Non-thermal processing as a preservation tool for health-promoting beverages

Abstract In the recent past, non-thermal food processing methods have been promoted due to the limitations associated with conventional thermal processing methods such as poor nutrient quality, rheological properties, and sensory characteristics of food products. The microbial and enzyme inactivation in food products subjected to non-thermal processes occurs without the application of heat that in turn results in products of superior quality. Non-thermal food processing for health-promoting beverages is gaining popularity because of the various advantages like processing at ambient temperature resulting in minimal or no changes in the texture, sensory attributes, composition of nutrients, bioactive compounds (antioxidants, anthocyanin, β-carotene and flavonoids), and organic acids. Due to the continuous rise in the research in this field, it is very important to synthesize relevant literature to supplement existing information to benefit all researchers and industrialists in the food processing sectors. This review aims to critically discuss various non-thermal processing technologies like ultrasound, pulsed light, high hydrostatic pressure, supercritical carbon dioxide, cold plasma, membrane technology, and pulsed magnetic field for processing health-promoting beverages. The working principle, effect of non-thermal processing technologies on the nutritional quality, sensory attributes, and elimination of microbial load of health-promoting beverages are also discussed. Most of the studies are performed on a laboratory scale which exhibits the need for the development of industrial-scale trials. Non-thermal processes are potential alternatives to thermal processing methods due to the retention of superior product quality and lower energy requirements. It is concluded that the adaptability of the combination of non-thermal processes along with aseptic packaging and cold temperature storage will result in superior product quality

METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF ACAMPROSATE CALCIUM IN TABLETS USING RP-HPLC

Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method and validate as per ICH guidelines for the quantitative estimation of Acamprosate calcium (333 mg) in tablets. Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Enable Make C18G (250 X 4.6 mm; 5μ), a mobile phase of triethylammonium phosphate buffer (pH 3.0): acetonitrile in the proportion of 30:70 v/v, flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 210 nm using a UV detector. Results: The developed method resulted in Acamprosate calcium eluting at 2.36 min. Acamprosate calcium exhibited linearity in the range 75-225μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 0.149%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) was found to be 570 ng/ml and 1729 ng/ml respectively. Conclusion: An accurate, precise and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Acamprosate calcium 333 mg in tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries

Quantification of Actaea racemosa L. (black cohosh) from some of its potential adulterants using qPCR and dPCR methods

Abstract The demand for popular natural health products (NHPs) such as Black Cohosh is increasing considerably, which in turn challenges quality assurance (QA) throughout the supply chain. To detect and quantify the target species present in a given NHP, DNA-based molecular techniques such as Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) are standard tools in the food and pathogen testing industries. There is a gap in the literature concerning validated quantitative PCR methods for botanicals that can be utilized for QA and good manufacturing practices. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient quantification method using qPCR and dPCR techniques for the detection and quantification of Actaea racemosa (Black cohosh) NHPs from its potential adulterants. These developed methods are validated for applicability on commercial NHPs. Species-specific hydrolysis probe assays were designed to analyze the black cohosh NHPs using qPCR and dPCR techniques. The results confirmed that the developed qPCR and dPCR methods are highly precise for identifying and quantifying black cohosh NHPs, indicating their potential applicability in future routine industrial and laboratory testing. This enables a single qPCR test to determine not only the presence of a specific botanical, but also the amount when mixed with an adulterant

Recent advances in extraction methodologies for the valorization of mango peel wastes

ABSTRACTMango is an important tropical edible fruit having economic importance, which is cultivated mainly in India (36.6%). It contains various macronutrients, micronutrients, antioxidants, and other bioactive compounds. It is consumed in fresh form or processed into different products namely pulp, juice, puree, pickle, jam, and nectar. It has been predicted mango processing will increase considerably reaching USD 1.8 billion in 2029.] The by-products generated during the processing of mangoes are peel, pomace, seed, and kernel which constitute 25–40% of fresh fruit. This review article describes the nutritional composition of mango peels and also provides detailed insights into different extraction methodologies for value-added compounds. This review also explores the available literature reports that prove mango peels are an excellent source of carotenoids, pectin, phenolic compounds, and volatile aroma compounds. Mango peels contain significantly higher amounts of minerals compared to pulp. It possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer properties. This article emphasizes the advantages of green extraction methodologies like ultrasound or microwave-assisted deep eutectic solvents compared to conventional extraction methods. The sustainable valorization of mango peels generated during processing can be economical as well as environmentally feasible

