Stability analysis of some integrable Euler equations for SO(n)

A family of special cases of the integrable Euler equations on $so(n)$ introduced by Manakov in 1976 is considered. The equilibrium points are found and their stability is studied. Heteroclinic orbits are constructed that connect unstable equilibria and are given by the orbits of certain 1-parameter subgroups of SO(n). The results are complete in the case $n=4$ and incomplete for $n>4$.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX, minor stylistic changes in v

PROFESSIONAL CONSULTING, PLANNING AND DESIGN OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FACE OF INCREASING UNCERTAINTIES AND RISKS

The article reveals features of the ongoing transformations in the field of consulting, planning and design in the field of regional development in the face of increasing uncertainties and risks, primarily related to climate change and biodiversity loss. It shows that the very basis of such work is significantly changing, as the world-system becomes more complex, during the transition from the concept of an “empty” world to a “full” world. This change includes increasing emphasis on ensuring the resilience of human-dominated ecosystems, a change in decision-making, using behavioral a “responsible” human model that best meets the needs of inclusive sustainable development.The authors define features of consulting, planning and design of regional development in the face of increasing uncertainties and risks, as a special type of thinking activity, in a situation of approaching radical uncertainty. The article shows the necessity of supplementing natural science approaches with the tools and practices of post-normal science and the narrative theory of beliefs, as well as the ideas of K. Friston, implemented within his dynamic causal model.Such an approach is based on a systematic approach to decision-making in regional development and pays special attention to the adaptation of individuals and communities to high risks and uncertainties, primarily climatic and natural. It helps to better reflect the diversity of geographical conditions, to clarify the range of effective solutions for sustainable development of regions and increase the long-term resilience of business

Force dipoles and stable local defects on fluid vesicles

An exact description is provided of an almost spherical fluid vesicle with a fixed area and a fixed enclosed volume locally deformed by external normal forces bringing two nearby points on the surface together symmetrically. The conformal invariance of the two-dimensional bending energy is used to identify the distribution of energy as well as the stress established in the vesicle. While these states are local minima of the energy, this energy is degenerate; there is a zero mode in the energy fluctuation spectrum, associated with area and volume preserving conformal transformations, which breaks the symmetry between the two points. The volume constraint fixes the distance $S$, measured along the surface, between the two points; if it is relaxed, a second zero mode appears, reflecting the independence of the energy on $S$; in the absence of this constraint a pathway opens for the membrane to slip out of the defect. Logarithmic curvature singularities in the surface geometry at the points of contact signal the presence of external forces. The magnitude of these forces varies inversely with $S$ and so diverges as the points merge; the corresponding torques vanish in these defects. The geometry behaves near each of the singularities as a biharmonic monopole, in the region between them as a surface of constant mean curvature, and in distant regions as a biharmonic quadrupole. Comparison of the distribution of stress with the quadratic approximation in the height functions points to shortcomings of the latter representation. Radial tension is accompanied by lateral compression, both near the singularities and far away, with a crossover from tension to compression occurring in the region between them.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figure

RISK MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM FOR ENSURING THE SANITARY SAFETY OF THE POPULATION IN THE AREA OF THE OIL REFINERY

The article reveals the main features and characteristics of the algorithm of actions to ensure environmental safety of the population in the areas of oil refineries based on the mechanism of health risk assessment at all stages of the life cycle of environmentally hazardous production facilities. Methodologically, the algorithm implements the provisions of existing standards, regulatory documents and recommendations on health risk assessment of the population and is a sequence of procedures for making informed decisions on ensuring that health risk to the population exposed to potential negative environmental impacts meets the regulatory level. Application of the algorithm ensures compliance with the regulatory level of environmental impacts on the border of the sanitary protection zone of oil refineries and adjacent residential areas.A special emphasis is made on the stages of design and operation of environmentally hazardous objects, when the level of created health risks is especially sensitive to the results of decisions made. Timely identification of hazards and assessment of health risks at the design stage helps to choose the location of environmentally hazardous facilities, considering created risks in specific industrial and urban conditions. At the operation stage, the areas with highest risk levels of the sanitary protection zone boundary and the industrial site are identified, as well as priority production facilities and chemical toxicants (in terms of created risks). This gives a reason for adjusting the programs of industrial and environmental control, for specifying the priority of investment programs and plans of environmental protection measures. In practical terms the specific features of actions in conditions of high risks are defined to ensure the health risk meets the regulatory level in functioning of environmentally hazardous oil refining object, avoiding significant financial environmental costs as a result of making ecologically insufficiently justified planning and technological decisions at the design stage. The algorithm is universal, because it can be used for the existing production facilities and new construction projects, regardless of industry specifics

