Blood flow boosts BMP signaling to keep vessels in shape

Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and blood flow regulate vascular remodeling and homeostasis. In this issue, Baeyens et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201603106) show that blood flow sensitizes endothelial cells to BMP9 signaling by triggering Alk1/ENG complexing to suppress cell proliferation and to recruit mural cells, thereby establishing endothelial quiescence

Fano resonance in electronic transport through a quantum wire with a side-coupled quantum dot: X-boson treatment

The transport through a quantum wire with a side coupled quantum dot is studied. We use the X-boson treatment for the Anderson single impurity model in the limit of $U=\infty$. The conductance presents a minimum for values of T=0 in the crossover from mixed-valence to Kondo regime due to a destructive interference between the ballistic channel associated with the quantum wire and the quantum dot channel. We obtain the experimentally studied Fano behavior of the resonance. The conductance as a function of temperature exhibits a logarithmic and universal behavior, that agrees with recent experimental results.Comment: 6 pages, 10 eps figs., revtex

η\eta Production in Peripheral Heavy-Ion Collisions

We estimate the impact parameter dependence of the production cross section for $\eta_c$ and $\eta_b$ mesons in peripheral heavy-ion collisions collisions. Total and elastic $\gamma\gamma$ cross sections are calculated in an equivalent photon approximation.Comment: 9 pages, uuencoded postscrip

Macrofungal diversity in Colombian Amazon forests varies with regions and regimes of disturbance

Here we present the results of fungal biodiversity studies from some selected Colombian Amazon forests in relationship to plant biodiversity and successional stages after slash and burn agriculture. Macrofungal diversity was found to differ between forests occurring in two regions (Araracuara vs Amacayacu) as well as between flooded forests and terra firme forests in the Amacayacu region. Macrofungal biodiversity differed between regeneration states of different age in the Araracuara region. Suitable substrates, especially dead wood that occurred as a result of recent slash and burn agriculture, resulted in the formation of many sporocarps of wood-inhabiting species. Putative ectomycorrhizal species were found in a dipterocarp forest. Fifty two percent of the macrofungal species could not be identified to the species level, but could be assigned to a genus, and it is likely that a significant portion of these represent species new to science. Long term studies are needed to obtain a comprehensive and complete understanding of the diversity and functioning of mycobiota in Amazon forest ecosystems

Inversive Meadows and Divisive Meadows

Inversive meadows are commutative rings with a multiplicative identity element and a total multiplicative inverse operation whose value at 0 is 0. Divisive meadows are inversive meadows with the multiplicative inverse operation replaced by a division operation. We give finite equational specifications of the class of all inversive meadows and the class of all divisive meadows. It depends on the angle from which they are viewed whether inversive meadows or divisive meadows must be considered more basic. We show that inversive and divisive meadows of rational numbers can be obtained as initial algebras of finite equational specifications. In the spirit of Peacock's arithmetical algebra, we study variants of inversive and divisive meadows without an additive identity element and/or an additive inverse operation. We propose simple constructions of variants of inversive and divisive meadows with a partial multiplicative inverse or division operation from inversive and divisive meadows. Divisive meadows are more basic if these variants are considered as well. We give a simple account of how mathematicians deal with 1 / 0, in which meadows and a customary convention among mathematicians play prominent parts, and we make plausible that a convincing account, starting from the popular computer science viewpoint that 1 / 0 is undefined, by means of some logic of partial functions is not attainable.Comment: 18 pages; error corrected; 29 pages, combined with arXiv:0909.2088 [math.RA] and arXiv:0909.5271 [math.RA

Dynamic Vortex Phases and Pinning in Superconductors with Twin Boundaries

We investigate the pinning and driven dynamics of vortices interacting with twin boundaries using large scale molecular dynamics simulations on samples with near one million pinning sites. For low applied driving forces, the vortex lattice orients itself parallel to the twin boundary and we observe the creation of a flux gradient and vortex free region near the edges of the twin boundary. For increasing drive, we find evidence for several distinct dynamical flow phases which we characterize by the density of defects in the vortex lattice, the microscopic vortex flow patterns, and orientation of the vortex lattice. We show that these different dynamical phases can be directly related to microscopically measurable voltage - current V(I) curves and voltage noise. By conducting a series of simulations for various twin boundary parameters we derive several vortex dynamic phase diagrams.Comment: 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Photon-Photon and Pomeron-Pomeron Processes in Peripheral Heavy Ion Collisions

We estimate the cross sections for the production of resonances, pion pairs and a central cluster of hadrons in peripheral heavy-ion collisions through two-photon and double-pomeron exchange, at energies that will be available at RHIC and LHC. The effect of the impact parameter in the diffractive reactions is introduced, and imposing the condition for realistic peripheral collisions we verify that in the case of very heavy ions the pomeron-pomeron contribution is indeed smaller than the electromagnetic one. However, they give a non-negligible background in the collision of light ions. This diffractive background will be more important at RHIC than at LHC.Comment: 22 pages, 1 Postscript figures, 4 tables, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Reduction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) luxation in a horse - case report

ABSTRACT Luxation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in horses, despite being an uncommon condition, is often associated with local trauma involving the head. Its clinical importance is mainly related to the painful injury and impairment of the multiple movements involved in chewing and breaking foods. The objective of the current work is to describe the manual reduction technique of TMJ dislocation in a 6-year-old Mangalarga Marchador stallion with a history of inability to close the oral cavity and lateral displacement of the mandible. In the radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of the region a rostral displacement of the mandibular condyle was observed. Manual reduction was effective with the patient under dissociative anesthesia, progressing to medical discharge within 12 days