Metal hydrides for concentrating solar thermal power energy storage

The development of alternative methods for thermal energy storage is important for improving the efficiency and decreasing the cost for Concentrating Solar-thermal Power (CSP). We focus on the underlying technology that allows metal hydrides to function as Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems and highlight the current state-of-the-art materials that can operate at temperatures as low as room-temperature and as high as 1100 oC. The potential of metal hydrides for thermal storage is explored while current knowledge gaps about hydride properties, such as hydride thermodynamics, intrinsic kinetics and cyclic stability, are identified. The engineering challenges associated with utilising metal hydrides for high-temperature thermal energy storage are also addressed

Values’ family flow: associations between grandparents, parents and adolescent children

The present study analyzed cross-generational trends in values and family patterns of value association across three generations (grandparents, parents and children). In this study, 101 family triads with adolescent children (N = 303) completed questionnaires assessing personal values. Grandparents’ values (Generation 1) were measured through parents’ perceptions of their own parents. In general, parents prioritize collectivist values, and there is an increased focus on individualist values across generations. Fathers’ individualist values mediate the relationship between their perceptions of grandfathers’ individualist values and grandchildren’s individualist values. There is no family association of collectivist values. The article outlines the implications of the increasing adherence to individualism and hypothesizes that the adherence of individualist values across families with adolescent children is a pathway to maintenance of family cohesion and cooperation. The role of fathers and the paternal lineage on adolescents’ acquisition of values are discussed.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia [grant number SFRH/BD/62182/200

On the Sn-loss from thin films of the material system Cu-Zn-Sn-S in high vacuum

In this paper the Sn loss from thin films of the material system Cu Zn Sn S and the sub systems Cu Sn S and Sn S in high vacuum is investigated. A combination of in situ X ray diffractometry XRD and X ray fluorescence XRF at a synchrotron light source allowed identifying phases which tend to decompose and evaporate a Sn containing compound. On the basis of the XRF results a quantification of the Sn loss from the films during annealing experiments is presented. It can be shown that the evaporation rate from the different phases is decreasing according to the order SnS amp; 8594;Cu2SnS3 amp; 8594;Cu4SnS4 amp; 8594;Cu2ZnSnS4. The Phase SnS is assigned as the evaporating compound. The influence of an additional inert gas component on the Sn loss and on the formation of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films is discusse

Cooperation and preference by peers in early childhood: A longitudinal study

Contains fulltext : 219543.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Children who are more proficient in cooperation with peers tend to be more preferred. To date, the development of peer cooperation has been studied mainly in two research traditions, one focusing on action coordination and the other focusing on interaction quality. Both aspects of cooperation are relevant for children's peer relations, but it is unclear whether both aspects of children's earliest cooperation skills predict their later preference by peers after the transition into organized social groups in school. In this study, we assessed coordination proficiency and interaction quality of 181 Dutch children longitudinally from 2 to 4 years of age. No relation between early action coordination and later preference by peers at school was found. However, especially in girls more affiliative and fewer antagonistic behaviors at age 2 predicted likeability among classmates at school at age 4. The findings shine new light on the earliest foundations of children's peer evaluations.17 p