Geometric scaling in ultrahigh energy neutrinos and nonlinear perturbative QCD

It is shown that in ultrahigh energy inelastic neutrino-nucleon(nucleus) scattering the cross sections for the boson-hadron(nucleus) reactions should exhibit geometric scaling on the single variable tau_A =Q2/Q2_{sat,A}. The dependence on energy and atomic number of the charged/neutral current cross sections are encoded in the saturation momentum Q_{sat,A}. This fact allows an analytical computation of the neutrino scattering on nucleon/nucleus at high energies, providing a theoretical parameterization based on the scaling property.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Changing Negative Perceptions of Individuals With Facial Disfigurement: The Effectiveness of a Brief Intervention

Can a brief personal narrative by an individual with facial disfigurement enhance perceptions of their skills and personality? Participants (n = 224) mainly from Europe and the USA completed the study online. Four experimental conditions presented either a video clip or the audio soundtrack, relating either a positive message or a message about overcoming adversity. In the control condition, participants viewed a still facial photograph. Evaluations of sociability and resilience, emotional stability, leadership, and success in forming relationships, and expectations regarding future interactions, were all enhanced by the personal narratives compared to the still photograph. Experimental conditions did not differ from each other. It appears that a brief online intervention can be effective in encouraging future contact with individuals with facial disfigurement

Critical spin liquid at 1/3 magnetization in a spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet

Although magnetically ordered at low temperatures, the spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet Cs_2CuCl_4 exhibits remarkable spin dynamics that strongly suggest proximity to a spin liquid phase. Here we address the question of whether a proximate spin liquid may also occur in an applied magnetic field, leaving a similar imprint on the dynamical spin correlations of this material. Specifically, we explore a spatially anisotropic Heisenberg spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet at 1/3 magnetization from a dual vortex perspective, and indeed find a new ``critical'' spin liquid phase described by QED3 with an emergent SU(6) symmetry. A number of nontrivial predictions are given for the dynamical spin structure factor in this ``algebraic vortex liquid'' phase, which can be tested experimentally via inelastic neutron scattering. We also discuss how the well-studied ``up-up-down'' magnetization plateaus can be captured within our approach, and further predict the existence of a stable gapless solid phase in a weakly ordered up-up-down state. Finally, we predict several anomalous ``roton'' minima in the excitation spectrum in the regime of lattice anisotropy where the canted Neel state appears.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; expanded intro & discussion of theory; minor correction to structure facto

Partial breakdown of quantum thermalization in a Hubbard-like model

We study the possible breakdown of quantum thermalization in a model of itinerant electrons on a one-dimensional chain without disorder, with both spin and charge degrees of freedom. The eigenstates of this model exhibit peculiar properties in the entanglement entropy, the apparent scaling of which is modified from a "volume law" to an "area law" after performing a partial, site-wise measurement on the system. These properties and others suggest that this model realizes a new, non-thermal phase of matter, known as a quantum disentangled liquid (QDL). The putative existence of this phase has striking implications for the foundations of quantum statistical mechanics.Comment: As accepted to PR

Maximum-Likelihood Comparisons of Tully-Fisher and Redshift Data: Constraints on Omega and Biasing

We compare Tully-Fisher (TF) data for 838 galaxies within cz=3000 km/sec from the Mark III catalog to the peculiar velocity and density fields predicted from the 1.2 Jy IRAS redshift survey. Our goal is to test the relation between the galaxy density and velocity fields predicted by gravitational instability theory and linear biasing, and thereby to estimate $\beta_I = \Omega^{0.6}/b_I,$ where $b_I$ is the linear bias parameter for IRAS galaxies. Adopting the IRAS velocity and density fields as a prior model, we maximize the likelihood of the raw TF observables, taking into account the full range of selection effects and properly treating triple-valued zones in the redshift-distance relation. Extensive tests with realistic simulated galaxy catalogs demonstrate that the method produces unbiased estimates of $\beta_I$ and its error. When we apply the method to the real data, we model the presence of a small but significant velocity quadrupole residual (~3.3% of Hubble flow), which we argue is due to density fluctuations incompletely sampled by IRAS. The method then yields a maximum likelihood estimate $\beta_I=0.49\pm 0.07$ (1-sigma error). We discuss the constraints on $\Omega$ and biasing that follow if we assume a COBE-normalized CDM power spectrum. Our model also yields the 1-D noise noise in the velocity field, including IRAS prediction errors, which we find to be be 125 +/- 20 km/sec.Comment: 53 pages, 20 encapsulated figures, two tables. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. Also available at http://astro.stanford.edu/jeff

Cluster approach study of intersite electron correlations in pyrochlore and checkerboard lattices

To treat effects of electron correlations in geometrically frustrated pyrochlore and checkerboard lattices, an extended single-orbital Hubbard model with nearest neighbor hopping $\sim t$ and Coulomb repulsion $\sim V$ is applied. Infinite on-site repulsion, $U\to\infty$, is assumed, thus double occupancies of sites are forbidden completely in the present study. A variational Gutzwiller type approach is extended to examine correlations due to short-range $V-$interaction and a cluster approximation is developed to evaluate a variational ground state energy of the system. Obtained analytically in a special case of quarter band filling appropriate to LiV$_2$O$_4$, the resulting simple expression describes the ground state energy in the regime of intermediate and strong coupling $V$. Like in the Brinkman-Rice theory based on the standard Gutzwiller approach to the Hubbard model, the mean value of the kinetic energy is shown to be reduced strongly as the coupling $V$ approaches a critical value $V_{c}$. This finding may contribute to explaining the observed heavy fermion behavior in LiV$_2$O$_4$