Steering effects on growth instability during step-flow growth of Cu on Cu(1,1,17)

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulation is utilized to study the effect of the steered deposition on the growth of Cu on Cu(1,1,17). It is found that the deposition flux becomes inhomogeneous in step train direction and the inhomogeneity depends on the deposition angle, when the deposition is made along that direction. Steering effect is found to always increase the growth instability, with respect to the case of homogeneous deposition. Further, the growth instability depends on the deposition angle and direction, showing minimum at a certain deposition angle off-normal to (001) terrace, and shows a strong correlation with the inhomogeneous deposition flux. The increase of the growth instability is ascribed to the strengthened step Erlich Schwoebel barrier effects that is caused by the enhanced deposition flux near descending step edge due to the steering effect.Comment: 5 page

Stimulated wave of polarization in spin chains

Stimulated wave of polarization, triggered by a flip of a single spin, presents a simple model of quantum amplification. Previously, it has been found that such wave can be excited in a 1D Ising chain with nearest-neighbor interactions, irradiated by a weak resonant transverse field. Here we explore models with more realistic Hamiltonians, in particular, with natural dipole-dipole interactions. Results of simulations for 1D spin chains and rings with up to nine spins are presented.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

One loop renormalization for the axial Ward-Takahashi identity in Domain-wall QCD

We calculate one-loop correction to the axial Ward-Takahashi identity given by Furman and Shamir in domain-wall QCD. It is shown perturbatively that the renormalized axial Ward-Takahashi identity is satisfied without fine tuning and the ``conserved'' axial current receives no renormalization, giving $Z_A=1$. This fact will simplify the calculation of the pion decay constant in numerical simulations since the decay constant defined by this current needs no lattice renormalization factor.Comment: 16 pages, 3 axodraw.sty figure

Study of the activity of sunflower honey against a mixed microbial association isolated from bees with signs of dyspepsia in laboratory conditions

Beekeeping is one of the essential branches of agriculture in Ukraine, the main activity of which is aimed at breeding bees and obtaining honey and other products beneficial for human health. Maintaining the physiological state of bee colonies at the proper level is one of the essential tasks of veterinary medicine doctors and beekeepers. Compliance with veterinary and sanitary requirements at bee farms is the basis of preventing infectious pathologies in bee colonies. Since the body of insects has a fast metabolism, any infectious pathology quickly acquires a massive manifestation. One indicative symptom of infectious damage to the “gut” of bees is dyspepsia. Diarrhea, anorexia, and loss of productivity are observed in bees in this condition. The market of means to prevent such pathological manifestations in beekeeping is relatively narrow. The healing and favorable properties of honey, manifested in pain-relieving, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, have been known since ancient times. Sunflower honey differs from other types in a wide range of components, particularly phytoncides, which inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the main goal of the experiment was a laboratory study of the effect of different concentrations of sunflower honey sieve on the mixed microbial association isolated from bees with signs of dyspepsia. The activity of sunflower honey in laboratory conditions was studied by the disco-diffusion method in Petri dishes on MPA medium (meat-peptone agar). To obtain syrup from sunflower honey, sunflower honey was diluted with distilled water in a ratio of 1:1, working solutions were prepared from sunflower honey syrup in dilutions of 1:2, 1:4, 1:10, 1:100. The data analysis indicates the bacteriostatic activity of the syrup from sunflower honey in all studied concentrations concerning the mixed microbial association. Moreover, the largest diameter of the growth inhibition zone of the studied microorganisms was noted when the syrup from sunflower honey was diluted in a ratio of 1:10 (19.2 ± 0.42 mm). In turn, the antagonistic effect of the syrup from sunflower honey was observed in all dilutions concerning the mixed microbial association, where the largest diameter of the antagonism was 19.6 ± 0.27 mm when the disc was impregnated with the native working solution. Thus, it is promising to accumulate and identify a pure culture antagonist concerning a mixed culture of bacteria isolated during bee diarrhea to further create a pharmacological agent for preventing infectious pathologies of bees in unhealthy apiaries

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОГО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ДЕРНОВО-КАРБОНАТНИХ ҐРУНТІВ (РЕНДЗИН) ВОЛИНСЬКОГО ПОЛІССЯ

