4,520 research outputs found
Electroweak Sudakov logarithms in the Coulomb gauge
We describe a formalism for calculating electroweak Sudakov logarithms in the
Coulomb gauge. This formalism is applicable to arbitrary electroweak processes.
For illustration we focus on the specific reactions e^+e^- -> f \bar{f} and
e^+e^- -> W_T^+W_T^-, W_L^+W_L^-, which contain all the salient details of
dealing with the various types of particles. We discuss an explicit two-loop
calculation and have a critical look at the (non-)exponentiation and
factorisation properties of the Sudakov logarithms in the Standard Model.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX, uses npb.sty. Talk given at the 5th Zeuthen Workshop
on Elementary Particle Theory: Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory,
Koenigstein-Weissig, Germany, 9-14 Apr 200
Exchange Rates, Money and Relative Prices: The Dollar-Pound in the 1920's
This paper applies the analytical framework of the monetary approach to exchange rate determination to the analysis of the Dollar/Pound exchange rate during the first part of the 1920's. The analysis uses monthly data up to the return of Britain to gold in 1925. The equilibrium exchange rate is shown to be influenced by both real and monetary factors which operate through their influence on the relative demands and supplies of monies. Special attention is given to examination of the relationship between exchange rates and the relative price of traded to non-traded goods. In the empirical work the prices of traded goods are proxied by the wholesale price indices and the prices of non-traded are proxied by wages. One of the key findings of the paper is the estimate of the elasticity of the exchange rate with respect to the relative price of traded to non-traded goods. This elasticity is estimated with high precision and is shown to be .415 which provides an independent measure of the relative share of spending on non-traded goods. This estimate is consistent with other estimates obtained in studies of expenditure shares. The paper concluded with a dynamic simulation which indicates the satisfactory quality of the predictive ability of the model.
Modular Invariance and Uniqueness of Conformal Characters
We show that the conformal characters of various rational models of
W-algebras can be already uniquely determined if one merely knows the central
charge and the conformal dimensions. As a side result we develop several tools
for studying representations of SL(2,Z) on spaces of modular functions. These
methods, applied here only to certain rational conformal field theories, may be
useful for the analysis of many others.Comment: 21 pages (AMS TeX), BONN-TH-94-16, MPI-94-6
Phase coexistence of cluster crystals: beyond the Gibbs phase rule
We report a study of the phase behavior of multiple-occupancy crystals
through simulation. We argue that in order to reproduce the equilibrium
behavior of such crystals it is essential to treat the number of lattice sites
as a constraining thermodynamic variable. The resulting free-energy
calculations thus differ considerably from schemes used for single-occupancy
lattices. Using our approach, we obtain the phase diagram and the bulk modulus
for a generalized exponential model that forms cluster crystals at high
densities. We compare the simulation results with existing theoretical
predictions. We also identify two types of density fluctuations that can lead
to two sound modes and evaluate the corresponding elastic constants.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Vertex operators and the geometry of moduli spaces of framed torsion-free sheaves
We define complexes of vector bundles on products of moduli spaces of framed
rank r torsion-free sheaves on the complex projective plane. The top
non-vanishing Chern classes of the cohomology of these complexes yield actions
of the r-colored Heisenberg and Clifford algebras on the equivariant cohomology
of the moduli spaces. In this way we obtain a geometric realization of the
boson-fermion correspondence and related vertex operators.Comment: 36 pages; v2: Definition of geometric Heisenberg operators modified;
v3: Minor typos correcte
Steady-state nucleation rate and flux of composite nucleus at saddle point
The steady-state nucleation rate and flux of composite nucleus at the saddle
point is studied by extending the theory of binary nucleation. The
Fokker-Planck equation that describes the nucleation flux is derived using the
Master equation for the growth of the composite nucleus, which consists of the
core of the final stable phase surrounded by a wetting layer of the
intermediate metastable phase nucleated from a metastable parent phase recently
evaluated by the author [J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 134}, 164508 (2011)]. The
Fokker-Planck equation is similar to that used in the theory of binary
nucleation, but the non-diagonal elements exist in the reaction rate matrix.
First, the general solution for the steady-state nucleation rate and the
direction of nucleation flux is derived. Next, this information is then used to
study the nucleation of composite nucleus at the saddle point. The dependence
of steady-state nucleation rate as well as the direction of nucleation flux on
the reaction rate in addition to the free-energy surface is studied using a
model free-energy surface. The direction of nucleation current deviates from
the steepest-descent direction of the free-energy surface. The results show the
importance of two reaction rate constants: one from the metastable environment
to the intermediate metastable phase and the other from the metastable
intermediate phase to the stable new phase. On the other hand, the gradient of
the potential or the Kramers crossover function (the commitment or
splitting probability) is relatively insensitive to reaction rates or
free-energy surface.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Journal of Chemical Physic
W_{1+\infty} and W(gl_N) with central charge N
We study representations of the central extension of the Lie algebra of
differential operators on the circle, the W-infinity algebra. We obtain
complete and specialized character formulas for a large class of
representations, which we call primitive; these include all quasi-finite
irreducible unitary representations. We show that any primitive representation
with central charge N has a canonical structure of an irreducible
representation of the W-algebra W(gl_N) with the same central charge and that
all irreducible representations of W(gl_N) with central charge N arise in this
way. We also establish a duality between "integral" modules of W(gl_N) and
finite-dimensional irreducible modules of gl_N, and conjecture their fusion
rules.Comment: 29 pages, Latex, uses file amssym.def (a few remarks added, typos
corrected
Non-linear electromagnetic interactions in thermal QED
We examine the behavior of the non-linear interactions between
electromagnetic fields at high temperature. It is shown that, in general, the
log(T) dependence on the temperature of the Green functions is simply related
to their UV behavior at zero-temperature. We argue that the effective action
describing the nonlinear thermal electromagnetic interactions has a finite
limit as T tends to infinity. This thermal action approaches, in the long
wavelength limit, the negative of the corresponding zero-temperature action.Comment: 7 pages, IFUSP/P-111
Harvesting graphics power for MD simulations
We discuss an implementation of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on a
graphic processing unit (GPU) in the NVIDIA CUDA language. We tested our code
on a modern GPU, the NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GTX. Results for two MD algorithms
suitable for short-ranged and long-ranged interactions, and a congruential
shift random number generator are presented. The performance of the GPU's is
compared to their main processor counterpart. We achieve speedups of up to 80,
40 and 150 fold, respectively. With newest generation of GPU's one can run
standard MD simulations at 10^7 flops/$.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Mol. Si
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