Solvent-free ring opening reaction of epoxides using quaternary ammonium salts as catalyst

Fogassy, Gabriella Pinel, Catherine Gelbard, GeorgesRing opening reaction of 1,2-epoxydodecane to the corresponding diacetate diester is described. Quaternary ammonium salts were found to be excellent catalysts for the acetylation reaction of the epoxide with acetic anhydride, where its activity was compared to different chloride salts. While in the presence of chloride salts no reactions were observed without activation, excellent yields (up to 100%) were achieved in the presence of quaternary ammonium salts. The effect of heterogeneous catalysts was compared to homogeneous ones. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Tomorrow's biofuels: hybrid bio-gasoline production in FCC units

INGENIERIE+YSC:CMINon

The fate of bio-carbon in FCC co-processing products

International @ INGENIERIE+YSC:CMIInternational audienceNon

Tomorrow's biofuels: hybrid bio-gasoline production in FCC units

INGENIERIE+YSC:CMINon

The fate of bio-carbon in FCC co-processing products

International @ INGENIERIE+YSC:CMIInternational audienceNon

Synthesis of hybrid transportation fuel: mechanism and fuel quality

internationalInternational audienc

Hybrid transportation fuel from hydrodeoxygenated or catalytic pyrolysis oil co-processing: mechanism and fuel quality

International @ INGENIERIE+GFO:YSC:CMIInternational audienceNon

Analytical techniques tailored for biomass transformation to biofuels

RAFFINAGE:INGENIERIE+GFO:CLO:GTU:NTE:YSC:CMIAn analytical platform was developed for the detection of biomass oxygenates and biocarbon in biogasoline produced by coprocessing of hydrodeoxygenated pyrolysis oils (HDO-oil) and vacuum gas oil. A combination of different analytical techniques is necessary for analyzing such complex mixtures. The presence of various oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, acids, and phenols was quantified using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Different alkylphenols were identified using two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The transformations of lignin oligomers present in HDO-oil were determined with size-exclusion chromatography carried out for the products. Accelerator mass spectrometry was used to make the distinction between carbonaceous material of biological origin and that of fossil origin. This type of analytical platform, which is tailored for bio-oil identification and quantification, appears to be required for exploratory catalyst research and kinetic studies in this rapidly expanding domain. (c) 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 377-383, 201