Comparativa de aplicaciones informáticas destinadas al procesamiento de datos obtenidos con metodología LIDAR aerotransportado y obtención de modelos digitales de elevación.

El contenido del Proyecto Fin de Carrera está desarrollado para profundizar en el conocimiento de las aplicaciones para el procesado de datos LiDAR, si bien, puede ser utilizado también como guía o consulta por el personal docente y técnico interesado, en el desarrollo o explicación de otros trabajos de comparación de herramientas relacionadas con la topografía. Por último, se pretende con esta comparación que se pueda elegir con facilidad una u otra aplicación según las necesidades de los proyectos y las capacidades con las que se cuentan, teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones a la hora de disponer de todo lo necesario para su realización. Los objetivos que se quieren alcanzar son: • Obtención de datos geoespaciales de unas zonas para su posterior procesado. • Realizar un control de calidad general para comprobar que los datos son aptos para nuestro trabajo. • Elegir las aplicaciones informáticas y establecer unos criterios de comparación. Para después poder realizar la comparativa de las aplicaciones informáticas. La consecución de los objetivos generales es posible a partir del planteamiento de los siguientes objetivos específicos: • Presentar el vuelo de una zona y las características de este. • Realizar un control de calidad específico en altimetría y planimetría. • Justificar la elección de distintas zonas a editar. • Definir los criterios que se van a comparar. • Edición generada con las aplicaciones que se han elegido, las cuales son: FUSION, MDTopX, TerraScan, MARS y SCOP. • Y por último realizar una comparativa entre las aplicaciones según los criterios elegidos

Funcionamiento diferencial del ítem y puntuaciones de corte: implicaciones en la interpretación de las puntuaciones de los tests

Psychological and educational measurement instruments are used to make decisions that can have an important impact on the person being assessed. It is therefore essential to ensure that tests are free from bias so that the scores they yield provide a fair interpretation. This study aimed to assess the impact that items showing differential functioning may have on test interpretations based on cut-off scores. To this end a simulation study was conductedin which we manipulated the size of the comparison groups (100, 250,500 and 1000), the magnitude of differential item functioning (DIF) (set at 0.8 for the difference between the difficulty parameters of the two groups) and the degree of test contamination (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of items with differentialfunctioning). Overall, the simulation considered 20 conditions, 1000 replications and a 20-item test. Results indicated that the selected cut-off did have an influence, and as the degree of test contamination increased, greater differences between the groups were erroneously detected, both in terms of statistical test significance and effect size obtained. These findings highlight the importance of ensuring that measurement instruments are free from DIF so that the interpretation of scores is both accurate and fair, this being a key aspect of a test’s validity.Los instrumentos de medida psicológicos y educativos se emplean en la toma de decisiones que afectan de modo relevante a las personas evaluadas. Por ello es clave que se garantice una interpretación equitativa de las puntuaciones obtenidas, mediante la utilización de tests no sesgados. El objetivo del trabajo es valorar el impacto de la presencia de ítems con funcionamiento diferencial en las interpretaciones basadas en puntuaciones de corte. Para ello se diseñó un estudio de simulación en que se manipuló el tamaño muestral de los grupos de comparación (100, 250, 500 y 1000), la magnitud de funcionamiento diferencial del ítem (establecida en 0.8 como diferencias entre los parámetros de dificultad de ambos grupos) y el grado de contaminación del test (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% y 40% de ítems con funcionamiento diferencial). En total se trabajó con 20 condiciones, 1000 réplicas y un test  de 20 ítems. Los resultados evidenciaron la influencia del punto de corte seleccionado y mostraron que a mayor grado de contaminación del test se detectan erróneamente mayores diferencias entre los grupos de comparación, tanto a nivel de la prueba de significación como del tamaño del efecto estudiados. Todo ello permite concluir la relevancia de obtener evidencias de ausencia de DIF en los instrumentos de medida para lograr una interpretación precisa y equitativa de sus puntuaciones, en el marco de la validez del test

Trx2p-dependent regulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidative stress response by the Skn7p transcription factor under respiring conditions