确保炼油厂附近居人群的环境安全的风险管理算法

The article reveals the main features and characteristics of the algorithm of actions to ensure environmental safety of the population in the areas of oil refineries based on the mechanism of health risk assessment at all stages of the life cycle of environmentally hazardous production facilities. Methodologically, the algorithm implements the provisions of existing standards, regulatory documents and recommendations on health risk assessment of the population and is a sequence of procedures for making informed decisions on ensuring that health risk to the population exposed to potential negative environmental impacts meets the regulatory level. Application of the algorithm ensures compliance with the regulatory level of environmental impacts on the border of the sanitary protection zone of oil refineries and adjacent residential areas.A special emphasis is made on the stages of design and operation of environmentally hazardous objects, when the level of created health risks is especially sensitive to the results of decisions made. Timely identification of hazards and assessment of health risks at the design stage helps to choose the location of environmentally hazardous facilities, considering created risks in specific industrial and urban conditions. At the operation stage, the areas with highest risk levels of the sanitary protection zone boundary and the industrial site are identified, as well as priority production facilities and chemical toxicants (in terms of created risks). This gives a reason for adjusting the programs of industrial and environmental control, for specifying the priority of investment programs and plans of environmental protection measures. In practical terms the specific features of actions in conditions of high risks are defined to ensure the health risk meets the regulatory level in functioning of environmentally hazardous oil refining object, avoiding significant financial environmental costs as a result of making ecologically insufficiently justified planning and technological decisions at the design stage. The algorithm is universal, because it can be used for the existing production facilities and new construction projects, regardless of industry specifics. В статье раскрываются основные черты и особенности алгоритма действий по обеспечению экологической безопасности населения, проживающего в районах размещения предприятий нефтепереработки, на основе механизма оценки рисков здоровью на всех этапах жизненного цикла экологически опасных производственных объектов. Методологически алгоритм реализует положения действующих стандартов, нормативных и рекомендательных документов по оценке риска здоровью населения и представляет собой набор последовательных процедур принятия обоснованных решений по обеспечению нормативного показателя остаточного риска здоровью населения, подверженного потенциальному негативному экологическому воздействию. Применение алгоритма обеспечивает соблюдение нормативного уровня экологических воздействий на границе санитарно-защитной зоны предприятий нефтепереработки и на прилегающих жилых территориях.Особый акцент делается на этапы проектирования и эксплуатации экологически опасного объекта, когда уровень создаваемых рисков здоровью особенно чувствителен к результатам принимаемых решений. Благодаря своевременным идентификации опасностей и оценке рисков здоровью на этапе проектирования уточняется расположение проектируемых экологически опасных установок с учетом их рискогенности в конкретных производственных и градостроительных условиях. На этапе эксплуатации выявляются наиболее рискогенно-опасные участки границы санитарно-защитной зоны и промплощадки, приоритетные (по величине формируемых рисков) производственные установки и химические токсиканты. Это дает основание для корректировки программ производственного контроля и производственного экологического контроля, для уточнения приоритетности инвестиционных программ и планов природоохранных мероприятий. В практическом плане сформулированы особенности действий в условиях высоких рисков для обеспечения нормативного уровня остаточного риска здоровью населения при функционировании экологически опасного производственного объекта нефтепереработки, при этом избегаются значительные финансовые природоохранные затраты как результат принятия экологически недостаточно обоснованных планировочных и технологических решений на этапе проектирования. Алгоритм универсален, поскольку может использоваться для действующих производственных объектов и объектов нового строительства независимо от отраслевой специфики. 文章揭示了为确保炼油厂所在地区居人群的环境安全而采取的行动算法的主要特点和特殊性﹐其依据是对环境有害的生产设施的生命周期的各个阶段的健康风险评估机制｡在方法上﹐该算法执行了现有的公共卫生风险评估标准﹑法规和指南的规定｡该算法是一套连续的程序﹐用于作出明智的决定﹐以确保暴露于潜在不利环境影响的人群的健康有一个规范的残余风险指标｡该算法的应用确保了炼油厂和邻近居群民区的卫生防护区边界符合环境影响的监管水平｡特别强调的是环境危险设施的设计和运营阶段﹐此时﹐所带来的健康风险水平对决策的结果特别敏感｡在设计阶段及时评估健康风险﹐可以根据具体工业和城市环境中的危险性来确定环境危险设施的位置｡在经营阶段﹐可确定卫生防护区边界和工业场地的最危险区域﹐以及优先（就产生的风险大小而言）的生产装置和化学毒物｡这为调整工业控制和工业环境控制方案﹐以及明确环境保护措施的投资方案和计划的优先次序提供了依据｡制定了在高风险环境中实际行事的具体内容﹐为确保环境危险的炼油生产设施运营期间对公众健康的残余风险达到监管水平｡在设计阶段提供无害环境规划和技术解决方案的结果是将避免巨大的环境财政成本｡该算法是通用的｡它既可用于现有的生产基地﹐也可用于新建筑工地﹐不受行业限制

