Karakterisasi, Kesesuaian Lahan Dan Teknologi Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Di Rawa Pasang Surut Kalimantan Tengah

Oil palm extensification in tide land. It's a marginal land which sensitive to degradation. Otherwise, peat is low bearing capacity, subsidence, drying irreversible and close fire and then emission of green house gas. So other soil in the tide land is acid sulfate soils have a pyrite, while be can oxidation can produce of increased soil acidity and ferro and aluminum. Location of research include ine Ex Rice Mega Project ie. Kapuas Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency, and other is East Kotawaringin Regency. Limiting factor in soil mineral are effective dept of soil and drainage class (S3-d2.s2 dan s2-d2); and then in peatland are soil dept, decomposition factor and drainage class (S3-t2.d2, S3-s2d2 dan S3-d2). Agronomic action used farmer and plantation industry very variance, so characteristic and climate quality, land, agronomic, post harvest wil can level of agronomic compound of oil palm in tide land wich better for produce, efficiency, and green environment

Kajian Teknologi USAhatani Jagung di Lahan Kering Kalimantan Tengah

Corn as a second food crop after rice was very important due to its utilization as feed and raw material forindustries. Central Kalimantan has potency for increasing national corn production with its 14.63 million hectares ofdryland. AIAT Palangkaraya conducted corn-based farming system assessment during rainy season of 1998/1999 indryland area of Batuah Village, Dusun Tengah District, Barito Selatan Regency. The assessment consisted of 2.5 haarea and 10 cooperating farmers. This study aimed to increase corn and seed yields, and farmers' income. The studyconsisted of two activities, namely super-imposed study covering 0,45 hectare of dry land area and the second was theimplementation of technology package of Bisma variety. Split Plot Design was used for super imposed study with themain plot consisiting of five corn varieties, namely V1 = Bisma, V2 = Lagaligo, V3 = Semar 2, V4 = CP-1, and V5 =white corn. Treatments for each the main plot consisted of five levels of fertilizers application, namely P1 = 300 kgUrea/ha + 175 kg SP-36/ha + 125 kg KCl/ha, P2 = 275 kg Urea/ha + 150 kg SP-36/ha + 100 kg KCl/ha, P3 = 250kg Urea/ha + 125 kg SP-36/ha + 75 kg KCl/ha, P4 = 225 kg Urea/ha + 100 kg SP-36/ha + 50 kg KCl/ha dan P5 = 200kg Urea/ha + 75 kg SP-36/ha + 25 kg KCl/ha. The results showed that Bisma variety using fertilizer dosage P3 hadthe yield of 5.61 tons /ha and R/C ratio of 2.92 in the super imposed, and Bisma variety planted using fertilizerdosage P3 had the yield of 4.07 tons/ha and R/C ratio of 2.35 in the package technology. Corn farming in that regionwas profitable due to its R/C ratio of more than one. However, the government needs to guarantee supply of inputsand the farm gate price to sustain corn production in this region.Key words : zea mays, corn farming system, dry land, Central KalimantanJagung merupakan komoditas pangan yang penting kedua setelah padi, karena berfungsi sebagai makananpokok dan pakan ternak serta bahan baku industri. Kalimantan Tengah merupakan salah satu provinsi yangberpeluang besar dalam upaya peningkatan produksi jagung nasional, karena masih memiliki lahan kering seluas14,63 juta hektar. Salah satu upaya yang ditempuh oleh BPTP Palangkaraya dalam peningkatan produksi jagungadalah melaksanakan Pengkajian Teknologi Usahatani Berbasis Jagung di Lahan Kering dengan tujuan dapatmeningkatkan produktivitas dan pendapatan petani. Pengkajian dilaksanakan pada musim hujan dengan luashamparan 2,5 hektar yang melibatkan 10 petani kooperator. Pengkajian dilaksanakan di Desa Batuah, KecamatanDusun Tengah, Kabupaten Barito Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah pada MH 1998/1999. Pengkajian dilaksanakan terdiridari Pengkajian Utama dan Pengkajian Super Imposed yang merupakan inti pengkajian seluas 0,45 hektar. PengkajianUtama ditanam jagung varietas Bisma dengan menerapkan dosis pemupukan sesuai anjuran dari Dinas TanamanPangan. Pengkajian Super Imposed menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan Varietas sebagai petak utamadan dosis pupuk sebagai anak petak. Varietas terdiri dari lima level yaitu Bisma, Lagaligo, Semar-2, CP-1 dan jagungputih. Dosis pupuk terdiri dari lima level yaitu P1 = 300 kg Urea/ha + 175 kg SP-36/ha + 125 kg KCl/ha, P2 =275 kg Urea/ha + 150 kg SP-36/ha + 100 kg KCl/ha, P3 = 250 kg Urea/ha + 125 kg SP-36/ha + 75 kg KCl/ha, P4 =225 kg Urea/ha + 100 kg SP-36/ha + 50 kg KCl/ha dan P5 = 200 kg Urea/ha + 75 kg SP-36/ha + 25 kg KCl/ha. Hasilpengkajian Utama menunjukkan produktivitas jagung 4,07 ton/ha dan R/C-ratio sebesar 2,35. Pada Pengkajian SuperImposed menunjukkan bahwa dosis pupuk P3 dan varietas Bisma memberikan hasil tertinggi dengan produktivitas5,61 ton/ha dengan R/C rasio sebesar 2,92. Teknologi USAhatani tersebut secara ekonomis menguntungkan petani40Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 8, No.1, Maret 2005 : 39-54karena menunjukkan R/C rasio lebih besar dari satu. Hal ini dapat berkelanjutan apabila sarana produksi tersedia danada kestabilan harga serta jaminan pasar yang jelas dengan didukung oleh pemerintah, swasta atau KUD

