Il poeta e la rivoluzione. Ancora qualche piccola nota sui «Pochi versi inediti» manzoniani

Il saggio torna sull’annosa questione della datazione del Marzo 1821, per dimostrare che, contrariamente a quanto sin qui accettato, la dedica dell’opera al poeta tedesco Theodor Körner conferma come, anche in questo caso, Manzoni ripetutamente tornasse sulla propria scrittura e costantemente la rivedesse. L’errore circa il luogo in cui cadde Körner – benché noto, ma mai approfondito – chiarisce come Manzoni venisse a conoscenza di quelle vicende solo negli anni immediatamente precedenti il 1848 e quanto fossero le concomitanti vicende rivoluzionarie, d’Italia come di Germania, a suggerirgli di dedicare l’ode al poeta tedesco. L’analisi del testo consente inoltre, nella seconda parte del saggio, di rileggere la posizione del Manzoni rispetto al tema dell’unità italiana: distinguendosi da Gioberti e Rosmini, egli avrebbe tenuto fermo sul portato della stagione napoleonica nella costruzione dell’identità nazionale

La Révolution française hors de France : quelques perspectives de recherche sur l’historiographie italienne entre XIXe et XXe siècle

Existe-t-il une historiographie italienne sur la Révolution française avant celle de l’après-guerre ? L’article aborde cette question en lisant sous un angle novateur les nombreuses références à l’héritage démocratique transalpin dans la culture politique italienne de gauche entre xixe et xxe siècle. Les lignes interprétatives de la Révolution apparues en Italie vers la fin du xixe siècle proposaient un jugement très négatif sur la Terreur et mettaient en revanche l’accent sur l’importance des mouvements fédératifs à l’occasion de 1793. Cette perspective originale s’est maintenue jusque dans les années 1930 pour ne s’épanouir qu’au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, quand la nouvelle historiographie italienne établit un lien profond entre les jacobins italiens et les jacobins français. Aujourd’hui, cette perspective est encore largement présente dans l’université italienne, ce qui a provoqué l’effacement total de l’historiographie précédente. C’est pourquoi remonter à la première phase de l’historiographie italienne sur la Révolution permet d’apprécier le poids de la tradition révolutionnaire dans la culture politique de l’Italie moderne.Was there ever an Italian historiography of the French Revolution prior to the post-war period? The article tackles this question by reading the many references to the transalpine democratic heritage in left-wing Italian political culture between the 19th and 20th centuries from a new angle. Interpretations of the Revolution which appeared in Italy towards the end of the 19th century adopted a very negative line on the Terror and instead emphasized the importance of the federative movements that occurred in 1793. This original perspective was sustained into the 1930s and only really evolved after the second world war, when the new Italian historiography established a profound link between the Italian jacobins and the French jacobins. To-day, this perspective is still very much present in the Italian university and has tended to obscure completely the previous historiography. Which is why a return to the first phase of Italian research on the Revolution can help us assess the weight of the revolutionary tradition in the political culture of modern Italy

Amicitia res plurimas continet. Omaggio a Febronia Elia. Presentazione

Il saggio recupera il testo della recensione del volume in onore della prof.ssa Febronia Elia letto in occasione della presentazione dello stesso alla comunità accademica. L’analisi del volume poggia su due coordinate di riferimento: il dato cronologico, che resta la dimensione tradizionale dell’analisi storica, e il confronto interdisciplinare. Ciò consente e consiglia una lettura capace di incrociare anche interventi che appartengono ad ambiti disciplinari talvolta apparentemente distanti ed esalta la grande vivacità e ricchezza di interessi scientifici dei contributi. This paper stems from the review on the book as a tribute to Professor Febronia Elia, which was read during its presentation to the academic community. The analysis of the book is based on two references axes: historical data, which remain the traditional dimension of the historical analysis, and interdisciplinary comparison. All this allows and suggests a reading able to cross-reference even contributions from subject areas at times seemingly distant and celebrates the great vivacity and wealth of scientific interest of each contribution

