Bulgarian playgrounds in transition: do children's and parent's perceptions differ?

This paper focuses on the ideological dualism of playgrounds and aims to show cross-generational differences between parents’ and children’s perceptions of playgrounds in Bulgaria, where children play on both communistic and western designed playground equipment. Such a political conception of playgrounds evokes and also matches up with Winner’s theory and his work, “Do artifacts have politics?” Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used, and a Mosaic approach was adopted to bring together a range of techniques for listening to young children talk about extant playground models. The findings of this descriptive research provide evidence that both children and their parents welcome the western playground designs in Bulgaria because of their superior functionality. However, children’s and parents’ perceptions differ on functional playground dimensions such as Joy, Safety, Nature, Socialization, and Design. Significantly, the communistic playground designs were praised for their superior affordance of children’s socialization

An Analysis of the Notion of a “Failed State”

In the post-Cold War era, it has become increasingly evident that one of the most important challenges for the world community is that posed by so-called failed states. Many serious problems that contemporary societies face with highly significant international connections are described on the basis of this phenomenon within multiple academic disciplines. On the other hand, there are theoretically developed different definitions on this concept which are usually extremely brief and in some cases even very ideological. This paper, introducing theoretical concepts behind its differing definitions, is trying to analyze the notion of failed states, while also searching for possible sociological standpoints

An 11-Year-Old Child with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Who Presented with Nephrolithiasis

Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease become symptomatic and are diagnosed usually at adulthood. The rate of nephrolithiasis in these patients is 5–10 times the rate in the general population, and both anatomic and metabolic abnormalities play role in the formation of renal stones. However, nephrolithiasis is rare in childhood age group. In this paper, an 11-year-old child with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease presenting with nephrolithiasis is discussed

Case of cystic fibrosis diagnosed in adolescence

Kistik fibrozis beyaz ırkta en sık görülen otozomal resesif geçişli kalıtsal hastalıktır. "Kistik fibrozis transmembran düzenleyen protein" genindeki değişik mutasyonlar sonucunda hafiften ağıra çeşitli klinik tablolara yol açabilir. Kistik fibrozisli hastalarda akciğer komplikasyonları esas morbidite ve mortalite nedenidir. On yedi yaşında kız hasta öksürük ve balgam çıkarma şikayeti ile polikliniğimize başvurdu. Öyküsü, fizik muayenesi, klinik ve radyolojik bulguları kistik fibrozisi destekler nitelikteydi. İlk ter testi normal gelmişti, tekrarlanan ter testleri yüksek saptandı. Kistik fibroz gen analizi pozitif bulundu. Olguya nebülize alfa-dornaz ve tobramisin tedavileri başlandı, fizik tedavi önerileri anlatıldı ve izleme alındı. Olgu bronşektazili hastalarda kistik fibrozisin akılda tutulması, semptomların geç yaşta başlayabileceği ve ter testinin normal olmasının tanıyı ekarte ettiremeyeceğini vurgulamak amacıyla sunulmuştur. Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive hereditary disease in white populations. "Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulating protein" gene as a result of different mutations can cause mild to severe range of clinical manifestation. The main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis lung complications. Seventeen-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough and sputum production. History, physical examination, clinical and radiologic findings supported our cystic fibrosis. The first sweat test was normal, repeated sweat tests were higher. Cystic fibrosis gene analysis were positive. The patient was nebulised alpha-Dornase and tobramycin treatments, physical therapy and monitoring were discussed suggestions. A case of cystic fibrosis patients with bronchiectasis keep in mind, symptoms begin in old age and being a normal sweat test are presented in order to emphasize rule out the diagnosis

Evaluation of two cases with round pneumonia

Round pnömoni, akciğer grafisinde yuvarlak konsolidasyon şeklinde sıklıkla çocuklarda görülen bir pnömonidir. Radyolojik olarak pulmoner kitle ile karışması nedeni ile önem teşkil etmektedir. Klinik ve laboratuar bulguları round pnomoni ile uyumlu olan çocuklarda ayırıcı tanı için ileri tetkik edilmeden önce antibiyotik tedavisi sonrası klinik ve radyolojik bulguların tekrar değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu sunumda öksürük ve ateş yüksekliği ile başvuran, akciğer grafisinde yuvarlak konsolidasyon saptanan ve tedavi ile kliniği gerileyen iki olgu sunulmuştur. Round pneumonia is a manifestation of pneumonia which seen particular to childhood and it appears as a rounded consolidation on chest x-ray. Radiologically, it is important because of interference with the pulmonary mass. Children whose clinical and laboratory findings are compatible with round pneumonia should be eveluated again after antibiotic treatment before further evaluation for differantial diagnosis. We presented two cases who admitted with cough, fever and round consolidation on chest x-ray and whose clinical and radiological findings regressed after treatment

