Circulação da palavra na escola: possibilidades de emergência do sujeito

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar de que modo se configuram diferentes espaços na escola, com respeito à circulação e da “tomada” da palavra, no sentido de propiciar o advento do sujeito e a construção de uma experiência coletiva. O texto fundamenta-se na Psicanálise freudo-lacaniana, e dialoga com pensadores que discutem a relação entre experiência e educação, como Hannah Arendt, Walter Benjamin e Giorgio Agambem. Com base em pesquisa realizada numa escola pública federal, narramos histórias que colocam a palavra em movimento, como possibilidade de reflexão em torno das práticas escolares e do próprio lugar do sujeito

CHARACTERIZATION OF LEACHABLE DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER FROM BIOSOLIDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NUTRIENT RELEASES, MODELING, AND EMERGING CONTAMINANTS

Treated wastewater residuals are utilized as a soil amendment to recycle nutrients to agricultural soils. Due to international application, biosolids are also a significant source of anthropogenic dissolved organic matter (DOM) to the environment. The first contribution of this dissertation characterized DOM and nitrogen mineralization rates of anaerobically digested (AnD) biosolids with variable pre-treatments, such as the thermal hydrolysis pretreatment coupled to anaerobic digestion (THP-AnD). There was not strong evidence that differently pretreated-AnD material had largely different aerobic inorganic nitrogen releases when incubated in a sandy loam soil. Variable pools of DOM decayed in soil treatments over time. Biosolids-DOM was then characterized from a greater representation of full-scale stabilization processes including (i) limed stabilization (LT), (ii) aerobic digestion (AeD), and (iii) anaerobic digestion (AnD). These different final stabilization processes produced substantially different leachates characterized by organic carbon content, size-exclusion chromatography, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Traditional optical metrics previously defined for aquatic DOM did not consistently capture fluorescence maxima of the anthropogenic material. Therefore, boundary-based excitation emission matrix (EEM) analyses were re-defined based on local fluorescence maxima. Novel parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and spectral database comparisons confirmed that biosolids-DOM contain both common high energy stimulated components and low energy stimulated components that are unique to digested leachates. The third research contribution applied fluorescence suppression experiments to measure interactions of halogenated ECs with contrasting biosolids-DOM types. Despite digested biosolids-DOM containing different humic acid-like or fulvic acid-like signatures than limed leachates, antimicrobial triclocarban and industrial compound 2-4 dichlorophenol suppressed similar high energy fluorescent signatures in all biosolids-DOM. This suggests TCC and 2-4 DCP electronically interacts with smaller aromatic compounds, such as amino acids, and this interaction is not unique to DOM from different waste stabilizations. This study contributes to future bioavailability assays modeling complex effects of leachate quality on halogenated contaminants. This thesis also confirmed the presence of dehalogenating microbes in the anaerobic microbial community structure of a THP-AD system. These results contribute to on-going work assessing solids treatments, where halogenated emerging contaminants can be dehalogenated before land application. This work advances understanding of biosolids DOM leachates, modeling EEM data, and fate of ECs during full-scale solids treatment processes

The role of the school nurse in protecting children and young people from maltreatment: An integrative review of the literature

Objectives. This review aims to describe the role of the school nurse in protecting children and young people from maltreatment by examining the international literature. Child maltreatment is a prevalent issue in global society today and includes physical, emotional and sexual abuse, neglect and exploitation. School nurses are ideally placed to identify and work with children and young people who are at risk of maltreatment through their regular contact with the school community. Design. Integrative literature review incorporating thematic analysis. Data Sources. Electronic databases British Nursing Database, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library Database for Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Search Terms: Role, School Nurse, Child Maltreatment. Review Methods. Initial title and abstract review of 444 studies resulted in 78 studies for full text review. Additional search strategies identified one relevant study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed as follows; (1) study published in the English language, (2) peer-reviewed, (3) primary research, (4) inclusion of school nurses (or equivalent role internationally) in the study sample, and (5) a focus on the role of school nurses in preventing child maltreatment. Studies were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool for qualitative studies and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist for mixed-methods and quantitative studies. Findings from the studies were identified, summarised and organised into a summary table, before being analysed thematically. Results. 21 studies met inclusion and quality criteria and were included in the review. Key themes that emerged from the analysis were; supporting the child and family, detective work, working with other professionals, training and supervision, barriers to protecting children and young people from maltreatment and trust. Conclusion. International literature highlights the variety of activities that school nurses may undertake in daily practice to protect children and young people from maltreatment. Several challenges to this role are identified, including time management and building relationships with children and young people. Recommendations for practice and further research are made

Using the TIDieR checklist to describe health visitor support for mothers with mental health problems: analysis of a cross-sectional survey