“UN CERTO PAESE MAGICO E MISTERIOSO”. IMMAGINI DELL’ITALIA MERIDIONALE ALL’INDOMANI DELL’UNITÀ, 1861-1887

editorial

D’une révolution à l’autre : Alphonse Aulard face aux événements russes de 1917

En s’appuyant sur les notes et les manuscrits d’Alphonse Aulard, conservés à la bibliothèque Houghton de Harvard, l’article passe en examen combien l’interprétation de 1789 représentait, pour le grand historien de la révolution française, une clé de la lecture de celle de 1917. Dans le climat patriotique de la Grande Guerre, Aulard aurait tout d’abord manifesté enthousiasme pour la révolution de février pour s’inquiéter face à la montée au pouvoir des bolcheviques et leur reprocher rapidement le choix de la paix avec l’Allemagne. C’est pourquoi, dans l’après-guerre français, la montée du mouvement communiste était destinée à rapidement effacer sa lecture historique (et politique) de la révolution française.Largely based on Alphonse Aulard’s manuscripts held in the Houghton Library at Harvard, the article shows how much his interpretation of the French Revolution was pivotal in considering the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the patriotic climate of the World War I, Aulard was enthusiastic at the news of the Russian Revolution in February, but he was then cautious in front of the insurrection of October and he finally refused the Bolshevik power because it entailed the peace with Germany. However, after the World War I, in France, Aulard’s anti-Bolshevik positions were the main polemical argument to put an end to his historical (and political) interpretation of the French Revolution

À rebours de la radicalité du Triennio : Pietro Avogadro, un noble jacobin et… anti-italien

La distinction entre modérés et extrémistes dans l’Italie occupée par les troupes françaises entre 1796 et 1799 a longtemps été pensée au travers d’une dichotomie : d’un côté, les modérés, afin de sauvegarder leur position socio-politique auraient refusé tout compromis avec une vision nouvelle de la société italienne révolutionnée, d’un autre côté, les extrémistes, s’inspirant du modèle jacobin français, auraient défendu la naissance d’un État national unitaire dans la péninsule. Toutefois, cette distinction se révèle désormais peu convaincante : l’exemple de Pietro Avogadro, noble, extrémiste jacobin, réfugié piémontais dans la Cisalpine et pourtant adversaire résolu de l’unité italienne montre la complexité de la dimension politique et idéologique du patriotisme italien.The distinction between moderates and extremists in an Italy occupied by French troops between 1796 and 1799 has long been regarded as marked by a fundamental dichotomy: on one hand, moderates a safeguarding their socio-political position refused any compromise with a new vision of revolutionary Italian society; on the other, extremists, inspired by the French model, defended the birth of a national unitary State in the peninsula. Yet this sharp distinction remains unconvincing. The example of Pietro Avogadro, noble, Jacobin extremist, Piedmontese refugee in the Cisalpine Republic, yet resolute adversary of Italian unity reveals the political and ideological complexity of Italian patriotism

Β-blockers treatment of cardiac surgery patients enhances isolation and improves phenotype of cardiosphere-derived cells

Β-blockers (BB) are a primary treatment for chronic heart disease (CHD), resulting in prognostic and symptomatic benefits. Cardiac cell therapy represents a promising regenerative treatment and, for autologous cell therapy, the patients clinical history may correlate with the biology of resident progenitors and the quality of the final cell product. This study aimed at uncovering correlations between clinical records of biopsy-donor CHD patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the corresponding yield and phenotype of cardiospheres (CSs) and CS-derived cells (CDCs), which are a clinically relevant population for cell therapy, containing progenitors. We describe a statistically significant association between BB therapy and improved CSs yield and CDCs phenotype. We show that BB-CDCs have a reduced fibrotic-like CD90 + subpopulation, with reduced expression of collagen-I and increased expression of cardiac genes, compared to CDCs from non-BB donors. Moreover BB-CDCs had a distinctive microRNA expression profile, consistent with reduced fibrotic features (miR-21, miR-29a/b/c downregulation), and enhanced regenerative potential (miR-1, miR-133, miR-101 upregulation) compared to non-BB. In vitro adrenergic pharmacological treatments confirmed cytoprotective and anti-fibrotic effects of β1-blocker on CDCs. This study shows anti-fibrotic and pro-commitment effects of BB treatment on endogenous cardiac reparative cells, and suggests adjuvant roles of β-blockers in cell therapy applications

Gestione forestale e prevenzione del dissesto idrogeologico in territori ad elevata vulnerabilità in Campania

This paper focuses on the compatibility between forest management and soil conservation with reference to chesnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and especially Manna Ash (Fraxinus ornus L.) mixed hop Hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) coppices stands, located on slopes of Campania and characterized by intensely pedogenised pyroclastic coverage, but unstable when facing intense rainy events. Based on the Corine Land Cover system (2012), we divided the areas into the three physiognomic types; thus, the proportion of surfaces falling under the pyroclastic coverage, which are the more instable, were obtained by overlapping the land systems and soil map produced by the Campania region (2014). For each type of coppice, we examined all the different structural conditions (traditional coppices, coppices past traditional rotation age and coppice in conversion to high forest) and underlined the most important critical issues due to clearcutting, We summarized the different types of silvicultural interventions to improve the forest management sustainability, especially in those areas which are vulnerable to hydrogeological instability. We also stressed that forest planning is the essential tool for sustainable management of coppices, together with the catchment area and the fire-fighting planning