Melt pool size of optical glass irradiated by semiconductor laser

ABSTRACTUsing a continuous laser to soften glass locally is a novel way of selective glass forming. Due to gaussian distribution of laser power density, a temperature gradient will be generated on glass treated with localized irradiation by laser, which brings about the coexistence of a glass state and a viscoelastic state. This situation creates a bulge on the surface of the softened area. Based on this phenomenon, we propose a measurement approach and a calculation model for the softening zone width of glass irradiated locally by laser and verify the calculation model through simulations and experiments. The maximum temperature deviation of the proposed temperature field prediction model is 4.7°C, while the minimum deviation is 0.53°C; making the deviation between the calculation model of the softening zone width and the experimental measurement result less than 0.319%

Overexpression of TaBADH increases the salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

Soil salinization is an important threat to wheat growth and production. Previous transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) gene differed significantly between the cultivars with strong and weak salinity tolerance. Herein, the BADH gene from the wheat cultivar Dongnongdongmai 1 was cloned and transformed into the wild-type Arabidopsis to identify its function in salt tolerance. The root length was detected respectively at 0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM and 20mM Nacl for 7d. The relative electrolytic leakage (REL), GB content and BADH activity were measured at 150 mM Nacl for1d and 3 d . The result, the BADH activity and GB content of TaBADH -overexpressed transgenic (TaBADHOE) lines were significantly higher than the wild type. Salt stress analysis showed that the root length of TaBADHOE lines 4, line 18, and line 19 were 0.44cm, 0.54cm and 0.35cm, respectively, which were significantly longer than 0.24cm of wild type in the media containing 150 mM NaCl for 7d. In addition, the REL of transgenic line 4, line 18 and line 19 respectively were 0.37, 0.33, 0.42, respectively, which significantly lower than 0.63 of wild type in media containing 150 mM NaCl for 3d. These results demonstrate that TaBADH significantly increased plant salt tolerance, indicating genetic transformation of TaBADH may be an effective and sustainable breeding method for increasing salt tolerance in wheat cultivars.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Differences in Genes of Antioxidative Defense Components and Cold-Related Proteins in Winter and Spring Wheat during Cold Acclimation

Recent findings suggest that cold acclimation can enhance cold resistance in wheat. Dongnongdongmai 1 (DM1) is a winter wheat variety that can overwinter at −30 °C; however, its cold acclimation mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we elucidated the potential mechanisms of cold acclimation in DM1 and the China Spring (CS) variety, especially the role of the antioxidant system, using transcriptome and physiological analyses. Cold stress increased H2O2 and O2− production in both varieties; however, CS had higher contents of H2O2 and O2− than DM1. Moreover, cold significantly increased ROS-scavenging activities in DM1, especially at 30 days after exposure. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed peroxidase (POD) genes were enriched in antioxidant activity, with most POD genes being significantly upregulated in DM1 under cold acclimation. Additionally, cold acclimation increased the expression of cold acclimation protein (CAP), late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), and cold-responsive genes in both varieties, with higher expression levels in DM1. Overall, the results showed that DM1 exhibited a higher cold tolerance than CS during cold acclimation by increasing the expression of POD genes, LEA, CAP, and cold-responsive proteins, improving the understanding of the mechanism of cold resistance in DM1