The development of “Ultimate Rudder” for EEDI

EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) came into effect mandatory in Jan. 2013, and the ship owners definitely required a higher efficiency propulsion system than ever before. Hence, the shipyards have been conducting an optimization of ESD (Energy Saving Device) system in self-propulsion test for each project. As the results, the shipyards have installed a rudder bulb as an effective ESD. The rudder bulb is a popular ESD system from a long time ago. Mewis1) described that the rudder bulb was developed by Costa in 1952 and the efficiency improve by the rudder bulb for a container vessel was 1% on average. Fujii et al.2) developed “MIPB (Mitsui Integrated Propeller Boss)” as an advanced rudder bulb. The feature of MIPB was a streamlined profile from propeller cap to rudder. According to their paper, the efficiency improve by installing MIPB was 2-4%. Recently, NAKASHIMA PROPELLER Co., Ltd. developed ECO-Cap (economical propeller cap)3) as a new ESD with FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics). The strength of FRP is higher than that of NAB (Nickel Aluminium Bronze), therefore ECO-Cap was able to adopt thin fins on propeller caps for low resistance. Although the material used for the energy- saving propeller cap was generally NAB, the research results on FRP showed that FRP could be used as ESD due to their properties such as lightweight and flexibility. As explained above, the authors thought that there was a possibility to evolve the rudder bulb profile using the easily moldable FRP compared with NAB. This paper described about the development of “Ultimate Rudder” of new design concept by FRP. The authors optimized the profile of “Ultimate Rudder” by CFD and confirmed the efficiency increase from 4.9 to 5.4% in self-propulsion test

Z Boson Propagator Correction in Technicolor Theories with ETC Effects Included

We calculate the Z boson propagator correction, as described by the S parameter, in technicolor theories with extended technicolor interactions included. Our method is to solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the requisite current-current correlation functions. Our results suggest that the inclusion of extended technicolor interactions has a relatively small effect on S.Comment: 15pages, 8 figure

Study on the rudder characteristics of ultimate rudder by numerical calculation

The authors invented Ultimate Rudder3) as the rudder with bulb. The authors calculated the rudder characteristics of the normal rudder and Ultimate Rudder by CFD at several steering angles and compared these values. The result showed that regardless of the presence or absence of the bulb, signs of separation appear on the control surface with a steering angle of 20 deg. to 30 deg. and regarding the steering torque coefficient, it was found that the steering torque coefficient of Ultimate Rudder is larger than the normal Rudder when the steering angle is less than 20 deg. and also the steering torque coefficient can be decreased by changing the shape of the rudder bulb

Deep Learning for Echocardiography

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) could detect regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs) and differentiate groups of coronary infarction territories from conventional 2-dimensional echocardiographic images compared with cardiologist/sonographer or resident readers. Background: An effective intervention for reduction of misreading of RWMAs is needed. We hypothesized that a DCNN trained with echocardiographic images may provide improved detection of RWMAs in the clinical setting. Methods: A total of 300 patients with history of myocardial infarction were enrolled. In this cohort, 100 each had infarctions of the left anterior descending branch (LAD), left circumflex branch (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA). The age-matched 100 control patients with normal wall motion were selected from our database. Each case contained cardiac ultrasound images from short axis views at end-diastolic, mid-systolic and end-systolic phases. After 100 steps of training, diagnostic accuracies were calculated on the test set. We independently trained 10 versions of the same model, and performed ensemble predictions with them. Results: For detection of the presence of wall motion abnormality, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) by deep learning algorithm was similar to that by cardiologist/sonographer readers (0.99 vs. 0.98, p =0.15), and significantly higher than the AUC by resident readers (0.99 vs. 0.90, p =0.002). For detection of territories of wall motion abnormality, the AUC by the deep learning algorithm was similar to the AUC by cardiologist/sonographer readers (0.97 vs. 0.95, p =0.61) and significantly higher than the AUC by resident readers (0.97 vs. 0.83, p =0.003). In a validation group from an independent site (n=40), the AUC by the DL algorithm was 0.90. Conclusions: Our results support the possibility of DCNN use for automated diagnosis of RWMAs in the field of echocardiography

