Level of agreement between objectively determined body composition and perceived body image in 6- To 8-year-old South African children- To Body Composition-Isotope Technique study

To assess the level of agreement between body size self-perception and actual body size determined by body mass index (BMI) z-score and body fatness measured by the deuterium dilution method (DDM) in South African children aged 6-8 years. A cross-sectional sample of 202 children (83 boys and 119 girls) aged 6-8 years from the Body Composition-Isotope Technique study (BC-IT) was taken. Subjective measures of body image (silhouettes) were compared with the objective measures of BMI z-score and body fatness measured by the DDM. The World Health Organization BMI z-scores were used to classify the children as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. DDM-measured fatness was classified based on the McCarthy centile curves set at 2nd, 85th and 95th in conjunction with fatness cut-off points of 25% in boys and 30% in girls. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26. Of 202 children, 32.2%, 55.1%, 8.8%, and 2.4% perceived their body size as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. Based on BMI z-score, 18.8%, 72.8%, 6.9%, and 1.5% were classified as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese, respectively. Body fatness measurement showed that 2.5%, 48.0%, 21.8%, and 29.7% were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese, respectively

Características y factores asociados al maltrato percibido en internos de medicina en Perú

Introduction: The medical internship is an entirely hospital stage where the mistreatment can adversely affect students' performance. The study's objective was to determine the characteristics and factors associated with the perception of abuse in medical interns in Peru. Materials and methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional and analytical study. We surveyed medical interns from eighteen Peruvian hospitals. Sociodemographic characteristics included a scale that mediates the perception of psychological, physical, and sexual mistreatment in the study. The researchers used generalized linear models and prevalence ratios at 95% confidence intervals. Results: 418 medical interns participated, 52.9% were women. The psychological, physical, and sexual mistreatment perceived was 91.9%, 55.5%, and 34%, respectively. A relationship was found in medical interns who perceived psychological maltreatment and performed rotated in surgery (RPa: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00-1.20) came from a private university (RPa: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02-1, 15) and being in a hospital of the Ministry of Health (RPa: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16). Regarding physical abuse, they came from a private university (RPa: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.64-0.92) and were in a Ministry of Health hospital (RPa: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55-0,94). The factors associated with sexual abuse were being a woman (RPa: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.15-2.01) and rotating in medicine (RPa: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.04-2.23). Conclusions: The abuse perceived by the inmates is high, being the psychological abuse the most frequent. The physical and psychological abuse was associated with the services' rotation, coming from a private university and interning in the Ministry of Health hospitals. Sexual abuse had associated with being a woman and rotation in the medical service.Introducción: El internado de medicina es una etapa hospitalaria donde el maltrato podría afectar negativamente el desempeño del estudiante. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las características y factores asociados a la percepción de maltrato en internos de medicina del Perú. Materiales y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, transversal y analítico. Se encuestaron a internos de medicina de dieciocho hospitales del Perú. Se aplicó una encuesta que incluían características sociodemográficas y una escala que media la percepción de maltrato psicológico, físico y sexual. Se realizaron modelos lineales generalizados y se estimaron razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas (RPa) con intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: Participaron 418 internos de medicina. El maltrato psicológico, físico y sexual percibido fue de 91,9%; 55,5% y 34%, respectivamente. Los factores asociados con maltrato psicológico fueron realizar rotación en cirugía (RPa:1,09; IC95%:1,00-1,20) proceder de una universidad privada (RPa:1,08; IC95%:1,02-1,15) y estar en un hospital del Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) (RPa:1,08; IC95%:1,01-1,16). Respecto al maltrato físico fueron proceder de una universidad privada (RPa:0,77; IC95%:0,64-0,92) y estar en un hospital del MINSA (RPa:0,72; IC95%:0,55-0,94). Los factores asociados al maltrato sexual fueron ser mujer (RPa:1,52; IC95%:1,15-2,01) y rotar en medicina (RPa:1,52; IC95%:1,04-2,23). Conclusiones: El maltrato percibido por los internos es alto siendo al maltrato psicológico el más frecuente. El maltrato físico y psicológico tuvo asociación con la rotación en los servicios, proceder de una universidad privada y realizar el internado en hospitales MINSA. El maltrato sexual estuvo asociación con ser mujer y la rotación en el servicio de medicina

Mass adipose prediction percentage through biolectrical impedance and anthropometric method Predicción de Porcentaje de Masa Adiposa a través de Impedancia Bio-Eléctrica y Método Antropométrico

This case was developed with the objective of makes a prediction equation of adipose mass percent in values anthropometric, to star off the predetermined slant of instruments of impedance bioelectric TANITA. This is based in the premise that every day the importance of estimation about the fat mass in a clinic level, it is getting bigger and bigger, for this reason a population of twenty eight people with age range fluctuate among twenty to twenty eight was evaluated, they were part of "Escuela de Caballería Blindada" in the city of Quillota. The Pertinent measurements for the estimation of fatty mass were realized through of impedance bioelectric and anthropometry, the results made big differences between both methods, obtaining an index of correlation coefficient a 0.13 and a person correlation of 0.34. This suggests that possible creation does not accomplish with the criteria homescedasticity, in brief, this is unsafe