Modeling of peroxidase inactivation and temperature profile during infrared blanching of red bell pepper

Infrared (IR) blanching resulted in moisture loss (~1.6%), whereas fat, crude fiber, protein and carbohydrate contents were not affected. Retention of ascorbic acid (94.3%) and β-carotene (108.4%) was found to be high after IR blanching. Inactivation of peroxidase (POD) and temperature profile in red bell pepper was predicted by employing different models. Fractional conversion model and multiple regression analysis were used to predict the POD inactivation at different temperatures (130, 150 and 170C). The time–temperature–distance relationship and multiple regression analysis were used to predict the temperature at different points (0.5, 2.5 and 4.5 mm from top) of red bell pepper subjected to IR blanching at 150C. The multiple regression analysis was found to fit well (R2 = 0.996–0.997) with the experimental values for predicting POD inactivation than fractional conversion model (R2 = 0.868–0.943). The temperature profile during blanching of red bell pepper was predicted well by using time–temperature–distance relationship (R2 = 0.996–0.999) and multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.979–0.989)

Solid particle erosion and corrosion resistance performance of nanolayered multilayered Ti/TiN and TiAl/TiAlN coatings deposited on Ti6Al4V substrates

Solid particle erosion by air born dust particles and corrosion by humid air and sea salt cause severe damage to the gas turbine blades and wind turbines. Combination of erosion and corrosion accelerates the damage process compared to the individual effects. The damage leads to the economic loss, pollution and low safety. In order to protect these components, ultra-thin multilayered erosion and corrosion resistant Ti/TiN and TiAl/TiAlN coatings with stress absorbing layers were developed on Ti6Al4V substrates using un-balanced magnetron sputtering process. Erosion resistance of Ti/TiN and TiAl/TiAlN coatings was tested according to the ASTM-G76-13 standards at four different impinging angles: 90°, 60°, 45° and 30°. Erosion tests were conducted at 400 °C with increasing erodent velocity (30 to 90 m/s) using alumina and silica erodent particles. Average erosion resistance of Ti/TiN and TiAl/TiAlN coatings was significantly higher than Ti6Al4V substrate. Corrosion resistance of the coatings was found to be almost one order better than Ti6Al4V substrate in 3.5% NaCl solution. Morphology and spectroscopic analysis of the erosion scars were studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Chemical stability of TiAl/TiAlN was found to be better than Ti/TiN in 3.5% NaCl solution

Dietary intake, obesity, and metabolic risk factors among children and adolescents in the SEACO-CH20 cross-sectional study

We investigated the association between dietary intake and metabolic risk factors in children and adolescents within a semi-rural Malaysian community. Using an interviewer-led questionnaire, we surveyed 623 participants aged 7 to 18 from the South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO). Anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected from all participants, while a subset (n=162) provided blood samples for biomarker analysis, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Metabolic syndrome was determined using the International Diabetes Federation's Definition of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents. Most participants were Malay (66.8%), with a median household income of MYR1,500 and a balanced sex distribution. Cereals, processed foods, beverages, fruits, and vegetables were commonly consumed. Obesity and abdominal obesity were prevalent, affecting more than a third of participants. Adherence to dietary recommendations was generally poor (ranging from 19.9% to 58.1%) and varied across age, sex, and ethnicity. Notably, some food groups displayed unexpected associations with health markers; for instance, fruit consumption was linked to abdominal obesity in children (abdominal obesity vs normal: 2.4 servings/day vs. 1.6 servings/day). These findings emphasise the necessity of longitudinal studies to explore the complex relationship between diet and long-term health outcomes, including cardiometabolic diseases, while acknowledging the unique challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection and analysi