Sampling and Analysis Plan for Old Solvent Tanks S1-S22 to Address Waste Acceptance Criteria

The Environmental Restoration Department (ERD) assumed custody of the Old Solvent Tanks (Tanks S1-S22) in the Old Radioactive Waste Burial Ground (ORWBG, 643-E) from Waste Management in January 1991. The purpose of this Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) is to collect and analyze samples of the sludge solids, organic and aqueous phases to determine the level of radioactivity, the isotopic constituents, the specific gravity, and other physical parameters. These data must be obtained to evaluate the process safety of remediating the tanks, to determine the disposal path for the material in the tanks, and to determine the most viable closure technology for the tanks

TUNGSTEN SHIELDS FOR CS-137 INLINE MONITORS IN THE CAUSTIC SIDE SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESS

The Department of Energy (DOE) selected Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) as the preferred technology for the removal of radioactive cesium from High-Level Waste (HLW) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). The CSSX process is a continuous process that uses a novel solvent to extract cesium from highly radioactive waste and concentrate it in dilute nitric acid. In-line analyses are performed with gamma-ray monitors to measure the C-137 concentration in the decontaminated salt solution (DSS) and in the strip effluent (SE). Sodium iodide (NaI) monitors are used to measure the Cs-137 concentration before the DSS Hold Tank, while Geiger-Mueller (GM) monitors are used for Cs-137 measurements before the SE hold tank. Tungsten shields were designed using Monte Carlo calculations and fabricated to provide the needed reduction of the process background radiation at the detector positions. A one-inch tungsten cylindrical shield reduced the background radiation by a factor of fifty that was adequate for the GM detectors, while a three-and-one-half-inch tungsten cylindrical shield was required for the NaI detectors. Testing of the NaI shield was performed at the SRS Instrument Calibration Facility. Based on this testing, the as-built shield is predicted to be able to detect the MCU DSS stream at concentrations above 0.003 Ci/gal under the ''worst case'' field conditions with a MCU feed solution of 1.1 Ci/gal and all of the process tanks completely full. This paper discusses the design, fabrication, testing and implementation of the tungsten shields in the MCU facility

Ion induced microscopic mass spectrometry

Typescript (photocopy).A microprobe analytical technique has been developed. It is based on mass spectrometric analysis of the ions desorbed from the impact area of a collimated microbeam of high energy heavy projectiles (84 MeV ^84Kr^+7). This is the first application of the technique of particle induced desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS) for spatially resolved analyses. The mass spectrometry capabilities were validated with the analysis of standard targets. A mass resolution of up to 300 was obtained for masses up to 653 (Cs3I2+). The absolute detection limit for the detection of cesium in a thin film of CsI is estimated at [about] 5 x 10^6 atoms; relative desorption yields of up to 69% have been observed. Comparison of isotopic peaks in various alkali halide targets show a relative sensitivity of at least seven shown the technique capable of identifying positively and negatively charged atomic, isotopic, and molecular ions of both inorganic and organic species in simultaneous multimass determinations. The scanning mode of the microprobe was demonstrated by the analysis of targets of known spatial composition. The smallest feature identified was [about] 60 μm wide. Verification of the scans was performed by comparison with electron microprobe scans. To analyze smaller areas with fewer ions, cluster ion beams were evaluated for use as primary projectiles. These experiments were carried out on the cluster accelerator at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire, Lyon, France. The beams studied were beams of H5+ to H23+ at 400 to 600 keV in energy. The cluster ions were found to be at least twice as effective as an equal number of individual atoms of equivalent energy. As the mass of the cluster ion beams increases, the desorption yields increase with the electronic stopping power raised to the fourth power, (dE/dX)^4. Overall, the PDMS microprobe technique developed provides spatially resolved qualitative and semiquantitative mass spectrometry analyses. High desorption yields allow analysis with a few heavy ions; this provides for nondestructive analyses. The technique fills a unique niche in that it can provide mass information from areas potentially beyond the current ion microprobe techniques

Ion induced microscopic mass spectrometry

Typescript (photocopy).A microprobe analytical technique has been developed. It is based on mass spectrometric analysis of the ions desorbed from the impact area of a collimated microbeam of high energy heavy projectiles (84 MeV ^84Kr^+7). This is the first application of the technique of particle induced desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS) for spatially resolved analyses. The mass spectrometry capabilities were validated with the analysis of standard targets. A mass resolution of up to 300 was obtained for masses up to 653 (Cs3I2+). The absolute detection limit for the detection of cesium in a thin film of CsI is estimated at [about] 5 x 10^6 atoms; relative desorption yields of up to 69% have been observed. Comparison of isotopic peaks in various alkali halide targets show a relative sensitivity of at least seven shown the technique capable of identifying positively and negatively charged atomic, isotopic, and molecular ions of both inorganic and organic species in simultaneous multimass determinations. The scanning mode of the microprobe was demonstrated by the analysis of targets of known spatial composition. The smallest feature identified was [about] 60 μm wide. Verification of the scans was performed by comparison with electron microprobe scans. To analyze smaller areas with fewer ions, cluster ion beams were evaluated for use as primary projectiles. These experiments were carried out on the cluster accelerator at the Institut de Physique Nucleaire, Lyon, France. The beams studied were beams of H5+ to H23+ at 400 to 600 keV in energy. The cluster ions were found to be at least twice as effective as an equal number of individual atoms of equivalent energy. As the mass of the cluster ion beams increases, the desorption yields increase with the electronic stopping power raised to the fourth power, (dE/dX)^4. Overall, the PDMS microprobe technique developed provides spatially resolved qualitative and semiquantitative mass spectrometry analyses. High desorption yields allow analysis with a few heavy ions; this provides for nondestructive analyses. The technique fills a unique niche in that it can provide mass information from areas potentially beyond the current ion microprobe techniques

Ion-induced desorption in insulators by hydrogen cluster impact up to 600 KeV

BIA

Desorption mass spectrometry using cluster ions

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