At least half of the 20% of mothers who experience mental health problems (MHPs) during pregnancy or after birth are not receiving the help they need that will lead to recovery. In order to identify where improvements need to be made it is necessary to describe exactly what is being done and the barriers and facilitators that compromise or enhance optimal care. The majority of mothers experience mild to moderate anxiety or depression. The expectation is that primary care professionals, such as health visitors (HVs), can provide the support they need that will lead to recovery. The aim of this study was explore the views of HVs regarding the content and purpose of an intervention to support mothers with MHPs, described as ‘listening visits’ (LVs). A link to an on-line survey was offered to the members and champions of the Institute of Health Visiting (n=9,474) March – May 2016. The survey was completed by 1599 (17%) of the target population, of whom 85% were offering LVs. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to provide a framework to describe commonalities and variations in practice. There appeared to be a shared understanding of the rationale for LVs but a lack of agreement about what the intervention should be called, the techniques that should be used and the duration, frequency and expected outcomes of the intervention. Contextual factors such as staff shortages; conflicting priorities; the needs and circumstances of mothers; the capability and motivation of HVs; inadequate training and supervision; and absence of clear guidance contributed to variations in perceptions and practice. There are many ways in which the HV contribution to the assessment and management of mothers with MHPs could be improved. The intervention delivered by HVs needs to be more clearly articulated. The contextual factors influencing competent and consistent practice also need to be addressed

Опыт интегрированного содержания обучения в рамках НПО и СПО (сфера декоративно-прикладного искусства)

В статье рассказывается об опыте интегрированного содержания обучения в рамках НПО и СПО (сфера декоративно-прикладного искусства

The Transcriptional and DNA Binding Activity of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor α Is Inhibited by Ethanol Metabolism A NOVEL MECHANISM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHANOL-INDUCED FATTY LIVER

Fatty acids are ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). Fatty acid levels are increased in liver during the metabolism of ethanol and might be expected to activate PPAR alpha. However, ethanol inhibited PPAR alpha activation of a reporter gene in H4IIEC3 hepatoma cells expressing alcohol-metabolizing enzymes but not in CV-1 cells, which lack these enzymes. Ethanol also reduced the ability of the PPAR alpha ligand WY14,643 to activate reporter constructs in the hepatoma cells or cultured rat hepatocytes. This effect of ethanol was abolished by the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole and augmented by the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide, indicating that acetaldehyde was responsible for the action of ethanol. PPAR alpha/retinoid X receptor extracted from hepatoma cells exposed to ethanol or acetaldehyde bound poorly to an oligonucleotide containing peroxisome proliferator response elements. This effect was also blocked by 4-methylpyrazole and augmented by cyanamide. Furthermore, in vitro translated PPAR alpha exposed to acetaldehyde failed to bind DNA. Thus, ethanol metabolism blocks transcriptional activation by PPAR alpha, in part due to impairment of its ability to bind DNA. This effect of ethanol may promote the development of alcoholic fatty liver and other hepatic consequences of alcohol abuse

Basic Operational Robotics Instructional System

The Basic Operational Robotics Instructional System (BORIS) is a six-degree-of-freedom rotational robotic manipulator system simulation used for training of fundamental robotics concepts, with in-line shoulder, offset elbow, and offset wrist. BORIS is used to provide generic robotics training to aerospace professionals including flight crews, flight controllers, and robotics instructors. It uses forward kinematic and inverse kinematic algorithms to simulate joint and end-effector motion, combined with a multibody dynamics model, moving-object contact model, and X-Windows based graphical user interfaces, coordinated in the Trick Simulation modeling environment. The motivation for development of BORIS was the need for a generic system for basic robotics training. Before BORIS, introductory robotics training was done with either the SRMS (Shuttle Remote Manipulator System) or SSRMS (Space Station Remote Manipulator System) simulations. The unique construction of each of these systems required some specialized training that distracted students from the ideas and goals of the basic robotics instruction

Comparison of government and non-government alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment service delivery for the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations are more likely to misuse alcohol and other drugs (AOD), compared to the general population. However, LGBT engagement with AOD treatment is often precluded by insensitivity and misunderstanding of LGBT issues. These treatment barriers may be a consequence of either worker attitudes, organizational factors or a combination of both. Few studies have compared service context as an impediment to AOD treatment. Objectives: This pilot study sought to examine and compare staff attitudes, knowledge and awareness of LGBT issues in two state-wide AOD services within Australia. One organization was a government service, whilst the other was faith based. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample (N = 130) of workers employed in a state-wide government AOD service (n = 65), and a state-wide non-government service (n = 65) was conducted. Participants self-completed a questionnaire comprising tools previously used to assess staff attitudes, knowledge and awareness of LGBT issues. Results: Few significant differences in attitudes and awareness of LGBT issues between government and non-government respondents were found. Nearly all respondents were supportive of LGBT persons irrespective of organizational context, with a small number of negative views. Although most respondents demonstrated awareness of organizational policies and practices relating to LGBT clients, many were “unsure” or “neutral” of what these might be. Conclusion: It is confirming that the majority of staff report supportive attitudes towards LGBT clients. Findings suggest that organizations need to continue to take leadership to strengthen organizational training and capacity to deliver LGBT friendly AOD treatment practices