5,836 research outputs found
Re/Os constraint on the time-variability of the fine-structure constant
We argue that the accuracy by which the isochron parameters of the decay
are determined by dating iron meteorites may
not directly constrain the possible time-dependence of the decay rate and hence
of the fine-structure constant . From this point of view, some of the
attempts to analyze the Oklo constraint and the results of the QSO absorption
lines are re-examined.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures; v2, revised top sentence on p.
Super-soft symmetry energy encountering non-Newtonian gravity in neutron stars
Considering the non-Newtonian gravity proposed in the grand unification
theories, we show that the stability and observed global properties of neutron
stars can not rule out the super-soft nuclear symmetry energies at
supra-saturation densities. The degree of possible violation of the
Inverse-Square-Law of gravity in neutron stars is estimated using an Equation
of State (EOS) of neutron-rich nuclear matter consistent with the available
terrestrial laboratory data.Comment: Version accepted by Physical Review Letter
Asymptotic form of two-point correlation function of the XXZ spin chain
Correlation functions of the XXZ spin chain in the critical regime is studied
at zero-temperature. They are exactly represented in the Fredholm determinant
form and are related with an operator-valued Riemann-Hilbert problem. Analyzing
this problem we prove that a two-point correlation function consisting of
sufficiently separated spin operators is expressed by power-functions of the
distance between those operators.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX2e (+ amssymb, amsthm); Proof of Lemma 1 is revise
SiO Maser Survey of the Large-Amplitude Variables in the Galactic Center
We have surveyed ~400 known large-amplitude variables within 15' of the
galactic center in the SiO J=1--0 v=1 and 2 maser lines at 43 GHz, resulting in
179 detections. SiO lines were also detected from 16 other resulting in 180
detections. SiO lines were also detected from 16 other sources, which are
located within 20" (the telescope half beamwidth) of the program objects. The
detection rate of 48 percent is comparable to that obtained in Bulge IRAS
source surveys. Among the SiO detections, five stars have radial velocities
greater than 200 km/s. The SiO detection rate increases steeply with the period
of light variation, particularly for stars with P>500 d, where it exceeds 80%.
We found that, at a given period, the SiO detection rate is approximately three
times that for OH. These facts suggest that the large-amplitude variables in
the Nuclear Disk region are AGB stars similar in their overall properties to
the inner and outer Bulge IRAS/SiO sources. From the set of radial velocity
data, the mass distribution within 30 pc of the galactic center is derived by a
new method which is based on the collisionless Boltzmann equation integrated
along the line of sight. The mass within 30 pc is about 6.4 [\pm 0.7] \times
10^7 M_{\odot} and the mass of the central black hole is 2.7 [\pm 1.3] \times
10^6 M_{\odot}. Consideration of the line-of-sight velocity of each star and
its potential energy leads to the conclusion that the five high-velocity stars
come from galactocentric distances as high as 300 pc. The high-velocity
subsample of stars with negative radial velocities exhibits a tendency to have
brighter K magnitudes than the subsample of stars with positive velocities. The
origin of these high-velocity stars is discussed.Comment: Hires. figures are available as No.604 of NRO report at
http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/library/report/list.html . PASJ 56 (april 28 issue)
in pres
A two-scalar model for a small but nonzero cosmological constant
We revisit a model of the two-scalar system proposed previously for
understanding a small but nonzero cosmological constant. The model provides
solutions of the scalar-fields energy which behaves truly constant for
a limited time interval rather than in the way of tracker- or scaling-type
variations. This causes a mini-inflation, as indicated by recent observations.
As another novel feature, and the ordinary matter density
fall off always side by side, but interlacing, also like (time) as an
overall behavior in conformity with the scenario of a decaying cosmological
constant. A mini-inflation occurs whenever overtakes , which
may happen more than once, shedding a new light on the coincidence problem. We
present a new example of the solution, and offer an intuitive interpretation of
the mechanism of the nonlinear dynamics. We also discuss a chaos-like nature of
the solution.Comment: 9 pages plus 7 figure
SiO Maser Survey of IRAS Sources in the Inner Galactic Disk
We have surveyed 401 color selected IRAS sources in the Galactic disk in the
SiO J=1--0 v= 1 and 2 maser lines at 43 GHz, resulting in 254 (239 new)
detections. The observed sources lie mostly in a strip of the inner Galactic
disk with boundaries -10<l<40 deg and |b|<3 deg. This survey provides radial
velocities of inner-disk stars for which optical measurements cannot be made
due to interstellar extinction. The SiO -- diagram in the area lv$ map does, indicating a slight difference of stellar
type between SiO and OH emitting stars. After identifying all of the SiO
detected sources in the 2MASS near-infrared catalog, we computed their
luminosity distances based on the infrared fluxes. We then mapped these objects
onto the first quadrant of the Galactic plane. Combining the distances with the
SiO radial-velocities, we obtained a pattern speed for SiO maser sources,
Omega_P=21 (+- 13) km s^{-1} kpc^{-1}, between the distances 1 and 5.5 kpc,
without the use of any dynamical models. The increase of the pattern speed
toward the Galactic center (up to 60 km s^{-1} kpc^{-1} between the distances,
5.5 and 7 kpc) suggests the presence of two pattern speeds in the Galaxy.Comment: 38 page 9 figures, high res. eps files are available as NRO report
No. 608 (http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/library/report/list.html). PASJ 56 No. 4 in
pres
Detections of SiO Masers from the Large-Amplitude Variables in the Galactic Nuclear Disk
We have surveyed known large-amplitude variables within 15' of the Galactic
center in the SiO J=1-0 v=1 and 2 maser lines at 43 GHz, resulting in 79
detections and 58 non-detections. The detection rate of 58 percent is
comparable to that obtained in Bulge IRAS source surveys. SiO lines were also
detected from four other sources near the program objects. The SiO detection
rate increases steeply with the period, particularly for stars with P>500 d,
where it exceeds 80%. We found at a given period that the SiO detection rate is
approximately double that for OH. These facts suggest that the large-amplitude
variables in the Nuclear Disk region are AGB stars similar in their overall
properties to the inner and outer bulge IRAS/SiO sources.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 Table. PASJ 54, No 2 April 25 issue in pres
Optical Conductivity of the Trellis-Lattice t-J Model: Charge Fluctuations in NaV_2O_5
Optical conductivity of the trellis lattice t-J model at quarter filling is
calculated by an exact-diagonalization technique on small clusters, whereby the
valence state of V ions of NaV_2O_5 is considered. We show that the
experimental features at \sim 1 eV, including peak positions, presence of
shoulders, and anisotropic spectral weight, can be reproduced in reasonable
range of parameter values, only by assuming that the system is in the charge
disproportionated ground state. Possible reconciliation with experimental data
suggesting the presence of uniform ladders at T>T_c is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 gif figures. Minor revisions have been made. Hardcopies of
figures (or the entire manuscript) can be obtained by e-mail request to
[email protected]
Assessment of Technologies for Reducing CO2 Emission
There are a wide variety of technologies for reducing CO2 emissions, of which a greater part are those of energy technologies. The paper aims at assessing these technologies with regional differences of technology characteristics taken into account. The first part examines merits and demerits of individual technology, and thus envisages its possible future. The second part describes a global energy model, which generates comprehensive long term future scenarios of energy and CO2 emission in various regions of the world
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