Alternativas de recogida, tratamiento y eliminación de residuos sólidos urbanos

[EN] It is a monograph that analyzes the systems for the collection of existing waste, the different types of treatment and recovery, and the final disposal of the waste.[ES] Es un trabajo monográfico que analiza los sistemas de recogida de residuos existente, los diferentes tipos de tratamiento y valorización y la eliminación final de los residuos.[CA] És un treball monogràfic que analitza els sistemes d'arreplega de residus existent, els diferents tipus de tractament i valoració i l'eliminació final dels residus.Soto Fuster, JL. (2014). Alternativas de recogida, tratamiento y eliminación de residuos sólidos urbanos. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/39869.Archivo delegad

Estudio de aplicabilidad de humedales artificiales para la mejora de la calidad de las aguas en los meandros abandonados del río Segura

[ES] La actuación consiste en la utilización de tres meandros abandonados del río Segura, actualmente incluidos en el catálogo de zonas húmedas de la Comunidad Valenciana para la instalación de unos humedales artificiales que permitan depurar y mejorar la calidad del agua del río Segura mediante fitodepuración.[CA] L'actuació consistix en la utilització de tres meandres abandonats del riu Segura, actualment inclosos en el catàleg de zones humides de la Comunitat Valenciana per a la instal·lació d'uns aiguamolls artificials que permeten depurar i millorar la qualitat de l'aigua del riu Segura per mitjà de fitodepuració.[EN] The action consists in the use of three meanders abandoned the river Segura, currently included in the list of wetlands of the Community of Valencia for the installation of constructed wetlands that enable debug and improve the water quality of the River Segura through Phytodepuration.Soto Fuster, JL. (2016). Estudio de aplicabilidad de humedales artificiales para la mejora de la calidad de las aguas en los meandros abandonados del río Segura. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/70818.Archivo delegad

Diseño de un nuevo trazado de carretera C-90

[ES] Realizar todo el proceso de diseño Geométrico de una nueva carretera, con estudio de alternativas y justificación y desarrollo de alternativa elegida. Todo ello con el software profesional de Diseño de carreteras. Cumpliendo la normativa vigente.[EN] Carry out the entire Geometric design process of a new road, with study of alternatives and justification and development of the chosen alternative. All this with professional road design software. Complying with current regulations.Martí Fuster, JL. (2021). Diseño de un nuevo trazado de carretera C-90. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/173995TFG

Numerical iterative methods for Markovian dependability and performability models: new results and a comparison

In this paper we deal with iterative numerical methods to solve linear systems arising in continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) models. We develop an algorithm to dynamically tune the relaxation parameter of the successive over-relaxation method. We give a sufficient condition for the Gauss-Seidel method to converge when computing the steady-state probability vector of a finite irreducible CTMC, an a suffient condition for the Generalized Minimal Residual projection method not to converge to the trivial solution 0 when computing that vector. Finally, we compare several splitting-based iterative methods an a variant of the Generalized Minimal Residual projection method.Postprint (published version

Recreational Drug Use in People Living with HIV in Spain : Factors Associated with Drug Use and the Impact on Clinical Outcomes

We analysed the impact of recreational drug use (RDU) on different outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV). A multicentre retrospective cohort study was performed with two cohorts of PLHIV included: people using recreational drugs (PURD) vs. people not using recreational drugs (PNURD). Overall, 275 PLHIV were included. RDU was associated with men having sex with men (OR 4.14, 95% CI [1.14, 5.19]), previous sexually transmitted infections (OR 4.00, 95% CI [1.97, 8.13]), and current smoking (OR 2.74, 95% CI [1.44, 5.19]). While the CD/CD ratio increased amongst PNURD during the follow-up year, it decreased amongst PURD (p = 0.050). PURD presented lower scores of self-reported and multi-interval antiretroviral adherence (p = 0.017, and p = 0.006, respectively), emotional well-being (p < 0.0001), and regular follow-up (p = 0.059), but paid more visits to the emergency unit (p = 0.046). RDU worsens clinical, immunological, and mental health outcomes amongst PLHIV

