Reverse Engineering of Temporal Queries Mediated by LTL Ontologies

In reverse engineering of database queries, we aim to construct a query from a given set of answers and non-answers; it can then be used to explore the data further or as an explanation of the answers and non-answers. We investigate this query-by-example problem for queries formulated in positive fragments of linear temporal logic LTL over timestamped data, focusing on the design of suitable query languages and the combined and data complexity of deciding whether there exists a query in the given language that separates the given answers from non-answers. We consider both plain LTL queries and those mediated by LTL-ontologies.Comment: To be published in IJCAI 2023 proceeding

Improvement of plantain leaves nutritive value in goats by urea treatment and nitrogen supplements

editorial reviewedPlantain (Musa paradisiaca) cultivation leaves a large quantity of residue after harvest which can be used in goats’ diets. In order to better assess them, apparent fecal digestibility (Df) of five diets was studied in vivo on 20 castrated Creole bucks, in individual digestibility cage, during three periods using a completely random design. These diets consisted of sun-dried leaves (DL), sun-dried urea treated leaves (DUTL, 5 kg of urea per 100 kg of sun-dried leaves during 90 days with 60 kg of water), protein nitrogen supplemented diet: sun-dried leaves + hoopvine (Trichostigma octandrum, L) leaves (DLH, DL: 61.4% + hoopvine leaves: 38.6%), non-protein nitrogen supplemented diet: sun-dried leaves + urea (DLU, DL: 98.2%+ U: 1.8%), and fresh leaves (FL). Diets were distributed to meet maintenance needs of the bucks for 21 days included 14 days for adaptation. Offered, left over diets and feces were weighed daily and samples were taken for laboratory analysis. Results showed that intake and Df of DL were very low and allowed only a digestible organic matter (OM) of 9.0 g/kg P0.75, not enough to satisfy maintenance energy requirement in goats. No significant improvement of OM intake and digestibility of plantain leaves was showed with addition of urea, while supplementation of hoopvine leaves allowed a significant increase of intake (from 30.0 to 40.8 g/kg P0.75) and Df (from 29.8% to 40.9%) (p<0.05). However, digestible OM intake for DLH diet was insufficient to meet energy requirement for maintenance. FL diet allowed an OM Df of 40.7%, comparable to DLH. DUTL, which OM Df was 45.1%, was the only diet consumed in sufficient amount to meet the bucks’ maintenance needs (22.9 g of digestible OM/kg P0.75). Urea treatment of plantain leaves is the best treatment among those tested for increasing nutritive value of this forage in goats

Young plantain leaves in weaned rabbit diet: growth performance, digestibility, carcass yield and composition

Incorporation of young plantain (Musa paradisiaca) leaves (PL) into the diet has been investigated in growing rabbits in order to promote this crop residue use in their diets. Growth performance, carcass weight, yield and composition, chemical meat composition, and digestibility of the diets and PL were evaluated. Four diets, namely PL0, PL20, PL40 and PL60, using four incorporation rates of young PL (0, 20, 40 and 60%, respectively) into a commercial feed as basis, were made. Each diet was given to 8 New Zealand rabbits, 4 males and 4 females, weighing 642±133 g, just after weaning at 41.5±1.7 days, in a random design. The rabbits were housed in individual hutches and fed during 9 weeks, including one week of adaptation. A digestibility trial was conducted during week 4 where feces were weighed daily. Diets offered were weighed daily, while refusals and rabbits were weighed weekly. At the end of the experiment, all rabbits were slaughtered, carcass weight, and composition measured. Diets, refusals, feces, and meat samples were taken to laboratory for analysis. Results showed that adding 20% of PL does not affect intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, final body weight, and carcass weight (p>0.05). However, commercial and reference carcass yield, as well as total meat and dissectible fat percentages were higher in rabbits fed with PL0 diet. Rabbits receiving PL60 diet showed the lowest growth performances; PL40 diet being intermediate (p<0.05). Diets dry matter (DM) digestibility varied from 38.5% for PL60 to 49.3% for PL0 diet (p<0.05). PL DM was digested at a rate between 28.6% and 34.3% according to diets. The meat of rabbits fed with PL60 diet had the lowest fat content (0.4%, against 2.9% in raw product for those consuming PL0 diet). PL can replace 20% of weaned rabbits’ diet without modify their growth performances

Amélioration de la valeur nutritive des feuilles de bananier plantain chez les caprins par le traitement à l’urée et par des compléments azotés

La culture du bananier (Musa spp.) laisse après la récolte une grande quantité de résidus, dont les feuilles, qui peuvent être utilisés dans l'alimentation des herbivores. Afin de mieux les valoriser, la digestibilité fécale (Df) apparente a été mesurée in vivo chez 20 boucs créoles castrés, dans des cages individuelles de digestibilité, pendant trois périodes selon un dispositif totalement aléatoire. Cinq régimes à base de feuilles de bananier plantain (Musa paradisiaca) ont été étudiés : feuilles séchées au soleil (FS), FS traitées à l'urée (FSTU : 5 kg d'urée dilués dans 60 kg d'eau pour 100 kg de FS ensilées pendant un minimum de 90 jours), FS complémentées avec des feuilles de liane panier (Trichostigma octandrum L. : LP), source d’azote protéique, (FSLP, FS : 61,4% + LP : 38,6%), FS complémentées avec de l’urée, source d’azote non protéique, (FSU, FS : 98,2%+ U : 1,8%), et feuilles vertes (FV). A chaque période, ces régimes ont été distribués pour répondre aux besoins d'entretien des boucs pendant 21 jours dont 14 jours d'adaptation et 7 jours de mesure. Les régimes offerts, les refus et les matières fécales ont été pesés quotidiennement, tandis que les boucs ont été pesés au début et à la fin de la semaine de mesure. Des échantillons ont été prélevés pour des analyses de laboratoire. Les résultats ont montré que l'ingestion et la Df des FS ont été très faibles, fournissant une matière organique (MO) digestible de 9,0 g/kg P0,75, soit une quantité insuffisante pour satisfaire les besoins énergétiques d'entretien des boucs. Aucune amélioration significative des quantités de MS et de MO ingérées et de la Df des feuilles de bananier n'a été observée avec l'ajout d'urée, tandis que la complémentation avec des feuilles de liane panier a permis une augmentation significative de matière sèche (MS) ingérée (de 30,0 à 40,8 g/kg P0,75) et de la Df de la MO (de 29,8% à 40,9%) (p<0,05). Le régime FV a permis une Df de la MO de 40,7%, comparable au régime FSLP. Le régime FSTU, dont la Df de la MO a été de 45,1%, a été le seul régime consommé en quantité suffisante pour répondre aux besoins d'entretien des boucs (22,9 g de MO digestible/kg P0,75). La Df des feuilles de liane panier obtenue par différence a été de 58,1% pour la MS et 61,1% pour la MO. Le traitement à l'urée des feuilles de bananier durant l’ensilage est le meilleur traitement parmi ceux testés pour augmenter la valeur nutritive de ce fourrage chez les caprins.2. Zero hunge