Beyond tobacco: genomic disparities in lung cancer between smokers and never-smokers

Abstract Background Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for Lung Cancer (LC) development. However, about 10–20% of those diagnosed with the disease are never-smokers. For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) there are clear differences in both the clinical presentation and the tumor genomic profiles between smokers and never-smokers. For example, the Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) histological subtype in never-smokers is predominately found in young women of European, North American, and Asian descent. While the clinical presentation and tumor genomic profiles of smokers have been widely examined, never-smokers are usually underrepresented, especially those of a Latin American (LA) background. In this work, we characterize, for the first time, the difference in the genomic profiles between smokers and never-smokers LC patients from Chile. Methods We conduct a comparison by smoking status in the frequencies of genomic alterations (GAs) including somatic mutations and structural variants (fusions) in a total of 10 clinically relevant genes, including the eight most common actionable genes for LC (EGFR, KRAS, ALK, MET, BRAF, RET, ERBB2, and ROS1) and two established driver genes for malignancies other than LC (PIK3CA and MAP2K1). Study participants were grouped as either smokers (current and former, n = 473) or never-smokers (n = 200) according to self-report tobacco use at enrollment. Results Our findings indicate a higher overall GA frequency for never-smokers compared to smokers (58 vs. 45.7, p-value < 0.01) with the genes EGFR, KRAS, and PIK3CA displaying the highest prevalence while ERBB2, RET, and ROS1 the lowest. Never-smokers present higher frequencies in seven out of the 10 genes; however, smokers harbor a more complex genomic profile. The clearest differences between groups are seen for EGFR (15.6 vs. 21.5, p-value: < 0.01), PIK3CA (6.8 vs 9.5) and ALK (3.2 vs 7.5) in favor of never-smokers, and KRAS (16.3 vs. 11.5) and MAP2K1 (6.6 vs. 3.5) in favor of smokers. Alterations in these genes are comprised almost exclusively by somatic mutations in EGFR and mainly by fusions in ALK, and only by mutations in PIK3CA, KRAS and MAP2K1. Conclusions We found clear differences in the genomic landscape by smoking status in LUAD patients from Chile, with potential implications for clinical management in these limited-resource settings

Permanent genetic resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 April 2010-31 May 2010

This article documents the addition of 396 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Anthocidaris crassispina, Aphis glycines, Argyrosomus regius, Astrocaryum sciophilum, Dasypus novemcinctus, Delomys sublineatus, Dermatemys mawii, Fundulus heteroclitus, Homalaspis plana, Jumellea rossii, Khaya senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phytophthora infestans, Piper cordulatum, Pterocarpus indicus, Rana dalmatina, Rosa pulverulenta, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Scomber colias, Semecarpus kathalekanensis, Stichopus monotuberculatus, Striga hermonthica, Tarentola boettgeri and Thermophis baileyi. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aphis gossypii, Sooretamys angouya, Euryoryzomys russatus, Fundulus notatus, Fundulus olivaceus, Fundulus catenatus, Fundulus majalis, Jumellea fragrans, Jumellea triquetra Jumellea recta, Jumellea stenophylla, Liza richardsonii, Piper marginatum, Piper aequale, Piper darienensis, Piper dilatatum, Rana temporaria, Rana iberica, Rana pyrenaica, Semecarpus anacardium, Semecarpus auriculata, Semecarpus travancorica, Spondias acuminata, Holigarna grahamii, Holigarna beddomii, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentale, Tarentola delalandii, Tarentola caboverdianus and Thermophis zhaoermii

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 April 2010 – 31 May 2010: Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the European shag, Phalacrocorax aristotelis.

This article documents the addition of 396 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Anthocidaris crassispina, Aphis glycines, Argyrosomus regius, Astrocaryum sciophilum, Dasypus novemcinctus, Delomys sublineatus, Dermatemys mawii, Fundulus heteroclitus, Homalaspis plana, Jumellea rossii, Khaya senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Phalacrocorax aristotelis, Phytophthora infestans, Piper cordulatum, Pterocarpus indicus, Rana dalmatina, Rosa pulverulenta, Saxifraga oppositifolia, Scomber colias, Semecarpus kathalekanensis, Stichopus monotuberculatus, Striga hermonthica, Tarentola boettgeri and Thermophis baileyi. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aphis gossypii, Sooretamys angouya, Euryoryzomys russatus, Fundulus notatus, Fundulus olivaceus, Fundulus catenatus, Fundulus majalis, Jumellea fragrans, Jumellea triquetra Jumellea recta, Jumellea stenophylla, Liza richardsonii, Piper marginatum, Piper aequale, Piper darienensis, Piper dilatatum, Rana temporaria, Rana iberica, Rana pyrenaica, Semecarpus anacardium, Semecarpus auriculata, Semecarpus travancorica, Spondias acuminata, Holigarna grahamii, Holigarna beddomii, Mangifera indica, Anacardium occidentale, Tarentola delalandii, Tarentola caboverdianus and Thermophis zhaoermii