Kajian Pupuk Alternatif di Lahan Kering Kalimantan Tengah

The success of agricultural intensification program depend on the avalaibility of production input such asfertilizer. Due to various problems, in the field, price increases and limited supply, farmers have difficulties inobtaining anorganic fertilizers such as Urea, SP-36 and KCl. In this circumstances the Government gave permitted thedistribution of alternative fertilizer. This policy cause the increase non standard alternative fertilizer circulated in themarket which need to be tested for its quality and effectiveness. Assessment on alternative fertilizer in dry land wasconducted at Batuah Villlage, Dusun Tengah, South Barito, Central Kalimantan since October 2002 until January2003. The types of soil was ultisol and the altitude was 42 m above sea level. The assessment purpose are : (1) Toknow how about effect alternative fertilizer to maize; and (2) To find out the alternative fertilizer of macro anorganicon maize in Central Kalimantan. The macro anorganic fertilizers used in this study were NPK Mutiara, NPK GrandS-15 and NPK Phonska, where the NPK content are 16:16:16; 15:15:15; 15:15:15 respectively. Randomized BlockDesign with eight treatments and four replications was used. The treatments were (1) Parsial Control; (2) Singlefertilizer (Recommendation); (3) NPK Mutiara; (4) NPK Grand S-15; (5) NPK Phonska; (6) Single fertilizerequivalent Mutiara; (7) Single fertilizer equivalent Grand S-15; and (8). Single fertilizer equivalent Phonska. Datawere analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT. The results showed that alternative fertilizer NPK Phonska was able toincrease maize yield 2.43 point, i.e.5.70 tons/ha compared with 2.35 tons/ha and improve profit value added by Rp3,592,500,-/ha with input cost Rp 763,000,-..Key words : alternative fertilizer, Zea mays, dry land farming, Central KalimantanKeberhasilan meningkatkan produksi pertanian melalui kegiatan intensifikasi tidak terlepas dari peranan saranaproduksi antara lain pupuk. Adanya berbagai masalah di lapangan sehingga petani sulit mendapatkan pupuk anorganiktunggal (Urea, SP-36 dan KCl), harga pupuk yang semakin meningkat, ketersediannya yang terbatas, makapemerintah memberi kesempatan peredaran pupuk alternatif. Kebijakan pintu terbuka menyebabkan banyak beredarpupuk-pupuk alternatif yang mutunya masih diragukan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian mutu pupuk danefektivitasnya di lapang. Pengkajian pupuk alternatif di lahan kering dilaksanakan di Desa Batuah, Kecamatan DusunTengah, Kabupaten Barito Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, mulai bulan Oktober 2002 sampai dengan Januari 2003.Ketinggian tempat lokasi pengkajian 42 meter di atas permukaan laut (dpl) dan jenis tanah ultisols. Adapun tujuanpengkajian ini adalah untuk (1) Mengetahui pengaruh pupuk alternatif pada jagung; dan (2) Mendapatkan teknologipupuk alternatif kelompok makro anorganik pada tanaman jagung yang tersedia di Kalimantan Tengah. Pupuk makroanorganik yang digunakan yaitu NPK Mutiara, NPK Grand S-15 dan NPK Phonska masing-masing mempunyaikandungan unsur hara N, P dan K yaitu 16:16:16, 15:15:15 dan 15:15:15. Rancangan percobaan menggunakanRancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan delapan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang dikaji adalah (1)Kontrol parsial; (2) Pupuk tunggal NPK Rekomendasi; (3) Pupuk NPK Mutiara; (4) Pupuk NPK Grand S-15; (5)Pupuk NPK Phonska; (6) Pupuk tunggal setara Mutiara; (7) Pupuk tunggal setara Grand S-15; dan (8) Pupuk tunggalsetara Phonska. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Hasil pengkajianmenunjukkan bahwa pupuk alternatif NPK Phonska dapat menghasilkan produktivitas jagung 2,43 kali lipat dariproduktivitas petani yakni 5,70 berbanding 2,35 ton/ha dan meningkatkan keuntungan petani sebesar Rp 3.592.500,-dengan penambahan biaya produksi Rp 763.000,-

Implementation of Beam Matching Concept for the New Installed Elekta Precise Treatment System Medical LINACs in Indonesia

