Повседневность в рассказах Бориса Екимова

Boris Ekimov’s stories of the 2000s which formed the collection “Saturday of Souls” are analyzed in the present article. The writer doesn’t set the purpose to recreate peasants’ Atlantis but perceives today of the village as a reality in which a person lives. The concepts of “daily life” and “daily occurrence” are differentiated in the article as the ones that have different extension and occur at different times. Daily life is classified as sacral, it is one of the manifestations of existence, while daily occurrence assumes an appeal to the private life of an ordinary person in the present and his/her inclusiveness into the civilized everyday life. The study of the everyday life of B. Ekimov’s characters that allowed him to describe the current state of the village, which is characterized by the daily life coordinates reduction, has become the purpose of this article. The deformed connections between people in the literary world of the writer are, first of all, demonstrated in the transformation of the image of the master and changes in the character of the neighborhood relationsВ настоящей статье анализируются рассказы Бориса Екимова 2000-х годов, составивших сборник «Родительская суббота». Писатель не ставит целью воссоздать крестьянскую Атлантиду, а воспринимает сегодняшний день деревни как данность, в которой живет человек. В статье разграничиваются понятия «быт» и «повседневность» как разнообъемные и разновременные. Быт отнесен к сакральному, это одно из проявлений бытия, повседневность же предполагает обращение к приватной жизни обычного человека в настоящем, его включенность в цивилизационный обиход. Целью статьи стало исследование повседневной жизни героев Б. Екимова, позволяющей ему описать современное состояние деревни, характеризующееся редуцированностью бытийных координат. В художественном мире писателя деформированные связи между людьми проявляются, в первую очередь, в трансформации образа хозяина и изменении характера соседских отношений

The organization of the rating system for assessing the quality of university students training

In spite the universities use the rating system of assessing for a quite long time, this issue is still not fully considered. The article is based on the position of insufficient state of knowledge of the multifunctionality of the students rating. The rating helps to reveal the potential of students. It is mentioned that the rating system of assessment is a tool that will improve the quality of training and provide the required level of motivation. During the research, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction. As a result, the principles of the rating assessment system were revealed, a definition of the term "Rating" was given, its goals were indicated. As an example of the organization of the rating system of assessment, the Nyzhnii Novhorod State Pedagogical University and its "Regulations on the rating system for assessing the quality of student training" were used. It is noted that the rating includes: current check, midterm and final examinations. Further, all possible conditions under which the student receives points were identified and considered. On the example of the NSPU named after Kozma Minin transferring of the rating points into a five-point grading rating system is presented. Also, the types of violations for which points are discarded, are considered. As the study showed, comprehensive planned system yields productive results for students and the university.peer-reviewe

Types of Higher Education Services Consumption in Russia: Transformation Factors in Focus

The paper briefly describes the composition of socio-technological, socio-managerial, socio-economic, socio-psychological factors that have influenced the change in the motives of purchasing behavior of modern Russians in the market of educational services in the field of higher education. In particular, the major focus is on the introduction of advanced information and communication technologies in the organized educational process. The study also considers (1) the change of conceptual approaches to the organization of the higher education system in favor of practice-oriented learning; (2) the “obsolescence” of the content of educational programs of higher education; (3) the decline in the quality of services offered on the Russian adult education market, and (4) the mismatch of consumer motives in the minds of the family acting as a collective participant in the educational services market. The author’s also present their expert views on the vectors of further development of the market of services in the field of Russian higher education

Metal-Templated Assembly of Cyclopropane-Fused Diazepanones and Diazecanones via exo-trig Nucleophilic Cyclization of Cyclopropenes with Tethered Carbamates

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.8b02062.A strain-release-driven, cation-templated nucleophilic 7- and 8-exo-trig-cyclization of tethered Boc-protected amines to cyclopropenes is described. The featured reaction proceeds in diastereo- and regioselective fashion and allows for preparation of the corresponding 2,5-diazabicyclo[5.1.0]octan-6-ones and 2,6-diazabicyclo[6.1.0]nonan-7-ones as sole products in high yields. Preliminary studies on anticancer activities of these novel cyclopropane-fused medium heterocycles were performed

Microorganisms for bioremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals

Heavy-metal contaminants are one of the most relevant problems of contemporary agriculture. High toxicity and the ability to accumulate in soils and crops pose a serious threat to food security. To solve this problem, it is necessary to accelerate the pace of restoration of disturbed agricultural lands. Bioremediation is an effective treatment for agricultural soil pollution. It relies on the ability of microorganisms to remove pollutants. The purpose of this study is to create a consortium based on microorganisms isolated from technogenic sites for further development in the field of soil restoration in agriculture. In the study, promising strains that can remove heavy metals from experimental media were selected: Pantoea sp., Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Rhizobium radiobacter, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. On their basis, consortiums were compiled, which were investigated for the ability to remove heavy metals from nutrient media, as well as to produce phytohormones. The most effective was Consortium D, which included Achromobacter denitrificans, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Rhizobium radiobacter in a ratio of 1:1:2, respectively. The ability of this consortium to produce indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid was 18.03 μg/L and 2.02 μg/L, respectively; the absorption capacity for heavy metals from the experimental media was Cd (56.39 mg/L), Hg (58.03 mg/L), As (61.17 mg/L), Pb (91.13 mg/L), and Ni (98.22 mg/L). Consortium D has also been found to be effective in conditions of mixed heavy-metal contamination. Due to the fact that the further use of the consortium will be focused on the soil of agricultural land cleanup, its ability to intensify the process of phytoremediation has been studied. The combined use of Trifolium pratense L. and the developed consortium ensured the removal of about 32% Pb, 15% As, 13% Hg, 31% Ni, and 25% Cd from the soil. Further research will be aimed at developing a biological product to improve the efficiency of remediation of lands withdrawn from agricultural use

