Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are adult, self-renewable, multipotent cells that can be isolated in various tissues, most commonly bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue. Because of their capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into tissues of mesodermal origin and due to their immunomodulatory ability, MSCs are used in many preclinical and clinical studies as possible new therapeutic agents for the treatment of a very broad range of conditions, including heart, hepatic, and neurodegenerative diseases