60 research outputs found
Magnetic impurities in the one-dimensional spin-orbital model
Using one-dimensional spin-orbital model as a typical example of quantum spin
systems with richer symmetries, we study the effect of an isolated impurity on
its low energy dynamics in the gapless phase through bosonization and
renormalization group methods. In the case of internal impurities, depending on
the symmetry, the boundary fixed points can be either an open chain with a
residual spin or (and) orbital triplet left behind, or a periodic chain.
However, these two fixed points are indistinguishable in the sense that in both
cases, the lead-correction-to-scaling boundary operators (LCBO) only show
Fermi-liquid like corrections to thermodynamical quantities. (Except the
possible Curie-like contributions from the residual moments in the latter
cases.) In the case of external (Kondo) impurities, the boundary fixed points,
depending on the sign of orbital couplings, can be either an open chain with an
isolated orbital doublet due to Kondo screening or it will flow to an
intermediate fixed point with the same LCBO as that of the two-channel Kondo
problem. Comparison with the Kondo effect in one-dimensional (1D) Heisenberg
spin chain and multi-band Hubbard models is also made.Comment: 7 pages, No figur
Directed Fixed Energy Sandpile Model
We numerically study the directed version of the fixed energy sandpile. On a
closed square lattice, the dynamical evolution of a fixed density of sand
grains is studied. The activity of the system shows a continuous phase
transition around a critical density. While the deterministic version has the
set of nontrivial exponents, the stochastic model is characterized by mean
field like exponents.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Kondo effect in a Luttinger liquid: nonuniversality of the Wilson ratio
Using a precise coset Ising-Bose representation, we show how backscattering
of electrons off a magnetic impurity destabilizes the two-channel Kondo fixed
point and drives the system to a new fixed point, in agreement with previous
results. In addition, we verify the scaling proposed by Furusaki and Nagaosa
and prove that the other possible critical fixed point, namely the local Fermi
liquid class, is not completely universal when backscattering is included
because the Wilson ratio is not well-defined in the spinon basis.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX; to appear in Physical Review
Absorbing boundaries in the conserved Manna model
The conserved Manna model with a planar absorbing boundary is studied in
various space dimensions. We present a heuristic argument that allows one to
compute the surface critical exponent in one dimension analytically. Moreover,
we discuss the mean field limit that is expected to be valid in d>4 space
dimensions and demonstrate how the corresponding partial differential equations
can be solved.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; v1 was changed by replacing the co-authors name
"L\"ubeck" with "Lubeck" (metadata only
Boundary contributions to specific heat and susceptibility in the spin-1/2 XXZ chain
Exact low-temperature asymptotic behavior of boundary contribution to
specific heat and susceptibility in the one-dimensional spin-1/2 XXZ model with
exchange anisotropy 1/2 < \Delta \le 1 is analytically obtained using the
Abelian bosonization method. The boundary spin susceptibility is divergent in
the low-temperature limit. This singular behavior is caused by the first-order
contribution of a bulk leading irrelevant operator to boundary free energy. The
result is confirmed by numerical simulations of finite-size systems. The
anomalous boundary contributions in the spin isotropic case are universal.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures; corrected typo
Low-density series expansions for directed percolation II: The square lattice with a wall
A new algorithm for the derivation of low-density expansions has been used to
greatly extend the series for moments of the pair-connectedness on the directed
square lattice near an impenetrable wall. Analysis of the series yields very
accurate estimates for the critical point and exponents. In particular, the
estimate for the exponent characterizing the average cluster length near the
wall, , appears to exclude the conjecture . The
critical point and the exponents and have the
same values as for the bulk problem.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Kondo effect in crossed Luttinger liquids
We study the Kondo effect in two crossed Luttinger liquids, using Boundary
Conformal Field Theory. We predict two types of critical behaviors: either a
two-channel Kondo fixed point with a nonuniversal Wilson ratio, or a new theory
with an anomalous response identical to that found by Furusaki and Nagaosa (for
the Kondo effect in a single Luttinger liquid). Moreover, we discuss the
relevance of perturbations like channel anisotropy, and we make links with the
Kondo effect in a two-band Hubbard system modeled by a channel-dependent
Luttinger Hamiltonian. The suppression of backscattering off the impurity
produces a model similar to the four-channel Kondo theory.Comment: 7 pages, RevteX, to be published in Physical Review
Kondo Resonance in a Mesoscopic Ring Coupled to a Quantum Dot: Exact Results for the Aharonov-Bohm/Casher Effects
We study the persistent currents induced by both the Aharonov-Bohm and
Aharonov-Casher effects in a one-dimensional mesoscopic ring coupled to a
side-branch quantum dot at Kondo resonance. For privileged values of the
Aharonov-Bohm-Casher fluxes, the problem can be mapped onto an integrable
model, exactly solvable by a Bethe ansatz. In the case of a pure magnetic
Aharonov-Bohm flux, we find that the presence of the quantum dot has no effect
on the persistent current. In contrast, the Kondo resonance interferes with the
spin-dependent Aharonov-Casher effect to induce a current which, in the
strong-coupling limit, is independent of the number of electrons in the ring.Comment: Replaced with published version; 5 page
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