Težina ruksaka i načini nošenja ruksaka učenika u osnovnoj školi: Trebamo li biti zabrinuti?

Improper backpack use can cause various health problems, such as lower back, back, and shoulder pain and postural distortion in children. These problems reduce the quality of life of children and affect their success in their educational lives. This study aimed to determine the weights of primary school students’ backpack and their backpack use status. The results of this study offer a guide for the educational practitioners oriented at gaining positive behaviors by using the right backpack. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the fall semester of 2017. The sample comprised 374 students from three different schools in Ankara, aged 6-11. Data collection was done using a personal information form and checklist for backpack use, which was developed based on the related literature. The study used descriptive statistics, independent group t-test and one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) for data analysis. The mean backpack weight was 4.03 kg. The study found that 96.2% of the children wore their backpacks using both shoulder straps, 54.2% of their backpacks were not in full contact with their backs, and 42.1% of the children wore their backpacks below their back and did not use a waist belt. The study determined the mean rate of the children’s backpack weight to their body weight as 14.4%. The study found that backpack weight increases in parallel with the child’s age and grade. The study reported that backpack weights and improper backpack use among primary school students were high and most of the children carried backpacks that were heavier than 10% of their body weight.Nepravilno nošenje školske torbe, točnije, ruksaka može uzrokovat različite zdravstvene probleme kao što su bolovi u donjem dijelu leđa, u leđima, u ramenima te iskrivljeno držanje djece. Ti problemi smanjuju kvalitetu života djece i utječu na njihov uspjeh u obrazovanju. Cilj ovoga istraživanja je odrediti težinu ruksaka te način na koji učenici nose torbe. Rezultati ovoga istraživanja nude smjernice za donošenje pozitivnih postupaka kod nošenja dobre torbe. Ovo deskriptivno, transverzalno istraživanje provedeno je u jesen 2017. godine. Uzorak je činilo 374 učenika iz tri različite škole u Ankari u dobi od 6 do 11 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni koristeći obrazac za osobne informacije i kontrolni list za nošenje ruksaka koji je nastao oslanjajući se da povezanu literaturu. Za obradu podataka u istraživanju je korištena deskriptivna statistika, nezavisni grupni t-test i jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA). Srednja vrijednost težine ruksaka bila je 4,03 kg. Istraživanje je pokazalo da 96,2 % djece nosi ruksak koristeći obje naramenice, a 42,1 % djece nosi školsku torbu ispod leđa i ne koristi pojas oko struka. Istraživanjem je određeno da je omjer srednju vrijednost školske torbe u odnosu na učeničku tjelesnu težinu 14,4 %. Također se pokazalo da se težina ruksaka povećava s djetetovom dobi i razredom. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je težina ruksaka i nepravilno nošenje ruksaka prilično visoka među učenicima osnovne škole te da većina učenika nosi ruksak koji je teži od 10 % njihove tjelesne težine.

Awareness of Turkish Nursing Students About Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer and Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

WOS: 000284509400005The aim of this study was to evaluate nursing students' knowledge about risk factors for cervical cancer and prophylactic HPV vaccine. The nursing students in a nursing school in Turkey were asked to complete a self administered questionnaire evaluating the knowledge of students regarding STDs, cervical cancer and HPV vaccine. From a total of 650 female nursing students, 400 agreed to fill in the questionnaire. While 98% of the students defined HIV infection as STD, only 37% of them indicated that HPV is one of the STDs. About one-third of the students reported that HPV is a risk factor for the cervical cancer. Only 16% of the students had heard of HPV vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer. Most of the students had no sexual intercourse before. In conclusion, nursing students' knowledge especially on the association of HPV and cervical cancer is not satisfactory