The features of sod-carbonate soils (rendzin) and their contiguity to Upper Cretaceous deposits within the boundaries of the Volyn Polissia are considered. The research was conducted in two areas and similar results were obtained. The term "rendziny" is briefly explained and their genesis, soil profile morphology, humus reserves, processes of humus formation and dehumification are defined. The most lasting effect of humus accumulation is noted when organic fertilizers are applied. This indicates that the use of organic and organo-mineral fertilizer systems leads to the stabilization of humus accumulation in the arable layer of the humus horizon.To maintain a high level of humus formation, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizers, and for a high degree of enrichment of humus with nitrogen, it is necessary to supplement them with mineral fertilizers. Of all the applied fertilization systems, the most optimal is the organo-mineral (combined) system (N60P60K120+8.9 t/ha of manure), which contributes to the formation of a powerful humus horizon characterized by the highest thermodynamic stability of the humus complex.The transformation of colloidal forms of humus was noted. When plowing rendzin on control (without fertilizers), the content of GH in the plowed layer decreases by 2 times, which indicates increased mineralization due to plowing. The use of fertilizer systems makes it possible to restrain PG mineralization by 16–40%, and the organo-mineral system exerts a great influence on its stabilization.     Розглянуто особливості дерново-карбонатних ґрунтів (рендзин), їхню приуроченість до верхньокрейдових відкладень у межах Волинського Полісся. Дослідження проведено на двох площах та отримано аналогічні результати. Коротко пояснено термін «рендзини» і визначено їх генезу, морфологію грунтового профілю, запаси гумусу, процеси утворення гумусу та дегуміфікації. Найбільш тривалим ефект накопичення гумусу відзначається при внесенні органічних добрив. Це свідчить про те, що застосування органічної та органо-мінеральної системи добрива призводить до стабілізації накопичення гумусу в орному шарі гумусового горизонту.Для підтримки високого рівня утворення гумусу необхідно обов'язково вносити органічні добрива, а для високого ступеня збагачення гумусу азотом необхідно доповнювати їх мінеральними добривами. З усіх застосовуваних систем удобрення найбільш оптимальною є органо-мінеральна (комбінована) система (N60P60K120+8,9 т/га гною), яка сприяє утворенню потужного гумусового горизонту, що характеризується найвищою термодинамічною стійкістю гумусового комплексу.Відзначено трансформацію колоїдних форм гумусу. При розорюванні рендзин на контролі (без добрив) вміст ПГ у орному шарі зменшується у 2 рази, що свідчить про підвищену мінералізацію внаслідок розорювання. Застосування систем добрива дозволяє стримувати мінералізацію ПГ на 16–40%, причому великий вплив на його стабілізацію чинить органо-мінеральна система

Novel synovial fluid recovery method allows for quantification of a marker of arthritis in mice

SummaryObjectiveWe evaluated three methodologies – a calcium sodium alginate compound (CSAC), polyacrylate beads (PABs), and Whatman paper recovery (WPR) – for the ability to recover synovial fluid (SF) from mouse knees in a manner that facilitated biochemical marker analysis.MethodsPilot testing of each of these recovery vehicles was conducted using small volumes of waste human SF. CSAC emerged as the method of choice, and was used to recover and quantify SF from the knees of C57BL/6 mice (n=12), six of which were given left knee articular fractures. SF concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe mean concentration ratio [(COMPleft knee)/(COMPright knee)] was higher in the mice subjected to articular fracture when compared to the non-fracture mice (P=0.026). The mean total COMP ratio (taking into account the quantitative recovery of SF) best discriminated between fracture and non-fracture knees (P=0.004).ConclusionsOur results provide the first direct evidence of accelerated joint tissue turnover in a mouse model responding to acute joint injury. These data strongly suggest that mouse SF recovery is feasible and that biomarker analysis of collected SF samples can augment traditional histological analyses in mouse models of arthritis

The multiple quantum NMR dynamics in systems of equivalent spins with the dipolar ordered initial state

The multiple quantum (MQ) NMR dynamics in the system of equivalent spins with the dipolar ordered initial state is considered. The high symmetry of the MQ Hamiltonian is used in order to develop the analytical and numerical methods for an investigation of the MQ NMR dynamics in the systems consisting of hundreds of spins from "the first principles". We obtain the dependence of the intensities of the MQ NMR coherences on their orders (profiles of the MQ NMR coherences) for the systems of $200 - 600$ spins. It is shown that these profiles may be well approximated by the exponential distribution functions. We also compare the MQ NMR dynamics in the systems of equivalent spins having two different initial states, namely the dipolar ordered state and the thermal equilibrium state in the strong external magnetic field.Comment: 11 pages 4 figure

