Pyrolytic nature of carbonaceous matter in carbonaceous chondrites and secondary metamorphsm

Major carbonaceous matter in five C2 carbonaceous chondrites (Y-791198,Y-74662,Murchison, B-7904,and Y-793321) and six C3 carbonaceous chondrites (Allende, Y-790992,Y-791717,Y-81020,ALH-77003,and ALH-77307) was investigated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography. The amount of naphthalene produced on the pyrolysis varied largely from chondrite to chondrite, and the carbonaceous matter in these chondrites could be divided into five groups by the efficiency of formation of pyrolysis products. The groups did not accord with any conventional subdivisions of carbonaceous chondrites. The grouping based on the pyrolytic nature of the major carbonaceous matter may give additional information about secondary metamorphism in carbonaceous chondrites

In-situ micro Raman studies on graphitic carbon in some Antarctic ureilites

The fine structures of graphitic materials contained in four Antarctic ureilites (ALH-77257,ALH-78019,MET-78008 and Y-791538) were investigated using a laser light (514.5nm), which could be focused onto a spot of 1μm in diameter. Raman spectra obtained differ not only among individual ureilite samples, but also among positions within a single carbonaceous vein of the same specimen. Moreover, one can classify the carbon into several groups on the basis of the spectra concerned. For all samples, both well-ordered graphitic carbon and semi-ordered graphitic carbon were observed. Amorphous carbon was detected in ALH-77257 and MET-78008. The difference in structural ordering among the samples is attributed to the difference in distribution of the components of carbonaceous material, indicating minor difference in genetic conditions or in locality within the parent body. Structural heterogeneity of carbon within a single carbonaceous vein implies the occurrence of two (or three) types of carbonaceous matters which have fairly different physicochemical properties and distinct histories. For the genesis of the carbonaceous matter in ureilites, a two-stage model is proposed assuming the graphite crystallization from metallic phase followed by the inflow of semi-ordered graphitic carbon or amorphous carbon into the well-ordered graphitic carbon produced from the metal

Major Basic Protein, Eosinophil Cationic Protein, and Arylsulfatase in Nasal Secretions of Patients with Japanese Cedar Pollinosis

In 15 patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis and 10 healthy control subjects, levels of major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and arylsulfatase B (As) in the nasal secretions were examined before and after challenge with Japanese cedar pollen extract. The MBP and ECP levels in the patients were significantly higher 30 min after challenge than those before challenge (P &#60; 0.005). MBP and ECP levels after challenge were significantly higher in the nasal secretions of patients than in the controls (MBP: P &#60; 0.01, ECP: P &#60; 0.05). The level of As after challenge was significantly higher in the nasal secretions of patients than in the controls. These results suggest that eosinophils activate or modify the immediate, nasal allergic reaction and have a role in regulating immunological responses.</p

Allergens of the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, in patients with mite allergic rhinitis: a clinical investigation by intracutaneous skin tests and nasal provocation tests.

To determine the allergens of mite allergic rhinitis, we studied 31 patients with mite allergic rhinitis by skin tests and nasal provocation tests (15 for skin and 16 for nasal tests) using 6 fractions of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) extract differing in molecular weights (15, 25, 32, 53, 95 and 190 kDMW). In skin testing, patients showed intense positive reactions to the fractions of 15, 25, 32, 95 and 190 kDMW, among which the most patients showed positive reactions to the fractions of 15 and 25 kDMW. Significant differences were found in patients' positive reactivity among each fraction and between low (15 and 25 kD) and high (95 and 190 kD) molecular weight fractions as well. In nasal provocation tests, patients showed intense positive reactions to the fractions of 15, 32, 53 and 95 kDMW, especially to the fractions of 15 and 95 kDMW. Furthermore, the insidence of positive reactions to the 15 kDMW fraction was significantly higher than that to any other fraction in the skin tests (P &#60; 0.05). From these results, the low molecular weight fraction, 15 kDMW, is considered to be the main allergen of this mite and the high molecular weight fractions, 95 and 190 kDMW, may also be considered to be allergens of this mite.</p

Allergens of the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, in patients with mite allergic rhinitis: a clinical investigation by intracutaneous skin tests and nasal provocation tests.

