Anaesthetic breathing circuit obstruction due to blockage of tracheal tube connector by a foreign body - two cases

Publisher's copy made available with the permission of the publisher© 1999 Australian Society of AnaesthetistsTwo cases are presented which illustrate the disastrous consequences possible when an anaesthetic breathing circuit is obstructed by a foreign body. Despite reports of previous similar cases, work practices and equipment manufacture or design continue to allow for such events to occur. The importance of both pre-anaesthetic testing of the entire circuit including attachments such as the tracheal tube connector and filters, and the removal of these parts should obstruction occur, is emphasised. Use of “clear” transparent breathing circuit components and opaque or brightly coloured packaging and caps which could potentially cause obstruction should decrease the incidence and facilitate the diagnosis of this problem.M.J. Foreman, D. G. Moye

A study on gas molecule-solid surface interaction satellite experiment feasibility Final report

Feasibility of conducting gas-solid surface interaction experiments on earth satellit

Advantages of the diffuser-augmented wind turbine

Performance optimization for a wind turbine is realized by using a shrouded diffuser to produce up to twice the power of unshrouded turbines of the same diameter. The diffuser converts the kinetic energy of the flow downstream of the rotor into a pressure rise and thus makes it possible for the rotor to capture airflow from a free stream tube area that is greater than that from the rotor itself. The flow velocity through the shrouded rotor is 20 to 60 percent greater than the free wind velocity as opposed to 67 percent less for the unshrouded case. The diffuser also makes it possible to accommodate very high wind speeds without the need of variable pitch in the rotor blades

Upper atmosphere interactions with spacecraft

Rarefied gas-surface interactions effects on satellite orbital position, attitude, and lifetime between 150 and 330 k

Design and mathematical analysis of a three-mirror X-ray telescope based on ATM S-056 X-ray telescope hardware

The mathematical design of the aspheric third mirror for the three-mirror X-ray telescope (TMXRT) is presented, along with the imaging characteristics of the telescope obtained by a ray trace analysis. The present design effort has been directed entirely toward obtaining an aspheric third mirror which will be compatible with existing S-056 paraboloidal-hyperboloidal mirrors. This compatability will facilitate the construction of a prototype model of the TMXRT, since it will only be necessary to fabricate one new mirror in order to obtain a working model

Vignetting characteristics of the S-056 X-ray telescope

A ray trace analysis of the vignetting characteristics of the S-056 X ray telescope is presented. The relative energy is calculated in the spot formed in the focal plane of the S-056 X ray telescope by an off axis point source at infinity for off axis angles of 0, 1, 2, ..., 35 arc minutes. At each off axis angle, the relative energies are evaluated using theoretical X ray reflectivity curves for wavelengths of 8.34 A, 17.57 A, and 27.39 A, and also using an experimental X ray reflectivity curve for 8.34 A. The effects of vignetting due purely to the geometry of the S-056 optical system are evaluated separately, as well as jointly with the effects of mirror reflectivity

Who Must Take the Lead in Immigration Reform?

What gets us closer to a world where people are living in right relationship with one another, with creation, and with God? Posting about a responsive immigration system from In All Things - an online hub committed to the claim that the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ has implications for the entire world. http://inallthings.org/who-must-take-the-lead-in-immigration-reform

Considering Citizenship: Dare to be a Daniel

In order to be good and attentive citizens, we should consider using our freedom to devote time and resources to the health of our local churches, civic organizations, and communities. Posting about Daniel\u27s example of service from In All Things - an online journal for critical reflection on faith, culture, art, and every ordinary-yet-graced square inch of God’s creation. https://inallthings.org/considering-citizenship-dare-to-be-a-daniel

Negative Reinforcement by Timeout from Avoidance: The Roles of Discriminative Cues, Shock-Frequency Reduction, and Response-Effort Reduction

Timeout from avoidance is an effective reinforcer, but the reason is not firmly established. Rats responded on concurrent schedules of avoidance and timeout. Pressing the right lever postponed shocks according to a schedule with a response-shock interval of 30 s and a shock-shock interval of 5 s, and pressing the left lever produced 2-min timeouts according to a variable-interval 45-s schedule. To assess the roles of shock-frequency reduction, response-effort reduction, and signals in varying the reinforcing efficacy of timeout, three experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, to assess the point at which the reinforcing efficacy of the timeouts would be degraded, the probability of a timeout with shock was increased across conditions. Lower probabilities of shock in timeouts led to relatively small decreases in timeout responding for two of the rats and the maintenance of timeout responding for one rat, while higher probabilities led to more substantial decreases. In Experiment 2, the potential discriminative function of the temporal locations of shock in a yoking procedure from a previous study was investigated in two yoking conditions. In the Local-Yoking condition, there was no short-term change in the rate of shocks from time-in to timeout. The number and temporal location of shocks in the 2-min timeout duplicated the number and temporal location of shocks in the 2 min of time-in preceding the timeout. In the Random-Local-Yoking condition, the number of shocks in timeout duplicated the number of shocks in time-in, but the shocks were delivered in a random temporal position in the timeouts. Timeout responding was maintained at baseline levels for most of the rats in both conditions. In Experiment 3, the role of signals before shocks in restoring the reinforcing efficacy of timeout was investigated. After timeout responding was degraded in Experiment 1, in the subsequent condition, tones were added before the shocks in timeout. The addition of signals before shocks in timeout restored the reinforcing efficacy of the timeouts. The results from the present study suggest that multiple factors may be responsible for the reinforcing efficacy of timeout