MRI of acute osteomyelitis in long bones of children: pathophysiology study.

INTRODUCTION: The classic pathophysiology of acute osteomyelitis in children described by Trueta has a metaphyseal infection as the starting point. This hypothesis was recently brought into question by Labbé's study, which suggested a periosteal origin. Thus, we wanted to study this disease's pathophysiology through early MRI examinations and to look for prognostic factors based on abnormal findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective, multicentre study that included cases of long bone osteomyelitis in children who underwent an MRI examination within 7days of the start of symptoms and within 24hours of the initiation of antibiotic therapy. We also collected clinical, laboratory and treatment-related data. RESULTS: Twenty patients were included, including one with a bifocal condition. The lower limb was involved in most cases (19/21). Staphylococcus aureus was found most frequently. Metaphyseal involvement was present in all cases. No isolated periosteal involvement was found in any of the cases. No prognostic factors were identified based on the various abnormal findings on MRI. CONCLUSION: Our study supports the metaphyseal origin of acute osteomyelitis in children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:II

IRIM at TRECVID 2012: Semantic Indexing and Instance Search

International audienceThe IRIM group is a consortium of French teams work- ing on Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval. This paper describes its participation to the TRECVID 2012 se- mantic indexing and instance search tasks. For the semantic indexing task, our approach uses a six-stages processing pipelines for computing scores for the likeli- hood of a video shot to contain a target concept. These scores are then used for producing a ranked list of im- ages or shots that are the most likely to contain the tar- get concept. The pipeline is composed of the following steps: descriptor extraction, descriptor optimization, classi cation, fusion of descriptor variants, higher-level fusion, and re-ranking. We evaluated a number of dif- ferent descriptors and tried di erent fusion strategies. The best IRIM run has a Mean Inferred Average Pre- cision of 0.2378, which ranked us 4th out of 16 partici- pants. For the instance search task, our approach uses two steps. First individual methods of participants are used to compute similrity between an example image of in- stance and keyframes of a video clip. Then a two-step fusion method is used to combine these individual re- sults and obtain a score for the likelihood of an instance to appear in a video clip. These scores are used to ob- tain a ranked list of clips the most likely to contain the queried instance. The best IRIM run has a MAP of 0.1192, which ranked us 29th on 79 fully automatic runs

Focal pachymeningitis in a returning traveler: Don’t forget melioidosis

Background: Melioidosis is an endemic disease in South-East Asia and Northern Australia caused by a Gram-negative bacillus, Burkholderia pseudomallei. Manifestations are wide and neurological involvement have rarely been described. Methods: In this paper, we report a patient returning from Asia with an unusual infection including CNS involvement consistent with a melioidosis. Results: This diagnosis was challenging and complex to carry out with multiple considerations, mainly because of the atypical nature of the germ. Burkholderia pseudomallei can be easily misidentified with Burkholderia thailandensis (rarely pathogenic to humans) during bacterial culture because of their phylogenetic proximity. The main pitfall of the management was that the responsible infectious agent was not referenced in the MALDI-TOF (considered as a bioterrorism agent) and led to a wrong strategy. Conclusions: This case of melioidosis shows the difficulty regarding the diagnosis of this disease in a patient returning from an endemic zone and its frequent multiple organs involvement. Melioidosis is an emerging, potentially fatal disease which requires prolonged antibiotic treatment. Difficulties in clinical microbiology laboratories diagnosis of melioidosis, especially in non-endemic areas where clinical suspicion is low, may delay treatment and affect disease outcomes

Thermal Treatments and Photoluminescence Properties of ZnO and ZnO:Yb Films Grown by Magnetron Sputtering

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TP53 mutations correlate with the non‐coding RNA content of small extracellular vesicles in melanoma

Abstract Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. They are expressed not only in cells, but also in cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). The mechanisms controlling their loading and sorting remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impact of TP53 mutations on the non‐coding RNA content of small melanoma EVs. After purification of small EVs from six different patient‐derived melanoma cell lines, we characterized them by small RNA sequencing and lncRNA microarray analysis. We found that TP53 mutations are associated with a specific micro and long non‐coding RNA content in small EVs. Then, we showed that long and small non‐coding RNAs enriched in TP53 mutant small EVs share a common sequence motif, highly similar to the RNA‐binding motif of Sam68, a protein interacting with hnRNP proteins. This protein thus may be an interesting partner of p53, involved in the expression and loading of the ncRNAs. To conclude, our data support the existence of cellular mechanisms associate with TP53 mutations which control the ncRNA content of small EVs in melanoma

Enhanced optical and electrical properties of Nb-doped TiO2 thin films synthesized by Atomic Layer Deposition using the supercycle strategy

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