φωτεινού στόχου που βρίσκεται στην ακτή ή σε άλλο προπορευόμενο σκάφος. Κατά συνέπεια, προτείνεται μια εικονική, οπτική γραμμή ρυμούλκησης του πλοίου, η οποία θα αντικαθιστά την υλική γραμμή ρυμούλκησης με καλώδιο.Study of system which is based on the dynamic tracking and control of heading and placing of a ship via the development of a system of beacon tracking that is found in the coast or in an other being ahead ship. Accordingly, is proposed a virtual, optical line of ship’s towage, which will replace the material line of cabled towageΝικόλαος Γ. Κουβαρά

Myxoid liposarcoma with cartilaginous differentiation: A case study with fish analysis and review of the literature

Cartilaginous differentiation is rarely encountered in myxoid liposarcomas. To date, a small number of such cases have been described, and molecular or cytogenetic analysis was performed only in few of them. In the present study, we describe a primary myxoid liposarcoma with cartilaginous differentiation which arised in the left thigh of a 37-year-old man. Miscroscopically, the tumor consisted of areas with typical myxoid liposarcoma morphology and areas of sharply demarcated hyaline cartilage nodules. Here, we present the results of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis that revealed the presence of FUS and DDIT3 gene rearrangements in both the liposarcomatous and cartilaginous components of the tumor. These findings confirm the neoplastic nature of the cartilage component in this rare tumor. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH

Smad4 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition proteins in colorectal carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in cancer metastasis. During EMT, tumor cells acquire the capacity to migrate and invade the stroma. Activation of the transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) signaling pathway is of major importance for the initiation of EMT. Smad4, an essential protein of this pathway, is known to complex with multiple transcription factors (e.g. Snail-1, Slug, Twist-1), in various types of cancer, promoting the repression or activation of target genes. The role of Smad4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not straightforward so far. In the present study forty eight resected CRC tumor specimens were immunohistochemically examined in order to assess the expression of Smad4 and its association with E-cadherin, Snail-1, Slug, Twist-1 protein expression and with various pathological parameters. Smad4 was found to be positively correlated with Snail-1, Slug and Twist-1 expression (p < 0.001). On the other hand it was negatively correlated with the expression of E-cadherin (p < 0.001). Furthermore, lymphatic invasion could be clearly associated with Smad4 expression, a finding complying with the metastatic ability of EMT cells. In conclusion, Smad4 could be considered as a central component of EMT transition in human colorectal cancer that combines with transcriptional factors to reduce E-cadherin and alter the expression of the epithelial phenotype. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature

Validated analysis of HIF-1α expression in cancer cells using a controlled and comparative immunoassay

The immunoreactivity of hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) has been considered a reliable indicator of the HIF-1 pathway activation in tissue hypoxia. However, HIF-1α immunoreactivity has been evaluated with different antibodies and heterogeneous protocols. The need to interpret contradictory findings requires, among other things, a comparison of the antibodies. This could be accomplished by using identical, well characterized antigenic targets and by decreasing the influence of other variables. We applied most of the commercially available antibodies, and an antibody developed in our laboratories, to the human cervical cancer HeLa cell line and tissue sections from a renal cell carcinoma systematically, and to other tumors selectively. The expression of HIF-1α in HeLa cells was induced by the hypoxia-mimetic DFO. Non-induced HeLa cells were used as 'genuine' negative controls in addition to routine ones. HeLa cells (both induced and not induced) were also examined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. We found that the antibodies showed immunostaining patterns with remarkable qualitative and quantitative differences, an observation not emphasized in previous literature. Certain antibodies require careful application to avoid specificity issues, and others to avoid low sensitivity problems. Pairing certain antibodies can optimize evaluation of HIF-1α expression. Most previous immunohistochemical studies of HIF-1α have attempted to map hypoxic neoplastic tissues or to demonstrate hypoxia in studies of neoangiogenesis, rather than 'measuring' HIF-1α expression or activation, because this requires a validated immunoassay. Our study thus allows for the development of a controlled and comparative HIF-1α immunoassay, which could be valuable if HIF-1α becomes a therapeutic target