The whole genome analysis has demonstrated that wine yeasts undergo changes in promoter regions and variations in gene copy number, which make them different to lab strains and help them better adapt to stressful conditions during winemaking, where oxidative stress plays a critical role. Since cytoplasmic thioredoxin II, a small protein with thiol-disulphide oxidoreductase activity, has been seen to perform important functions under biomass propagation conditions of wine yeasts, we studied the involvement of Trx2p in the molecular regulation of the oxidative stress transcriptional response on these strains. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of several oxidative stress-related genes regulated by either Yap1p or the co-operation between Yap1p and Skn7p. The results revealed a lowered expression for all the tested Skn7p dependent genes in a Trx2p-deficient strain and that Trx2p is essential for the oxidative stress response during respiratory metabolism in wine yeast. Additionally, activity of Yap1p and Skn7p dependent promoters by β-galactosidase assays clearly demonstrated that Skn7p-dependent promoter activation is affected by TRX2 gene deficiency. Finally we showed that deleting the TRX2 gene causes Skn7p hyperphosphorylation under oxidative stress conditions. We propose Trx2p to be a new positive efector in the regulation of the Skn7p transcription factor that controls phosphorylation events and, therefore, modulates the oxidative stress response in yeast. © 2013 Gómez-Pastor et al.This work has been supported by grants AGL 2008-00060 and AGL2011-24353 from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (MEC) to EM. EG was a predoctoral fellow of the FPI program from the MEC (Spanish Ministry of Education). RG-P was a predoctoral fellow of the I3P program from the CSIC (Spanish National Research Council). RP-T was a postdoctoral fellow of the JAEDOC program from the CSIC.Peer Reviewe

Expression of Smac/Diablo in tubular epithelial cells and during acute renal failure

Expression of Smac/Diablo in tubular epithelial cells and during acute renal failure.BackgroundApoptosis contributes to tubular cell loss in the course of renal injury. However, the mechanisms regulating tubular cell apoptosis are not well understood. Smac/Diablo is a mitochondrial protein that is released to the cytosol during apoptosis, where it blocks the antiapoptotic activity of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs).MethodsWe have studied the regulation of Smac/Diablo mRNA and protein expression in murine toxic acute tubular necrosis, and in cultured tubular epithelial cells exposed to the lethal cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF).ResultsFolic acid–induced acute renal failure was associated with tubular cell apoptosis. Smac/Diablo mRNA and protein levels increased by 50% at 24 hours. TNF, a cytokine whose renal expression increases in folic acid nephropathy, induced apoptosis in cultured tubular epithelial cells in a time-dependent manner. In addition, TNF increased the mRNA and protein expression of Smac/Diablo.ConclusionThese findings support the concept that regulation of Smac/Diablo mRNA and protein expression is a mechanism by which lethal stimuli amplify their lethal potential in renal cells

The potential of essential oils from active packaging to reduce ethylene biosynthesis in plant products. Part 2: fruits (Blueberries and blackberries)

Plant essential oils (EOs) have an important ability to inhibit ethylene biosynthesis. Nevertheless, the effects of EOs on the key components of ethylene biosynthesis (l-aminocyclopropane1-carboxylic (ACC) oxidase activity, ACC synthase activity, and ACC content) have not yet been thoroughly studied. Accordingly, this study focused on the effects of emitted EOs from active packaging (EO doses from 100 to 1000 mg m−2 ) on the key components of ethylene biosynthesis of blueberries and blackberries under several storage temperatures. Anise EO and lemon EO active packaging induced the greatest inhibitory effects (60–76%) on the ethylene production of blueberries and blackberries, respectively, even at high storage temperatures (22 ◦C). In terms of EO doses, active packaging with 1000 mg m−2 of anise EO or lemon EO led to the highest reduction of ethylene production, respectively. At 22 ◦C, the investigated EO active packing reduced the activities of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase up to 50%. In order to minimise ethylene biosynthesis in blueberries and blackberries when they are stored even under improper temperature scenarios at high temperatures, this EO active packaging is a natural and efficient technological solution.The authors are grateful to the SPANISH MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION for the grant PID2020-119882RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández was supported by a Beatriz Galindo scholarship (BG20-00069) from the SPANISH MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION. Alberto Garre was supported by a Ramón y Cajal scholarship (RYC2021-034612-I) from the SPANISH MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION. The authors are grateful to the company, Plus Berries, for facilitating the transport of blackberries to the facilities of the Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

CATÁLOGO DE LA FLORA CORMOFÍTICA DE LOS SISTEMAS DE DUNAS LITORALES COMPRENDIDOS ENTRE SANTA POLA Y CALBLANQUE (SE DE ESPANA)

