Stability and hyperfine structure of the four- and five-body muon-atomic clusters a+b+μ−e−a^{+} b^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-} and a+b+μ−e−e−a^{+} b^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-} e^{-}

Based on the results of accurate variational calculations we demonstrate stability of the five-body negatively charged ions $a^{+} b^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-} e^{-}$. Each of these five-body ions contains two electrons $e^{-}$, one negatively charged muon $\mu^{-}$ and two nuclei of the hydrogen isotopes $a, b = (p, d, t)$. The bound state properties of these five-body ions, including their hyperfine structure, are briefly discussed. We also investigate the hyperfine structure of the ground states of the four-body muonic quasi-atoms $a^{+} b^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-}$. In particular, we determine the hyperfine structure splittings for the ground state of the four-body muonic quasi-atoms: $p^{+} d^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-}$ and $p^{+} t^{+} \mu^{-} e^{-}$

Bound state spectra of three-body muonic molecular ions

The results of highly accurate calculations are presented for all twenty-two known bound $S(L = 0)-, P(L = 1)-, D(L = 2)-$ and $F(L = 3)-$states in the six three-body muonic molecular ions $pp\mu, pd\mu, pt\mu, dd\mu, dt\mu$ and $tt\mu$. A number of bound state properties of these muonic molecular ions have been determined numerically to high accuracy. The dependence of the total energies of these muonic molecules upon particle masses is considered. We also discuss the current status of muon-catalysis of nuclear fusion reactions.Comment: This is the final version. All `techical' troubles with the Latex-file have been resolved. A few misprints/mistakes in the text were correcte

Analytic Evaluation of Four-Particle Integrals with Complex Parameters

The method for analytic evaluation of four-particle integrals, proposed by Fromm and Hill, is generalized to include complex exponential parameters. An original procedure of numerical branch tracking for multiple valued functions is developed. It allows high precision variational solution of the Coulomb four-body problem in a basis of exponential-trigonometric functions of interparticle separations. Numerical results demonstrate high efficiency and versatility of the new method.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОНИКАЮЩЕЙ И НЕПРОНИКАЮЩЕЙ ХИРУРГИИ КАК МЕТОДЫ ВЫБОРА ПРИ ГЛАУКОМЕ

Surgical methods for the treatment of glaucoma are used when other treatments are not effective to maintain intraocular pressure under control. Regardless of the method of choice of surgical treatment of glaucoma, penetrating and non-penetrating surgical intervention violates the integrity of the eyeball and causes a variety of complications. Some of these complications can threaten the vision as a whole. To keep complications to a minimum, it is important to know how to prevent, recognize and treat. One of the main problems of glaucoma surgery is scarring of the previously established ways of outflow of the experiences of all the researchers, who today are in search of new methods of prevention, means and methods for modulation of the process of excessive fibrosis of granulation tissue in the area of operations. The purpose of this article is to give an idea of some of the complications, advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of penetrating and non-penetrating surgical treatment, the use of different types of drains and the creation of new ways of outflow of intraocular fluid, which will help doctors in the future to improve the chosen techniques in the treatment of glaucoma patients in their clinical practice and to develop new methods against early scarring created outflow pathways and the extension of the hypotensive effect after surgery glaucoma.Хирургические методы лечения глаукомы применяются, когда другие методы лечения неэффективны, чтобы поддерживать внутриглазное давление под контролем. Вне зависимости от метода выбора оперативного лечения глаукомы, проникающий или непроникающий, хирургическое вмешательство нарушает целостность глазного яблока и вызывает различные осложнения. Некоторые из этих осложнений могут представлять угрозу для зрения в целом. Чтобы свести осложнения к минимуму, очень важно знать, как их предотвратить, распознать и лечить. Одной из главных проблем хирургии глаукомы является раннее рубцевание созданных путей оттока, с чем сталкиваются все исследователи, которые по сегодняшний день в поисках новых методов профилактики, средств и способов, редуцирующих неконтролируемый процесс чрезмерного фиброзирования хирургически созданного нового участка фильтрации. Цель данной статьи заключается в том, чтобы дать представление о некоторых осложнениях, недостатках и преимуществах основных методов проникающего и непроникающего хирургического лечения, использования различных видов дренажей и создания новых путей оттока внутриглазной жидкости, которые помогут врачам в будущем усовершенствовать выбранные методики в лечении глаукомы пациентов в их клинической практике, а также выработать новые методы по борьбе с ранним рубцеванием созданных путей оттока и продлению гипотензивного эффекта после хирургического вмешательства глаукомы

Analytical formula for the Uehling potential

The closed analytical expression for the Uehling potential is derived. The Uehling potential describes the lowest-order correction on vacuum polarisation in atomic and muon-atomic systems. We also derive the analytical formula for the interaction potential between two electrically charged point particles which includes correction to the vacuum polarisation, but has correct asymptotic behaviour at larger $r$. Our three-term analytical formula for the Uehling potential opens a new avenue in the study of the vacuum polarisation in light atomic systems.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1103.204

Отдаленные результаты межслойной кератопластики в хирургической коррекции миопии и астигматизма высокой степени