A concept of radiation beam matching of some medical linear accelerators (LINACs) that have identical characteristics of the models, radiation quality, and multileaf collimator features may be implemented as long as the manufacturer provides complete specifications so that a Treatment Planning System (TPS) can be used for many beam-matched LINACs. This paper describes a preliminary study on the implementation of the beam matching concept for five units Elekta Precise Treatment System LINACs that have recently been installed in Indonesia. The beam matching criteria were based on the percentage depth dose (PDD) and beam profile for photon and electron beams. Dosimetry measurements were carried out by using an SNC 125 ionization chamber of 0.125 cm3 in volume, PTW Pinpoint 3D of  0.016 cm3 in volume, and PTW Farmer Chamber of 0.6 cm3 in volume. The results indicated that the PDD10 of 6 and 10 MV photon beams among installed five units LINACs have excellent compatibility each others with a maximum deviation of less than 0.4 %, while the maximum deviation for dose depth of 80 % (R80) for the electron beams with nominal energies of 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 and 18 MeV is 1 mm. The measurement results for the flatness profile were less than 6 %, and symmetry profiles were less than 3 %. It also outlines the determination of the absorbed dose to water under reference conditions. The results of the calibration of output doses show that the absorbed dose in the water was 1 cGy ≈ 1 MU. The data obtained from measurements for each LINAC conform with the requirements of the beam matching process set by the manufacturer

Analisis Overall Equipment Effectiveness Dan Six Big Losses Pada Mesin Pencelupan Benang (Studi Kasus PT. Pismatex Textile Industry)

Perusahaan textile nasional terus berupa untuk menampilkan kemampuan terbaiknya PT. Pismatex merupakan salah satu Perusahaan dengan terus melakukan continous improvement. Berdasarkan pengamatan diperusahaan, didapatkan bahwa sering terjadi breakdown mesin pada divisi Dyeing dan keterlambatan bahan baku benang. Data menunjukkan bahwa setiap harinya terjadi breakdown mesin 2 sampai 4 jam pada setiap mesin Dyeing. kinerja mesin juga sering kali mengalami gangguan dikarenakan umur mesin yang telah mencapai 25 tahun pengunaan yang pada akhirnya target produksi jarang tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung nilai OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) dan six big losses dari mesin. sehingga dapat diketahui kerugian terbesar yang ditimbulkan oleh mesin Dyeing. Berdasarkan perhitungan nilai Overall Equipment Effectiveness mesin Dyeing PT. Pismatex Textile Industri yaitu sebesar 68,59 % dengan availability sebesar 81,62%, performance sebesar 85,07% dan quality rate sebesar 98,78%. Hasil perhitungan nilai Six Big Losses masing-masing yaitu reduced speed sebesar 39,87 %, breakdown loss sebesar 8,12%, idling time sebesar 0,57%, rework loss sebesar 1,47%, scrap loss sebesar 0 % dan nilai setup and adjustment loss sebesar 10,26%. Dari nilai ini dapat dilihat bahwa faktor reduced speed loss merupakan faktor losses dengan nilai terbesar. Abstact National textile companies keep struggling to show the best of the company. PT. Pismatex is the one of the company that keep the continuous improvement. Based on the field observation, there are numbers of machine breakdowns in dyeing division and delays in sourcing yarn. There ara 2 up to 4 machine breakdowns in each of dyeing machine, the performance of the machine is frequently disrupted due to the lifespan of the machie that has reached 25 years. This resulting of the production target is rarely met. The research purposed to find the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) and six big losses of machine. So the big losses caused by the machine could be find. The Overall Equipment Effectiveness of dyeing machine in PT. Pismatex is 68,59 % with availability 81,62%, performance 85,07% and quality rate 98,78%. The result of six big losses are reduced speed 39,87 %, breakdown loss 8,12%, idling time 0,57%, rework loss 1,47%, scrap loss 0 % and value of setup and adjustment loss 10,26%. In conclusion, the reduced losses is a factor losses with the highest value

Pola Ruang Pura Kahyangan Jawa Timur Dan Bali Berdasarkan Susunan Kosmos Tri Angga Dan Tri Hita Karana

Pura Kahyangan merupakan pura besar yang bersifat universal dalam artian pura tersebut diperuntukkan untuk seluruh umat Hindu tanpa batasan status. Bangunan pura beserta konsep pola ruangnya pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh salah satu pemuka agama bernama Mpu Kuturan di Bali yang disempurnakan oleh Dang Hyang Nirartha, kemudian konsep pola ruang bangunan pura tersebut disebarkan hingga tanah Jawa. Perkembangan konsep pembangunan pura di Jawa tentu mengalami penyesuaian terhadap kondisi lingkungan setempat baik secara fisik (geografis) maupun nonfisik (sosial-budaya). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan dan kesamaan konsep pola ruang pura pada masing-masing wilayah dengan cara penyandingan unsur pembentuk pola ruang tradisional berdasarkan susunan kosmos Tri Angga dan Tri Hita Karana