The flowering plants of the sanddunes of Southeastern Spain have been studied and 270 taxa recognised have been listed according to the systematics proposed by CRONQUIST (198 1). Sorne of the most interesting taxa cited are: Ammochloa palestina Boiss., Cutandia memphitica (Sprengel) K . Richter, Euphorbia terracina L. var. almeriensis Sennen, Helianthemum x alicantinum Pau, Limonium arenosum Erben, Spartina densiflora Brongn.. Vulpia membranacea (L.) Link var. membranacea.Se estudia la flora corrnofitica que coloniza los sistemas de dunas litorales del SE de España, reconociéndose 270 táxones que se presentan ordenados según la sistemática propuesta por CRONQUI(S19T8 1). Entre las especies citadas más interesantes cabe destacar: Ammochloa palestina Boiss., Cutandia memphitica (Sprengel) K . Richter, Euphorbia terracina i> L. var. almeriensis Sennen, Helianthemum x alicantinum Pau, Limonium arenosum Erben, Spartina densiflora Brongn., Vulpia membranacea (L.) Link var. membranacea

Differential item functioning and cut-off scores: Implications for test score interpretation

Psychological and educational measurement instruments are used to make decisions that can have an important impact on the person being assessed. It is therefore essential to ensure that tests are free from bias so that the scores they yield provide a fair interpretation. This study aimed to assess the impact that items showing differential functioning may have on test interpretations based on cut-off scores. To this end a simulation study was conductedin which we manipulated the size of the comparison groups (100, 250,500 and 1000), the magnitude of differential item functioning (DIF) (set at 0.8 for the difference between the difficulty parameters of the two groups) and the degree of test contamination (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of items with differentialfunctioning). Overall, the simulation considered 20 conditions, 1000 replications and a 20-item test. Results indicated that the selected cut-off did have an influence, and as the degree of test contamination increased, greater differences between the groups were erroneously detected, both in terms of statistical test significance and effect size obtained. These findings highlight the importance of ensuring that measurement instruments are free from DIF so that the interpretation of scores is both accurate and fair, this being a key aspect of a test's validity

Kinetics of carvacrol release from active paper packaging for fresh fruits and vegetables under conditions of open and closed package

The carvacrol release kinetics from active packaging (including carvacrol-βcyclodextrin inclusion complex) was studied under the following possible scenarios found in fresh produce packaging and marketing facilities: different storage temperatures (2, 8, 15 and 22 ºC), relative humidity (60% and 95% RH), as well as different packaging conditions (open or closed). Release kinetics for the closed and open packaging systems were described using first-order and n-order power law kinetics, respectively. Increasing temperature and RH enhanced the carvacrol release rate. The release rate (k) increased by 1.3–1.7-fold when the RH was augmented from 60% to 95%. An initial release burst effect was observed with the highest k rate (0.14/2.0 × 10− 2 1/dayn ) under open active packaging at 8/15 ºC (95% RH). In conclusion, the use of active packaging will ensure a proper essential oil release, with even a higher initial release (burst effect) in open packages, leading to a potential extension of the product shelf life.The authors are grateful for the grant PID2020-119882RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033. Alberto Garre was supported by a Ramon y Cajal scholarship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/State Investigation Agency from Spain (RYC2021-034612-I)

Hepatic disease as the first manifestation of progressive myoclonus epilepsy of Lafora

5 páginas, 2 figuras -- PAGS nros. 1369-1373Background: Lafora disease (LD; progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 2; EPM2) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the EPM2A and EPM2B genes. LD is characterized by the presence of strongly PAS-positive intracellular inclusions (Lafora bodies) in several tissues. Glycogen storage disease type IV (GSD-IV; Andersen disease) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cirrhosis leading to severe liver failure. GSD-IV has been associated with mutations in the glycogen branching enzyme gene (GBE). Histopathologic changes of the liver in both diseases show an identical appearance, although cirrhosis has never been described in patients with LD. We report a LD family in which the proband presented severe liver failure at onset of the disease. Methods: Clinical histories, physical and neurologic examination, laboratory tests, EEGs, MRI of the brain, and liver or axillary skin biopsies were performed in the two affected siblings. The diagnosis was confirmed by molecular genetic analysis of the EPM2A, EPM2B, and GBE genes and loci. Results: During the first decade of life, abnormalities in liver function tests were detected in the two affected siblings. The proband's liver dysfunction was severe enough to require liver transplantation. Subsequently, both sibs developed LD. Mutation analysis of EPM2A revealed a homozygous Arg241stop mutation in both patients. Conclusions: This is the first description of severe hepatic dysfunction as the initial clinical manifestation of LD. The phenotypic differences between the two affected siblings suggest that modifier genes must condition clinical expression of the disease outside the CNSPeer reviewe