Response and encoding factors in ignoring irrelevant information

Subjects classified either the numerosity or numeric value of elements in successive stimulus displays. In separate experiments, responses were indicated by oral naming, card sorting, manual tapping, and oral tapping. Incongruent levels of numeric value slowed naming and sorting, but not tapping, when numerosity was the cue for responding. Incongruent numerosity slowed tapping, but not naming and sorting, when numeric value was the cue. Changes in stimulus response mapping may thus critically alter the ability to ignore an irrelevant stimulus dimension

Response and encoding factors in ignoring irrelevant information

Subjects classified either the numerosity or numeric value of elements in successive stimulus displays. In separate experiments, responses were indicated by oral naming, card sorting, manual tapping, and oral tapping. Incongruent levels of numeric value slowed naming and sorting, but not tapping, when numerosity was the cue for responding. Incongruent numerosity slowed tapping, but not naming and sorting, when numeric value was the cue. Changes in stimulus response mapping may thus critically alter the ability to ignore an irrelevant stimulus dimension

Posttransplant Thrombopoiesis Predicts Survival in Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Transplantation

AbstractThe frequency and clinical significance of secondary thrombocytopenia following initial engraftment in autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT) is unknown. An institutional review board approved retrospective study of thrombopoiesis was performed in 359 patients transplanted with autologous blood (97%) or marrow (3%) who achieved platelet engraftment to >50,000/μL. Idiopathic secondary posttransplant thrombocytopenia (ISPT) was defined as >50% decline in blood platelets to <100,000/μL in the absence of relapse or sepsis. ISPT occurred at a median of day +35 posttransplant in 17% of patients. Patients with ISPT had similar initial platelet engraftment (median 17 days) versus non-ISPT patients (18 days; P = NS) and recovered platelet counts (median 123,00 K/μL) by day 110 posttransplant. Four factors were independently associated with post-transplant death in a multivariate model: disease status at transplant; the number of prior chemotherapy regimens, failure to achieve a platelet count of >150,000/μL posttransplant, and the occurrence of ISPT. A prognostic score was developed based upon the occurrence of ISPT and posttransplant platelet counts of <150,000/μL. Survival of patients with both factors (n = 25) was poor (15% alive at 5 years); patients with 1 factor (n = 145) had 49% 5-year survival; patients with 0 factors (n = 189) had 72% 5-year survival. Patients who failed to achieve a platelet count of >150,000/μL received significantly fewer CD34+ cells/kg (P < .001), whereas patients with ISPT received fewer CD34+CD38− cells/kg (P = .0006). The kinetics of posttransplant thrombopoiesis is an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival following autologous HPC. ISPT and lower initial posttransplant platelet counts reflect poor engraftment with long-term and short-term repopulating CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells, respectively, and are associated with an increased risk of death from disease relapse

The Effect of the Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) additive on HCCI Combustion of Fuel Blends of Ethanol and Diethyl Ether

The influence of the small amounts (1-3%) of the additive di-tertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP) on the combustion event of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines was investigated using engine experiments, numerical modeling, and carbon-14 isotope tracing. DTBP was added to neat ethanol and diethyl ether (DEE) in ethanol fuel blends for a range of combustion timings and engine loads. The addition of DTBP to the fuel advanced combustion timing in each instance, with the DEE-in-ethanol mixture advancing more than the ethanol alone. A numerical model reproduced the experimental results. Carbon-14 isotope tracing showed that more ethanol burns to completion in DEE-in-ethanol blends with a DTBP additive when compared to results for DEE-in-ethanol without the additive. However, the addition of DTBP did not elongate the heat release in either case. The additive advances combustion timing for both pure ethanol and for DEE-in-ethanol mixtures, but the additive results in more of an advance in timing for the DEE-in-ethanol mixture. This suggests that although there are both thermal and kinetic influences from the addition of DTBP, the thermal effects are more important

The Strayed Reveller, No. 5

The fifth issue of The Strayed Reveller.https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/reveller/1004/thumbnail.jp

Association of Plasma CD163 Concentration with De Novo–Onset Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the leading cause of long-term morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. To identify prognostic plasma proteins associated with de novo– or quiescent-onset chronic GVHD (cGVHD), we performed a discovery and validation proteomic study. The total study cohort included 167 consecutive patients who had no clinical evidence of GVHD under minimum glucocorticoid administration and had available plasma samples obtained at 80 ± 14 days after transplantation. We first used high-throughput mass spectrometry to screen pooled plasma using 20 cases with subsequent cGVHD and 20 controls without it, and we identified 20 candidate proteins. We then measured 12 of the 20 candidate proteins by ELISA on the same individual samples and identified 4 proteins for further verification (LGALS3BP, CD5L, CD163, and TXN for de novo onset, and LGALS3BP and CD5L for quiescent onset). The verification cohort included 127 remaining patients. The cumulative incidence of de novo–onset cGVHD was higher in patients with higher plasma soluble CD163 concentrations at day 80 than those with lower concentrations (75% versus 40%, P = .018). The cumulative incidence of de novo– or quiescent-onset cGVHD did not differ statistically according to concentrations of the 3 other proteins at day 80. CD163 is a macrophage scavenger receptor and is elevated in oxidative conditions. These results suggest that monocyte or macrophage activation or increased oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of cGVHD

Charting the future of cancer health disparities research: A position statement from the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Cancer Institute

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138314/1/caac21404_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138314/2/caac21404.pd