7,526 research outputs found
Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: a Threat and a Defense
We address the role of the phase-insensitive trusted preparation and
detection noise in the security of a continuous-variable quantum key
distribution, considering the Gaussian protocols on the basis of coherent and
squeezed states and studying them in the conditions of Gaussian lossy and noisy
channels. The influence of such a noise on the security of Gaussian quantum
cryptography can be crucial, even despite the fact that a noise is trusted, due
to a strongly nonlinear behavior of the quantum entropies involved in the
security analysis. We recapitulate the known effect of the preparation noise in
both direct and reverse-reconciliation protocols, as well as the detection
noise in the reverse-reconciliation scenario. As a new result, we show the
negative role of the trusted detection noise in the direct-reconciliation
scheme. We also describe the role of the trusted preparation or detection noise
added at the reference side of the protocols in improving the robustness of the
protocols to the channel noise, confirming the positive effect for the
coherent-state reverse-reconciliation protocol. Finally, we address the
combined effect of trusted noise added both in the source and the detector.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figure
Quantum non-demolition measurement saturates fidelity trade-off
A general quantum measurement on an unknown quantum state enables us to
estimate what the state originally was. Simultaneously, the measurement has a
destructive effect on a measured quantum state which is reflected by the
decrease of the output fidelity. We show for any -level system that quantum
non-demolition (QND) measurement controlled by a suitably prepared ancilla is a
measurement in which the decrease of the output fidelity is minimal. The ratio
between the estimation fidelity and the output fidelity can be continuously
controlled by the preparation of the ancilla. Different measurement strategies
on the ancilla are also discussed. Finally, we propose a feasible scheme of
such a measurement for atomic and optical 2-level systems based on basic
controlled-NOT gate.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
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