KARTAGENER SYNDROME

Kartagener sendromu otozomal resesif geçişli sinüzit, bronşektazi, situs inversus ile karakterize ender görülen bir hastalıktır. Bu makalede, kliniğimizde Kartagener sendromu tanısı ile izlediğimiz iki olgunun klinik ve radyolojik bulguları verilmiştir. Olgular kronik rinosinüzit ve bronşektazisi olan çocuklarda Kartagener sendromunun olası bir tanı olarak akılda tutulması gerekliliğini vurgulamak amacıyla takdim edilmiştir. The Kartagener syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by bronchiectasis, sinusitis, sinus inversus. Clinical and radiological features of two cases followed in our clinic are given in this article. These cases are presented to emphasize that Kartagener syndrome should be considered as a possible diagnosis in children with chronic rhinosinusitis and bronchiectasis

SOTOS SYNDROME: A RARE CAUSE OF TALL STATURE

Sotos sendromu, endokrin bir bozukluk olmaksızın hızlı büyümeyle karakterize birhastalıktır. Ondört yaşında kız hasta boy uzunluğu şikayeti nedeniyle başvurdu. Doğumdave postnatal izlemlerinde boyunun yaşıtlarına göre üst sınırlarda olduğuöğrenilen hastanın klinik incelemelerinde mental retardasyon, makrosefali ve üstsınırda boy persentili saptandı. Bu bulgularla olguya sotos sendromu tanısı konuldu.Bu olgu sunumumuzda aşırı boy uzaması yakınması ile başvuran ve fizik muayenesindedismorfik bulgular saptanan hastaların ayırıcı tanısında sotos sendromunununda düşünülmesinin vurgulanması istenildi.Sotos syndrome is a disorder which is characterized by rapid growth without anyendocrine defect. A 14-year-old female patient was admitted with a complaint of tallstature. Her history revealed that her height was at the upper limits compared to herpeers at the time of birth and during the postnatal follow-ups. Clinical examinationsshowed mental retardation, macrocephaly, and a height percentile at the upper limit.Sotos syndrome was diagnosed with these clinic findings. In this case report, we aimedto stress the necessity of considering the rarely seen Sotos syndrome when making thedifferential diagnosis of patients who apply with the complaint of excessive growth anddemonstrate dismorphic findings at the physical examination

VASCULAR RING AS A CAUSE OF RESPIRATORY DISTRESS

Vasküler ring tiplerinden biri olan aortik ark anomalileri süt çocukluğu döneminde tekrarlayan akciğer enfeksiyonları, devamlı hışıltı, stridor gibi solunumsal semptomların önemli bir sebebidir. Bu semptomlar, anatomik basıya ikincil olarak gelişen havayolu obstrüksiyonunun derecesi ile ilişkilidir. Havayolu obstrüksiyonu belirgin ise yakınmalar erken yaşta ve ağır olarak ortaya çıkar. Semptomlar hafif ve anatomik bası belirgin değil ise hastalık yaşamın daha geç döneminde tanınabilir. Burada astım bulguları ile başvuran, radyolojik değerlendirmeler ile vasküler ring tanısı alan 10 yaşında bir kız olgu sunulmuştur. Aortic arch anomalies such as vascular ring are important causes of respiratory symptoms including recurrent pulmonary infections, persistant wheezing and stridor in infancy. These symptoms are related with the severity of airway obstruction which is secondary to the anatomic impression. The symptoms begin at early age and severely if the airway obstruction is evident. The disease can be diagnosed in the later years of life if the symptoms are mild and the anatomic impression is not severe. Here; we reported a ten year old girl who admitted with symptoms of asthma and was diagnosed as vascular ring with radiological investigations