Supporting Online Material The Spreading of Disorder

changes in the statistics of PDF orientations, a maximum shock attenuation of 5 GPa seems to be the more realistic value. The percentage of shocked quartz grains and the number of PDF sets per grain are more sensitive indicators of minor changes in shock pressure than pure PDF orientation statistics. The combination of detailed petrographic investigation and numerical modeling indicates that both of these approaches are essential to reconstruct the preimpact position of rocks and to characterize properly the shock pressure distribution at the scale of an impact structure. Our observations suggest that, in the case of the 10.5-km-diameter Bosumtwi impact structure, the uppermost rocks of the central uplift experienced shock pressures below 30 GPa, whereas pressures up to 40 to 45 GPa were recorded for the about-four-timeslarger Puchezh-Katunki impact structure (15). Shock attenuation in the uppermost part of a central uplift has been, for the first time, constrained by detailed shock degree profiling at the microscale. Numerical modeling of this section of the central uplift has then established where this section of the central uplift was located before uplift formation, which was only possible once the shock regime had been established by micropetrography. The results imply that, for moderately sized impact craters, the rise of the central uplift is dominated by brittle failure, whereas in the case of larger impact structures, and also depending on rock proprieties, the uplifted, relatively stronger shocked rocks may behave in a more ductile manner. We generated hypotheses about the spread of disorder and tested them in six field experiments. We found that, when people observe that others violated a certain social norm or legitimate rule, they are more likely to violate other norms or rules, which causes disorder to spread