70 research outputs found
Electron transport and optical properties of shallow GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells with a thin central AlAs barrier
Shallow GaAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum well structures with and without a three
monolayer thick AlAs central barrier have been investigated for different well
widths and Si doping levels. The transport parameters are determined by
resistivity measurements in the temperature range 4-300 K and magnetotransport
in magnetic fields up to 12 T. The (subband) carrier concentrations and
mobilities are extracted from the Hall data and Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations.
We find that the transport parameters are strongly affected by the insertion of
the AlAs central barrier. Photoluminescence spectra, measured at 77 K, show an
increase of the transition energies upon insertion of the barrier. The
transport and optical data are analyzed with help of self-consistent
calculations of the subband structure and envelope wave functions. Insertion of
the AlAs central barrier changes the spatial distribution of the electron wave
functions and leads to the formation of hybrid states, i.e. states which extend
over the InGaAs and the delta-doped layer quantum wells.Comment: 14 pages, pdf fil
Morphological changes of the gastric mucosa in patients with duodenogasric reflux: relationship with acidity and helicobacter pylori
Purpose: to reveal the peculiarities of the duodenogastric reflux (DGR) impact on acidity and morphological features of the gastric mucosa in patients with "primary" reflux gastritis, as well as in cases of reflux gastritis in combination with H. pylori. Methods: 66 patients with chronic reflux gastritis were examined, 15 people formed a control group. All patients had gastric endoscopy with determination of the gastric acidity and concentration of bile acids. Biopsy material for histological examination was obtained from 55 patients, in 12 cases of suspected intestinal metaplasia additional histochemical (PAS and alcian blue) and immunohistochemical (cytokeratin 20, Villin, carcinoembriogenic antigen, MUC2, CD45) assays were performed. Results: the level of acidity in patients with DGR was higher (pH = 3.55 Β± 2.3) compared to the control group (pH = 6.85 Β± 1.34). Cases of DGR differed from the control group regarding the mononuclear infiltration (p=0,001), foveolar hyperplasia (p=0,001) in both antral and fundic parts of the stomach, mucosal edema (p=0,022) and atrophy (p=0,02) at the level of the antrum, and intestinal metaplasia (p=0,022) at the level of the body. In the presence of H. pylori infection, in addition to the abovementioned signs, infiltration by cells of acute inflammation (p = 0.005) was detected, which indicates an increase in the damaging effect of H. pylori infection in DGR. Conclusion: DGR may lead to "oxidation" of gastric contents. The effect of DGR leads to intestinal metaplasia of the body and atrophy of the antral part of stomach, chronic inflammation and foveolar hyperplasia. The presence of H. pylori boosts the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa caused by DGR.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ ) Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Β«ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΒ» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ-Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ H.pylori, ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΠΠ Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 66 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ-Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, 15 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ. 55 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π¨ΠΈΡΡ-ΠΉΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌ) ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ (ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° 20, Π²ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, MUC2, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π°, CD45) ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΠΠ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΡΠ΅ (ΡΠ=3,55Β±2,3) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ (ΡΠ=6,85Β±1,34). ΠΠ· ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,001), ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,001) Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ (Ρ=0,022) ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,02) Π°Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,022) Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ H. pylori, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,005), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ H. pylori ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ . ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Β«ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ» ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ H. pylori ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°
Effect of the combined action of Quercus cortex extract and probiotic substances on the immunity and productivity of broiler chickens
Aim: This study was designed to investigate the synergistic effect of the combined action of probiotic bacterial strains (Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and Quercus cortex extract as biologically active substances in the feed on the immunity and productivity of Gallus gallus domesticus.
Materials and Methods: For the experiment, 120 7-day-old broiler chickens were selected (4 groups, n=30, 3 replicates with 10 birds in each group). The groups were as follows: The reference group - basic diet (BD); experimental Group I - BD + Q. cortex extract (Q. cortex), 2.5 ml/kg of body weight; experimental Group II - BD + probiotic preparation based on B. adolescentis, 80.0 million colony-forming units (CFU), and L. acidophilus, 1.0 million CFU (dosage in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer); and experimental Group III - BD + probiotic + extract of Q. cortex. The following methods of study were used: Chemiluminescence and biochemical and hematological analysis.
Results: The results of the experiment showed a slight decrease in the level of leukocytes in Groups II (pβ€0.05) and III, and of hemoglobin in Group III (pβ€0.05), compared to the reference group. The level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in Group II was higher than both the reference group (pβ€0.05) and the other groups. Introduction of Q. cortex extract into the diet increased the level of triglycerides (pβ€0.05) and urea in the blood serum. The combined use of probiotic preparations and the extract resulted in an increase in the level of iron in the blood serum by 78.1% (pβ€0.05) in Group III. An increase in indicators of the antioxidant system (catalase increased in Group I by 27.2% (pβ€0.05) and by 3.0-12.7% in other groups; superoxide dismutase increased by 3.0-13.2%) and nonspecific immunity (Ξ²-lysine increased by 8.8-16.0%) was noted. Introduction of the extract and probiotic preparation into the diet contributed to increasing the live weight of chickens at the age of 15 days by 5.9 and 7.4%, respectively (pβ€0.05). In experimental Group II, this trend continued, and by the end of the period, the weight of animals exceeded that of their peers in other groups by 0.7-7.0%. Given the high preservation rate of poultry in the II and III Groups, and the low feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain (by 3.1-6.7%), the efficiency of growth was higher than in the reference group.
Conclusion: Thus, the combined use of probiotic strains of bacteria and Q. cortex extract helped to increase the antioxidant activity of the organism and antimicrobial components of blood plasma compared with broiler chickens with similar growth rates but without the supplementation of this combination
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