To determine the allergens of mite allergic rhinitis, we studied 31 patients with mite allergic rhinitis by skin tests and nasal provocation tests (15 for skin and 16 for nasal tests) using 6 fractions of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) extract differing in molecular weights (15, 25, 32, 53, 95 and 190 kDMW). In skin testing, patients showed intense positive reactions to the fractions of 15, 25, 32, 95 and 190 kDMW, among which the most patients showed positive reactions to the fractions of 15 and 25 kDMW. Significant differences were found in patients' positive reactivity among each fraction and between low (15 and 25 kD) and high (95 and 190 kD) molecular weight fractions as well. In nasal provocation tests, patients showed intense positive reactions to the fractions of 15, 32, 53 and 95 kDMW, especially to the fractions of 15 and 95 kDMW. Furthermore, the insidence of positive reactions to the 15 kDMW fraction was significantly higher than that to any other fraction in the skin tests (P &#60; 0.05). From these results, the low molecular weight fraction, 15 kDMW, is considered to be the main allergen of this mite and the high molecular weight fractions, 95 and 190 kDMW, may also be considered to be allergens of this mite.</p

子どもの居場所への参画で学生は何を学んだか : 「ちゃちゃルーム」を事例として

departmental bulletin pape

Asymmetric nature of two subunits of RAD18, a RING-type ubiquitin ligase E3, in the human RAD6A–RAD18 ternary complex

RAD18, a RING-type ubiquitin ligase (E3) that plays an essential role in post-replication repair, possesses distinct domains named RING, UBZ, SAP and the RAD6-binding domain (R6BD) and forms a dimer. RAD6, an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), stably associates with R6BD in the C-terminal portion. In this study, we established a method to distinguish between the two subunits of RAD18 by introduction of different tags, and analyzed mutant complexes. Our results, surprisingly, demonstrate that RAD6A and RAD18 form a ternary complex, RAD6A–(RAD18)2 and the presence of only one R6BD in the two RAD18 subunits is sufficient for ternary complex formation and the ligase activity. Interestingly, ligase activity of a mutant dimer lacking both R6BDs is not restored even with large amounts of RAD6A added in solution, suggesting a requirement for precise juxtaposition via interaction with R6BD. We further show that mutations in both subunits of either RING or SAP, but not UBZ, strongly reduce ligase activity, although inactivation in only one of two subunits is without effect. These results suggest an asymmetric nature of the two RAD18 subunits in the complex

チアノーゼ性心疾患に対する肺動脈絞扼術

The early and late results of pulmonary artery banding (PAB) for cyanotic heart defects in early infancy were reviewed. Nine patients were divided into two groups : Group F (five patiens) in which Fontan type repairs were expected as definitive repair in the near future ; Group A (four patients) in which anatomical repairs were programmed in the near future. Six patients had a good early postoperative course, and then consisted of three patients of Group A and three patients of Group F. The band circumference, intraoperative pulmonary-to-systemic systolic pressure ratio and arterial oxygen tension after PAB in the good cases of Group A were 20.0±1.7 mm + 1 mm for each kilogram of the infant's weight, 0.52±0.07 and 46.4±11.3 mmHg respectively. These indices in the good cases of Group F were 21.1±1.7 mm + 1 mm for each kilogram of the infant's weight, 0.55±0.02 and 38.8±1.0 mmHg respectively. The standard deviations of every index for PAB in Group F were small. Three patients of Group A have undergone successful total correction. Intraoperative pulmonary-to-systemic systolic pressure ratio of 0.5 as the index of PAB is preferable to Group A. However, only two patient of Group F were waiting for Fontan type definitive repair. For the patient especially in Group F, careful observation and well-timed staged repair with regard to subaortic stenosis and restrictive atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect are necessary after accurate PAB as mentioned above