An analysis of safety evidence management with the Structured Assurance Case Metamodel

SACM (Structured Assurance Case Metamodel) it a standard for assurance case specification and exchange. It consists of an argumentation metamodel and an evidence metamodel for justifying that a system satisfies certain requirements. For assurance of safety-critical systems, SACM can be used to manage safety evidence and to specify safety cases. The standard is a promising initiative towards harmonizing and improving system assurance practices, but its suitability for safety evidence management needs to be further studied. To this end, this paper studies how SACM 1.1 supports this activity according to requirements from industry and from prior work. We have analysed the notion of evidence in SACM, its evidence lifecycle, the classes and associations of the evidence metamodel, and the link of this metamodel with the argumentation one. As a result, we have identified several improvement opportunities and extension possibilities in SACM

Novel technique for estimating pollution-associated leakage current in high voltage insulators based on adaptive filtering in long-term recording

[EN] Moist polluting substances on high-voltage insulator surfaces can cause power-line failures by triggering electric arcs. There are at present no effective methods of measuring insulator pollution levels during normal operations. In this work, we attempt to estimate insulator pollution leakage current (PLC) as an indirect method of measuring deposits in a 30 month period of simultaneously recording leakage current and related environmental variables in substation insulators. We analyzed the relationship between raw leakage current and environmental variables. We canceled out the influence of relative humidity on leakage current by adaptive filtering and then obtained the PLC by filtering out the anomalous peaks in the recording. The proposed method considerably reduces the correlation between leakage current and relative humidity (0.826 vs 0.019). The resulting signal was only slightly correlated with other environmental variables (<0.03), suggesting that the relationships between leakage current and temperature, wind direction and speed are mainly attributable to their influence on relative humidity. The PLC presents a quasi-annual smooth fluctuation over time with a magnitude similar to those obtained in laboratory tests. This novel technique could be used to monitor insulator PLC in real time and thus improve power supply continuity and reduce maintenance costs.Bueno-Barrachina, J.; Cañas Peñuelas, CS.; Ye Lin, Y.; Fuster Roig, VL. (2021). Novel technique for estimating pollution-associated leakage current in high voltage insulators based on adaptive filtering in long-term recording. Measurement Science and Technology. 32(5):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/abea3dS11032

The CNIC-Polypill reduces recurrent major cardiovascular events in real-life secondary prevention patients in Spain: The NEPTUNO study.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a cardiovascular polypill including aspirin, ramipril and atorvastatin (CNIC-Polypill), on the incidence of recurrent major cardiovascular events (MACE) and risk factor control in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) vs different pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Retrospective, observational study using data from electronic-health records. Patients were distributed into 4 different cohorts: CNIC-Polypill (case cohort) vs 3 control cohorts: same monocomponents taken separately (Monocomponents), equipotent drugs (Equipotent) and other drugs not included in the previous cohorts (Other therapies). Patients were followed for 2 years or until MACE or death. After propensity score matching, a total of 6456 patients (1614 patients per cohort) were analysed. After 2 years, the risk of recurrent MACE was lower in the CNIC-Polypill cohort compared to the control groups (22%; p = 0.017, 25%; p = 0.002, 27%; p = 0.001, higher in the Monocomponents, Equipotent and Other therapies cohorts, respectively). The incremental proportion of patients who achieved blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) control from baseline was higher in the CNIC-Polypill cohort vs control cohorts (BP controlled patients: +12.5% vs + 6.3%; p < 0.05, +2.2%; p < 0.01, +2.4%; p < 0.01, LDLc controlled patients: +10.3% vs + 4.9%; p < 0.001, +5.7%; p < 0.001, +4.9%; p < 0.001, respectively). Medication persistence was higher in patients treated with the CNIC-Polypill (72.1% vs 62.2%, 60.0% and 54.2%, respectively; p < 0.001) at study end. In secondary prevention patients, compared with control groups, treatment with the CNIC-Polypill was associated with significant reductions in the accumulated incidence of recurrent MACE, improved BP and LDLc control rates, and increased medication persistence.FerrerS

