Kesan kandungan fosfat berbeza terhadap pembentukan morfologi permukaan, penghabluran, fasa, ikatan kimia dan kekuatan mampatan bio-kaca sol-gel tersinter

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan kandungan fosfat berbeza (X = 10, 15 dan 20% mol) terhadap pembentukan morfologi permukaan, ikatan kimia, penghabluran, fasa dan kekuatan mampatan kaca sol-gel tersinter. Serbuk kaca gel dengan komposisi 50SiO2.(50-X).CaO.XP2O5 (dalam peratusan mol) disediakan melalui kaedah sol-gel, dimampat membentuk pelet dan disinter pada suhu 1200°C selama 3 jam. Didapati bahawa dengan peningkatan kandungan fosfat, mikrostruktur kaca tersinter yang lebih padat terhasil disebabkan peningkatan pemadatan jasad, pengurangan keliangan ketara dan pembentukan butiran dan sempadan butiran berhablur yang lebih besar. Peningkatan sebanyak 20% mol kandungan fosfat meningkatkan vitrifikasi (fasa kekaca) pada permukaan kaca tersinter yang mana meningkatkan pemadatan jasad kepada 83.56%, kekuatan mampatan pada 113 MPa dan penurunan peratusan penghabluran pada sekitar 66%. Analisis EDS menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan fosfat menyebabkan peningkatan unsur Si-O pada fasa amorfus dan unsur P-O pada fasa berhablur. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan berlaku pemisahan fasa kaya fosfat dan fasa kaya silikat dan pada masa sama meningkatkan rangkaian tetrahedra silikat (Si-O-Si) dan fosfat (P-O-P) kaca tersinter. Peningkatan kandungan fosfat meningkatkan kumpulan berfungsi berkaitan fosfat hablur dan mengurangkan kumpulan berfungsi berkaitan silikat hablur. Ini menyebabkan peningkatan pembentukan fasa silikokarnotit, Ca5 (PO4)2 (SiO4) dalam matriks kaca tersinter dengan peningkatan kandungan fosfat yang ditunjukkan melalui analisis XRD

Preparation and characterization of macroporous bioactive glass ceramic made via sol-gel route and powder sintering method

The purpose of this study was to prepare macroporous glass ceramic scaffold by sol-gel glass synthesis and powder sintering method. Sodium nitrate was added during sol-gel process to obtain glass ceramic with mol composition of 42.11% SiO2 - 18.42% CaO - 29.82% Na2O - 9.65% P2O5. The glass particles were found to be thermally stable above 900°C as indicated by TGA/DTA analysis. The dried glass particles obtained from sol-gel process were compacted and sintered at 1000°C for 3 h soaking time. Sintering crystallized the glass by 71.5% of crystallinity with tetracalcium catena-hexaphosphate (V) (Ca4(P6O19) as the main crystalline phase as revealed by XRD analysis. Although glass crystallized during sintering, it showed a good in vitro bioactivity as apatite-like layer were deposited on the glass ceramic surface when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 14 days. SEM analysis proved the macroporous structure formation with pore size ranges between 30 and 350 μm due to foaming effect which occurred during sintering. Besides that, the glass ceramic surface formed into vitrified-like due to fluxing effect during sintering thus affected the porosity and densification measurement done by Archimedes test. In conclusion, the presence of sodium oxide in sol-gel glass ceramic composition by 29.82 mol % with sintering temperature at 1000°C is able to produce bioactive and macroporous glass ceramic that potentially be used as medical scaffold material