ブラゼルトン新生児行動評価の臨床活用

我々はこれまでブラゼルトン新生児行動評価法（NBAS）を未熟児やリスクを有する成熟児の早期発達評価と介入手段として応用してきた。今回は未熟児を対象にNBASの評価結果から発達障害を予測された児の新生児行動上の特性を4つの行動系に分けて整理し，我々の実施している早期療育プログラムについて報告した。また，これまでフォローした児について発達経過を加えた。We have applied the Brazelton\u27s Neonatal Behaviour Assessment Scale (NBAS) for the evaluation of early development stages in both premature infants, and mature risk infants, as well as for the clinical application of early intervention method. This paper reports the neonatal behaviour peculiarities of premature infants forecast by NBAS to have mental-motor delays. This paper also report on our practical application of the early intervention program. Finally, we conclude with the progress made in these infant\u27s developments

Effect of Reduction in Thickness and Rolling Conditions on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Rolled Mg-8Al-1Zn-1Ca Alloy

A cast Mg-8Al-1Zn-1Ca magnesium alloy was multipass hot rolled at different sample and roll temperatures. The effect of the rolling conditions and reduction in thickness on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The optimal combination of the ultimate tensile strength, 351 MPa, yield strength, 304 MPa, and ductility, 12.2%, was obtained with the 3 mm thick Mg-8Al-1Zn-1Ca rolled sheet, which was produced with a roll temperature of 80°C and sample temperature of 430°C. This rolling process resulted in the formation of a bimodal structure in the α-Mg matrix, which consequently led to good ductility and high strength, exclusively by the hot rolling process. The 3 mm thick rolled sheet exhibited fine (mean grain size of 2.7 μm) and coarse grain regions (mean grain size of 13.6 μm) with area fractions of 29% and 71%, respectively. In summary, the balance between the strength and ductility was enhanced by the grain refinement of the α-Mg matrix and by controlling the frequency and orientation of the grains

Two Cases of Multiple Carcinoid Tumors and Gastric Enterochromaffin-like Cell Hyperplasia, Dysplasia and Neoplasia in Type A Gastritis

We describe two cases of multiple carcinoids and hyperplasia, dysplasia and neoplasia of enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells associated with atrophic gastritis type A in the stomach. Multiple polypoid lesions measuring 1 cm showed upper gastroendoscopic features. They were all found in the upper body of the stomach. All polypoid lesions with carcinoid foci were observed from the deeper layers of the propria mucosa to the submucosa and were surrounded by ECL cells. In one case, the serum gastrin level which was as high as 1700 pg/mi, returned to normal range (17 pg/ml) after gastrectomy. It is suggested that longstanding hypergastrinemia may have played a causative role in the development of multiple gastric carcinoid tumors. A total gastrectomy was considered essential for treatment of aggressive multiple carcinoid tumors with hypergastrinemia

Anti-Siglec-15 antibody suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast multinucleation without attenuating bone formation

Anti-resorptive drugs are widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis, but excessive inhibition of osteoclastogenesis can suppress bone turnover and cause the deterioration of bone quality. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15) is a transmembrane protein expressed on osteoclast precursor cells and mature osteoclasts. Siglec-15 regulates proteins containing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) domains, which then induce nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), a master transcription factor of osteoclast differentiation. Anti-Siglec-15 antibody modulates ITAM signaling in osteoclast precursors and inhibits the maturation of osteoclasts in vitro. However, in situ pharmacological effects, particularly during postmenopausal osteoporosis, remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that anti-Siglec-15 antibody treatment protected against ovariectomy-induced bone loss by specifically inhibiting the generation of multinucleated osteoclasts in vivo. Moreover, treatment with anti-Siglec-15 antibody maintained bone formation to a greater extent than with risedronate, the first-line treatment for osteoporosis. Intravital imaging revealed that anti-Siglec-15 antibody treatment did not cause a reduction in osteoclast motility, whereas osteoclast motility declined following risedronate treatment. We evaluated osteoclast activity using a pH-sensing probe and found that the bone resorptive ability of osteoclasts was lower following anti-Siglec-15 antibody treatment compared to after risedronate treatment. Our findings suggest that anti-Siglec-15 treatment may have potential as an anti-resorptive therapy for osteoporosis, which substantially inhibits the activity of osteoclasts while maintaining physiological bone coupling.Tsukazaki H., Kikuta J., Ao T., et al. Anti-Siglec-15 antibody suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast multinucleation without attenuating bone formation. Bone 152, 116095 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2021.116095