Effect graphite on magnesium diboride superconductivity synthesized by combustion method under argon pressure: Part II

There are many various techniques to synthesize the superconductors based on magnesium diboride. In this paper, we attempted to obtain a superconducting magnesium diboride in a way by using a High-Temperature Centrifuge and investigated how a centrifugal force can be effect on superconducting parameters of MgB2 during solid-state combustion. It was the first superconductor based on magnesium diboride synthesized under the influence of centrifugal force in the high temperature centrifuge during solid phase process. As a result of this research, we could determine that a centrifugal force do not impact considerably on the critical transition temperature of the MgB2 samples (stay at around 37,5 – 38 K). However, it was found that the value of a centrifugal force could effects on the critical current density (Jc) of the samples

Effect graphite on magnesium diboride superconductivity synthesized by combustion method under argon pressure: Part I

Solid-state synthesis of a superconductor based on magnesium diboride doped by graphite microparticles (MgB2@C) at argon atmosphere has been described. The offered method allows the possibility to increase the critical current density of the studied samples at relatively low temperature in the inert environment. The superconducting characteristics of samples critical current density (Jc) and critical transition temperature (Tc) have been measured. The impact of the doping additives on superconducting characteristics of magnesium diboride has been analyzed. The results showed that the best optimal characteristics are for MgB2@3%C that reveals a good critical transition temperature 38,8 K and the higher critical current density 2,7 x 106 A / cm2 at 5 K

Effect graphite on magnesium diboride superconductivity synthesized by combustion method under argon pressure: Part I

Solid-state synthesis of a superconductor based on magnesium diboride doped by graphite microparticles (MgB2@C) at argon atmosphere has been described. The offered method allows the possibility to increase the critical current density of the studied samples at relatively low temperature in the inert environment. The superconducting characteristics of samples critical current density (Jc) and critical transition temperature (Tc) have been measured. The impact of the doping additives on superconducting characteristics of magnesium diboride has been analyzed. The results showed that the best optimal characteristics are for MgB2@3%C that reveals a good critical transition temperature 38,8 K and the higher critical current density 2,7 x 106 A / cm2 at 5 K

Spinor representation of surfaces and complex stresses on membranes and interfaces

Variational principles are developed within the framework of a spinor representation of the surface geometry to examine the equilibrium properties of a membrane or interface. This is a far-reaching generalization of the Weierstrass-Enneper representation for minimal surfaces, introduced by mathematicians in the nineties, permitting the relaxation of the vanishing mean curvature constraint. In this representation the surface geometry is described by a spinor field, satisfying a two-dimensional Dirac equation, coupled through a potential associated with the mean curvature. As an application, the mesoscopic model for a fluid membrane as a surface described by the Canham-Helfrich energy quadratic in the mean curvature is examined. An explicit construction is provided of the conserved complex-valued stress tensor characterizing this surface.Comment: 17 page

Risk-oriented approach to ecological safety management at oil refinery

The article considers place and role of the risk-oriented approach in environmental management at enterprises, describes mechanisms for use of risk assessment in environmental management processes and documents, tools for use of risk characteristics in development and implementation of programmes and plans for oil refineries.The study relevance is based on the need to improve the environmental management system of “Orsknefteorgsintez” in line with the plans to include risk-oriented approach in supervisory work, including state environmental supervision.The main goal of the work was development of approaches to risk-oriented environmental management at “Orsknefteorgsintez” based on the health risk assessment from environment pollution, followed by interpretation of gained data and appropriate management decisions.The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage included health risk levels determination resulted from air pollution by “Orsknefteorgsintez”. The results included hygienic studies of human health risk assessment from negative impact by “Orsknefteorgsintez” considering the implementation of the middle-term enterprise development program; and results of comparative analysis of human health risk levels prior to and after operational commissioning of reconstructed objects within the middle-term enterprise development program. The recommendation on human health risk management from the “Orsknefteorgsintez” production facilities (including control and monitoring) are based on the results of the first stage.Risk-oriented improves environmental management systems at enterprises, helps in interactions with government bodies, enhances management decisions in line with environmental legislation and increases environmental-economic investment efficiency