Disk luxation and problem by joint disck interference of the temporomandibular

Introducción y objetivos: Los trastornos temporomandibulares incluyen un conjunto de patologías de origen multifactorial, que tienen en común la posibilidad de alterar funcionalmente el aparato masticatorio. Los objetivos planteados se basan en realizar un estudio de las diferentes patologías de la mandíbula provocadas por la interferencia del disco articular. Material y método: Se han utilizado bases de datos como Medlina, Science Direct, Bvs. Catalogos electrónicos como O.P.A.C. de la biblioteca de la U.C.A.M. A demás se ha hecho una búsqueda en abanico partiendo de los artículos encontrados. Resultados y discusión: Se ha realizado una revisión de la biomecánica articular dirigida al movimiento del disco dentro de la articulación y las posibles patologías que puede provocar con su alteración. Conclusión: Los trastornos de la articulación temporomandibular incluyen problemas relativos a las articulaciones y músculos que la rodean. A menudo, la causa del trastorno de la articulación temporomandibular es una combinación de tensión muscular y problemas anatómicos dentro de esta.Terapia y Rehabilitació

Recomendaciones del Grupo GARIN para el manejo de pacientes no críticos con diabetes o hiperglucemia de estrés y nutrición artificial

Background & aims: By means of this update, the GARIN working group aims to define its position regarding the treatment of patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia and artificial nutrition. In this area there are many aspects of uncertainty, especially in non-critically ill patients. Methods: Bibliographical review, and specific questions in advance were discussed and answered at a meeting in the form of conclusions. Results: We propose a definition of stress hyperglycaemia. The indications and access routes for artificial nutrition are no different in patients with diabetes/stress hyperglycaemia than in non-diabetics. The objective must be to keep pre-prandial blood glucose levels between 100 and 140 mg/dl and post-prandial levels between 140 and 180 mg/dl. Hyperglycemia can be prevented through systematic monitoring of capillary glycaemias and adequately calculate energy-protein needs. We recommend using enteral formulas designed for patients with diabetes (high monounsaturated fat) to facilitate metabolic control. The best drug treatment for treating hyperglycaemia/diabetes in hospitalised patients is insulin and we make recommendations for adapt the theoretical insulin action to the nutrition infusion regimen. We also addressed recommendations for future investigation. Conclusions: This recommendations about artificial nutrition in patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycaemia can add value to clinical work.Introducción y objetivos: En el tratamiento de los pacientes con diabetes o hiperglucemia de estrés y la nutrición artificial existen muchas áreas de incertidumbre, sobre todo en pacientes no críticos. El grupo de trabajo GARIN tiene como objetivo definir su posición en este campo. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica previa y reunión presencial en la que se discutieron y contestaron preguntas específicas sobre el tema. Resultados: Proponemos una definición de hiperglucemia de estrés. Las indicaciones y las rutas de acceso a la nutrición artificial no difieren en los pacientes con hiperglucemia de estrés o diabetes respecto a los no diabéticos. El objetivo debe ser mantener los niveles de glucemia preprandial entre 100 y 140 mg/dl y postprandial entre 140 y 180 mg/dl. La hiperglucemia puede prevenirse a través de una monitorización sistemática de las glucemias capilares y un cálculo adecuado de las necesidades energético-proteicas. Recomendamos el uso de fórmulas enterales diseñadas para pacientes con diabetes (alto contenido en grasas monoinsaturadas) para facilitar el control metabólico. El mejor tratamiento farmacológico para tratar la hiperglucemia/diabetes en pacientes hospitalizados es la insulina, aconsejando adaptar la acción teórica de la insulina al régimen de infusión de la nutrición. También realizamos recomendaciones para investigaciones futuras. Conclusiones: Estas recomendaciones aportan respuestas concretas sobre cuestiones comunes en la asistencia a pacientes con diabetes o hiperglucemia de estrés y nutrición artificial