Crocodylus acutus

Number of Pages: 17Integrative BiologyGeological Science

“First, Do No Harm”: Old and New Paradigms in Prehospital Resuscitation in the Aquatic Domain

The balance between benefit and risk is central to the work of all those involved in aquatic services. The Hippocratic exhortation of Primum non nocere, “First, do no harm,” has a history of over 2000 years. Superficially, all would support this dictum, but harm can result from inaction. The balance between no or little intervention on the one hand and proactive intervention with iatrogenic risk on the other is complex and enduring. Risk implies that one does not have all the information available to know the exact likelihood of an outcome, a common situation involving rescue, first aid, and resuscitation. The theme of Primum non nocere (and its congener, risk-benefit ratios) in the aquatic rescue and resuscitation domain has both ethical (e.g., Good Samaritan) and legal (e.g., tort action) implications. Recently, a reversal in intervention philosophy, “Any attempt at resuscitation is better than no attempt,” has emerged. This aphorism is in stark contrast to the traditionally conservative, “Don’t do anything for which you are untrained.” Current and continuing research audits are needed to assess whether this newer paradigm results in a risk-benefit ratio low enough to counter the traditional Primum non nocere

The safe insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters : a mixed methods descriptive study of the availability of the equipment needed

Background: Intravenous cannulation is undertaken in a high proportion of hospitalised patients. Much international attention has been given to the use of care bundles to reduce the incidence of infection in these patients. However, less attention has been given to the systems required to ensure availability of the equipment needed to support these care bundles. Our objectives were to assess how reliably the equipment recommended for a peripheral intravenous care bundle was available for use, and to explore factors which contributed to its non-availability. Methods: We studied 350 peripheral cannula insertions in three NHS hospital organisations across the UK. Staff inserting cannulae were asked to report details of all equipment problems. Key staff were then interviewed to identify the causes of problems with equipment availability, using semi-structured qualitative interviews and a standard coding frame. Results: 47 equipment problems were recorded during 46 of 350 cannulations, corresponding to a reliability of 87%, or 94% if problems with sharps disposal were excluded. Overall reliability was similar in all three organisations, but the types of problem varied. Interviews revealed a variety of causes including issues associated with purchasing policies, storage facilities, and lack of teamwork and communication in relation to reordering. The many human factors related to the supply chain were highlighted. Often staff had adopted work-arounds to deal with these problems. Conclusions: Overall, 87% of cannulations had the correct and functional equipment available. Different problems were identified in different organisations, suggesting that each had resolved some issues. Supply chain management principles may be useful to support best practice in care bundle delivery. Keywords: Cannulation, Patient safety, Equipment, Care bundles, Hospital acquired bacteraemia, Systems reliabilit

Uncertainty and Political Perceptions

The world of politics is uncertain. Citizens are only imperfectly informed about current governmental actions and about the promises of politicians regarding future courses of public policy. Politicians and candidates, moreover, often have incentives to disseminate ambiguous and perhaps inconsistent information. Previous work, both theoretical and empirical, has largely failed to incorporate this uncertainty into the analysis of public opinion and electoral behavior. In this paper we discuss measures designed to elicit the uncertainty survey respondents feel about their political perceptions. These measures demonstrate response patterns which are interpretable and substantively interesting. Also, the response patterns are consistent with a model relating uncertainty to citizen information costs. And last, these measures allow us to understand the stated perceptions of respondents in novel and important ways

Attitudes, Uncertainty and Survey Responses

Theory: We assume that survey respondents are uncertain about their attitudes, and that their attitudes about political issues can be understood as probability distributions. From this perspective, we derive the "expected value" survey response model. We also derive a dynamic model of attitude change, based on the notion that attitudes are uncertain. Hypotheses: This perspective on political attitudes leads to two predictions. The first is that uncertain respondents will show less variance in responses than certain respondents, and that the less certain will tend to give responses towards the midpoint of issue placement scales. The second is that uncertain respondents will have less stable opinions about political issues over time. Methods: These hypotheses are tested using new survey questions we have developed to measure respondent uncertainty. These survey questions have been included in three recent national surveys, two conducted by the Letters and Sciences Survey Center at the University of Wisconsin, Madison and the other by the National Election Studies. Results: We demonstrate that uncertain respondents are more likely that certain respondents to provide issue placements at the midpoint of the scale, controlling for many factors. Also, we show that uncertain respondents have less stable political attitudes than certain respondents

Ursinus College Alumni Journal, Summer 1943

Current comment: In memoriam; Sports in college after the war; Uniforms are the vogue! • President\u27s page • 73rd annual commencement • Changes in college staff: Mrs. Rauch retires; Changes in Modern Languages; Navy course added; Dining department changes hands • Your alumni secretary\u27s letter • Board receives reports • Summer term opens • News about ourselves • Alumni in the service • Athletic program for 1943-44https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/alumnijournal/1018/thumbnail.jp

Biola Hour Highlights, 1976 - 01

Essentials of Prayer by Al Sanders Titles of the Savior by Richard Chase Historic Reality and Prophetic Promise by Charles Feinberg Celebrating \u27Xmas\u27 by Samuel Sutherland A Unique Christmas by Glenn O\u27Neal Christmas Comparisons from John 12 by Ron Hafer Mary, the Mother of Jesus by Ernie Peirson My Peace I Give to You by Curtis Mitchell Mary by Lloyd Anderson Revelation by Lloyd Anderson Panel Discussion by Richard Chase, Charles Feinberg, and Samuel Sutherlandhttps://digitalcommons.biola.edu/bhhs/1023/thumbnail.jp

Biola Hour Highlights, 1976 - 01

Essentials of Prayer by Al Sanders Titles of the Savior by Richard Chase Historic Reality and Prophetic Promise by Charles Feinberg Celebrating \u27Xmas\u27 by Samuel Sutherland A Unique Christmas by Glenn O\u27Neal Christmas Comparisons from John 12 by Ron Hafer Mary, the Mother of Jesus by Ernie Peirson My Peace I Give to You by Curtis Mitchell Mary by Lloyd Anderson Revelation by Lloyd Anderson Panel Discussion by Richard Chase, Charles Feinberg, and Samuel Sutherlandhttps://digitalcommons.biola.edu/bhhs/1023/thumbnail.jp

Biola Hour Highlights, 1976 - 12

Daniel by Lloyd Anderson I Thessalonians by Lehman Strauss II Thessalonians by Lehman Strauss Faithfulness of God by Lehman Strauss Psalm 131 by Al Sanders Panel Discussion by Richard Chase, Charles Feinberg, and Samuel Sutherlandhttps://digitalcommons.biola.edu/bhhs/1034/thumbnail.jp