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Повседневность в рассказах Бориса Екимова

Boris Ekimov’s stories of the 2000s which formed the collection “Saturday of Souls” are analyzed in the present article. The writer doesn’t set the purpose to recreate peasants’ Atlantis but perceives today of the village as a reality in which a person lives. The concepts of “daily life” and “daily occurrence” are differentiated in the article as the ones that have different extension and occur at different times. Daily life is classified as sacral, it is one of the manifestations of existence, while daily occurrence assumes an appeal to the private life of an ordinary person in the present and his/her inclusiveness into the civilized everyday life. The study of the everyday life of B. Ekimov’s characters that allowed him to describe the current state of the village, which is characterized by the daily life coordinates reduction, has become the purpose of this article. The deformed connections between people in the literary world of the writer are, first of all, demonstrated in the transformation of the image of the master and changes in the character of the neighborhood relationsВ настоящей статье анализируются рассказы Бориса Екимова 2000-х годов, составивших сборник «Родительская суббота». Писатель не ставит целью воссоздать крестьянскую Атлантиду, а воспринимает сегодняшний день деревни как данность, в которой живет человек. В статье разграничиваются понятия «быт» и «повседневность» как разнообъемные и разновременные. Быт отнесен к сакральному, это одно из проявлений бытия, повседневность же предполагает обращение к приватной жизни обычного человека в настоящем, его включенность в цивилизационный обиход. Целью статьи стало исследование повседневной жизни героев Б. Екимова, позволяющей ему описать современное состояние деревни, характеризующееся редуцированностью бытийных координат. В художественном мире писателя деформированные связи между людьми проявляются, в первую очередь, в трансформации образа хозяина и изменении характера соседских отношений

Medium-Temperature Glass-Composite Phosphate Materials for the Immobilization of Chloride Radioactive Waste

Among the many radiochemical problems, the search for new materials and technologies for the immobilization of radioactive waste remains relevant, and the range continues to change and expand. The possibility of immobilizing the spent chloride electrolyte after the pyrochemical processing of the mixed uranium-plutonium spent nuclear fuel of the new fast reactor BREST-OD-300 on lead coolant into glass-composite phosphate materials synthesized at temperatures of 650–750 °C was studied. The structure of the obtained samples was studied using XRD and SEM/EDS methods. It has been shown that the spent electrolyte simulator components create stable mixed pyrophosphate phases in the glass composite structure. The materials were found to have high hydrolytic stability. This indicates the promise of using phosphate glass composites as materials for the reliable immobilization of the spent electrolyte

Medium-Temperature Phosphate Glass Composite Material as a Matrix for the Immobilization of High-Level Waste Containing Volatile Radionuclides

The search for matrices and technological solutions for the reliable immobilization of volatile radionuclides and high-level waste (HLW) components is an actual radiochemical problem. Methods of obtaining of sodium alumino-iron phosphate (NAFP) and iron phosphate (FP) glass composite materials synthesized at temperatures of 450–750 °C, their structure and hydrolytic stability were investigated in this paper. The structure of the samples was studied by XRD and SEM-EDS. It was shown that, in the case of FP materials, the phase composition varies depending on the synthesis temperature, while NAFP materials have a complex multiphase composition at all crystallization temperatures. It has been established that the samples of the obtained glass composite materials have a high hydrolytic stability. At the same time, FP material obtained at 650 °C are the most stable, which makes this medium-temperature method of synthesis promising for the immobilization of volatile HLW components

Medium-Temperature Phosphate Glass Composite Material as a Matrix for the Immobilization of High-Level Waste Containing Volatile Radionuclides

The search for matrices and technological solutions for the reliable immobilization of volatile radionuclides and high-level waste (HLW) components is an actual radiochemical problem. Methods of obtaining of sodium alumino-iron phosphate (NAFP) and iron phosphate (FP) glass composite materials synthesized at temperatures of 450–750 °C, their structure and hydrolytic stability were investigated in this paper. The structure of the samples was studied by XRD and SEM-EDS. It was shown that, in the case of FP materials, the phase composition varies depending on the synthesis temperature, while NAFP materials have a complex multiphase composition at all crystallization temperatures. It has been established that the samples of the obtained glass composite materials have a high hydrolytic stability. At the same time, FP material obtained at 650 °C are the most stable, which makes this medium-temperature method of synthesis promising for the immobilization of volatile HLW components