The Department of eye diseases and ophthalmology of Peoples' Friendship University of Russian has devised a method of the interlamellar circular, tunnel and sectoral keratoplasty for surgical correction of myopia and astigmatism of high degrees. In this article we have analyzed the results of our method. In total 140 operations were performed on 99 patients with follow-up period up to 13 years. 443 alloimplants were transplanted into the layers of the cornea and in 96.83% of cases (429 implants) transparent engraftment of the implants was achieved. Interlamellar keratoplasty is applied for correction of high myopia from 8.5 diopters up to 17.0 diopters; simple, complex myopic and mixed astigmatism from 3.5 diopters up to 9.5 diopters. The significant advantages of the interlamellar keratoplasty are: small trauma, lack of deep incisions of the cornea, the intact optical center of the cornea 6,0 mm, controllability of the refractive effect by replacing of alloimplants or their complete removal, if it is necessary, without any consequences for cornea.На кафедре глазных болезней и офтальмологии ФПКМР Российского университета дружбы народов для хирургической коррекции миопии и астигматизма высоких степеней разработана методика межслойной кольцевой, тоннельной и секторальной кератопластики. Проведен анализ результатов ее применения у пациентов с различными нарушениями рефракции. Всего произведено 140 операций у 99 больных со сроком наблюдения до 13 лет. В слои роговицы пересажено 443 аллоимплантатов и в 96,83% случаях (429 имплантата) получено прозрачное приживление. Межслойная кератопластика применена с целью коррекции миопии высокой степени - от 8,5 дптр. до 17,0 дптр; простого, сложного миопического и смешанного астигматизма - степенью от 3,5 дптр. до 9,5 дптр. Существенными преимуществами данных рефракционных операций являются отсутствие глубоких надрезов на роговице, широкий оптический центр, а также управляемость рефракционным эффектом в послеоперационном периоде путем замены имплантатов или при необходимости их полного удаления без особых последствий для роговицы

Semiclassical quantization of rotating superstring in AdS_5 x S^5

Motivated by recent proposals in hep-th/0202021 and hep-th/0204051 we develop semiclassical quantization of superstring in $AdS_5 x S^5$. We start with a classical solution describing string rotating in $AdS_5$ and boosted along large circle of $S^5$. The energy of the classical solution $E$ is a function of the spin $S$ and the momentum $J$ (R-charge) which interpolates between the limiting cases S=0 and J=0 considered previously. We derive the corresponding quadratic fluctuation action for bosonic and fermionic fields from the GS string action and compute the string 1-loop (large \lambda= {R^4\over \a'^2}) correction to the classical energy spectrum in the $(S,J)$ sector. We find that the 1-loop correction to the ground-state energy does not cancel for non-zero $S$. For large $S$ it scales as $\ln S$, i.e. as the classical term, with no higher powers of $\ln S$ appearing. This supports the conjecture made in hep-th/0204051 that the classical $E-S = a \ln S$ scaling can be interpolated to weak coupling to reproduce the corresponding operator anomalous dimension behaviour in gauge theory.Comment: harvmac, 35p. v2,3: minor corrections; v4: added remarks about higher-loop corrections in section 4 and an argument suggesting the absence of higher than log S corrections to the energy to all orders in string tension in section 6.1; v5: factor 1/2 misprints corrected in eqs. (6.6) and (6.8) and thus in (6.5) and (6.9

Анализ клинической эффективности и безопасности препарата CERAXON® при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме

35 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with unstabilized clinical course and normalized intraocular pressure were treated. All patients were divided into subgroups: 8 patients - with the Ist stage of POAG, 12 - with the IInd and 15 with stage III-IV. Patients were examined with clinical-ophthalmologic and instrumental methods. After the treatment by CERAXON® an improvement of visual functions were noted, accompanied by significant positive dynamics of perimetric and morphometric characteristics: average light sensitivity and defect, dispersion, average thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer. During the treatment by CERAXON® there wasn't any case of side effects, demanding drug withdrawal or change of therapeutic regimen.Пролечено 35 больных с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой с нестабилизированным течением и нормализованным офтальмотонусом. Все пациенты были разделены на подгруппы: 8 больных - I стадии ПОУГ, 12 - II стадией ПОУГ и 15 человек с III-IV стадией ПОУГ. Пациентам проводили клинико - офтальмологическое и инструментальное обследование. На фоне лечения препаратом CERAXON® отмечалось улучшение зрительных функций, сопровождавшееся достоверной положительной динамикой периметрических и морфометрических показателей: средней световой чувствительности, среднего дефекта, дисперсии, средней толщины слоя нервных волокон сетчатки. Ни у одного из больных в ходе лечения препаратом CERAXON® не зарегистрировано побочных эффектов, потребовавших отмены или изменения терапевтической схемы

Algebraic analysis of a model of two-dimensional gravity

An algebraic analysis of the Hamiltonian formulation of the model two-dimensional gravity is performed. The crucial fact is an exact coincidence of the Poisson brackets algebra of the secondary constraints of this Hamiltonian formulation with the SO(2,1)-algebra. The eigenvectors of the canonical Hamiltonian $H_{c}$ are obtained and explicitly written in closed form.Comment: 21 pages, to appear in General Relativity and Gravitatio

Electromagnetic waves in a wormhole geometry

We investigate the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a static wormhole. It is shown that the problem can be reduced to a one-dimensional Schr\"odinger-like equation with a barrier-type potential. Using numerical methods, we calculate the transmission coefficient as a function of the energy. We also discuss the polarization of the outgoing radiation due to this gravitational scattering.Comment: LaTex file, 5 pages, 2 figures, one reference added, accepted for publication in PR