Entanglement in nuclear quadrupole resonance

Entangled quantum states are an important element of quantum information techniques. We determine the requirements for states of quadrupolar nuclei with spins >1/2 to be entangled. It was shown that entanglement is achieved at low temperature by applying a magnetic field to a quadrupolar nuclei possess quadrupole moments, which interacts with the electricfield gradient produced by the charge distribution in their surroundings.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

МОНІТОРИНГ РЕАКЦІЇ ЯЧМЕНЮ ЯРОГО НА УДОБРЕННЯ ФОСФОАЗОТИНОМ

The influence of fertilizer on the growth and development of spring barley has been studied and the influence of phosphoazotine on the productivity and quality of spring barley grain has been analyzed and the efficiency of using the proposed fertilizer system has been established.One of the conditions for intensive agriculture at the present stage is the optimal management of nutrients and creating their active balance through the use of mineral fertilizers in the implementation of programmed yield levels based on a clear implementation of science-based system (model) measures and technologies for enhanced soil fertility reproduction. regional conditions.The genetic potential of modern varieties of cereals, including spring barley, has crossed the 10 t / ha mark. However, due to insufficient study of the biological characteristics of these varieties, lack of mineral fertilizers and financial resources, as well as changes in weather and climatic conditions, the realization of genetic potential reaches barely 40-50%. One of the important factors that significantly affect the productivity of cereals is the optimal fertilizer system.The agrochemical and economic feasibility of fertilizing spring barley with phosphoazitin has been proved and the optimal doses of fertilizers for this crop on sod-podzolic sandy soils of the Western Polissya of Ukraine have been established.Meat waste can be a valuable fertilizer due to its high protein content. This is one of the promising measures to reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. One ton of this fertilizer is close to 5 tons of manure.The positive effect of this fertilizer must be supplemented with mineral fertilizers. But in conditions of high prices for fertilizers, even partial replacement can give significant savings.Numerous studies show that the productivity of spring barley depends on its growth and development during the growing season. Given this, we were faced with the task of studying the effect of fertilizers on the growth and development of spring barley plants. Structural analysis data show that yield structure indicators also depended on fertilizer systems.Досліджений вплив удобрення на ріст і розвиток ячменю ярого та проаналізований вплив фосфоазотину на продуктивність та якість зерна ячменю ярого і встановлена ефективність використання запропонованої системи удобрення.Доведено агрохімічну та економічну доцільність удобрення ячменю ярого фосфоазитином та встановлені оптимальні дози застосування добрив під дану культуру на дерново-підзолистих супіщаних ґрунтах Західного Полісся України.Генетичний потенціал сучасних сортів зернових культур, у тому числі ярого ячменю, перевищив позначку в 10 т/га. Однак через недостатню вивченість біологічних особливостей цих сортів, нестачу мінеральних добрив і фінансових ресурсів, а також зміну погодно-кліматичних умов реалізація генетичного потенціалу досягає ледве 40–50%. Одним із важливих факторів, що істотно впливають на продуктивність зернових культур, є оптимальна система удобрення.Доведено агрохімічну та економічну доцільність підживлення ярого ячменю фосфоазитином та встановлено оптимальні дози добрив для цієї культури на дерново-підзолистих піщаних ґрунтах Західного Полісся України.М’ясні відходи можуть бути цінним добривом завдяки високому вмісту білка. Це один із перспективних заходів щодо зменшення кількості азотних і фосфорних добрив. Одна тонна цього добрива – це близько 5 тон гною.Позитивну дію цього добрива необхідно доповнити мінеральними добривами. Але в умовах високих цін на добрива навіть часткова заміна може дати значну економію.Численні дослідження показують, що продуктивність ярого ячменю залежить від його росту та розвитку протягом вегетації. З огляду на це перед нами постало завдання вивчення впливу добрив на ріст і розвиток рослин ярого ячменю. Дані структурного аналізу показують, що показники структури врожайності також залежали від систем внесення добрив