Kesediaan graduan baharu mendanai pengoperasian universiti

Graduan merupakan imej penting kepada sesebuah universiti. Penyediaan kepada pelajar dengan kualiti akademik dan infrastruktur sokongan yang baik merupakan antara indikator penting pihak universiti untuk merealisasikan pembentukan imej graduan yang berkualiti. Hasilnya, imej ini mewujudkan satu bentuk hubungan dua hala jangka panjang dalam pelbagai aspek melibatkan sumbangan semula dalam bentuk kewangan dan bukan kewangan. Memandangkan sumbangan kewangan dari graduan kepada universiti telah popular dalam kalangan universiti tersohor di dunia, maka kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesediaan untuk memberi sumbangan kewangan kepada pihak universiti terutama dalam kalangan graduan baharu setelah memperoleh pekerjaan. Bagi mencapai tujuan tersebut, instrumen borang soal selidik yang melibatkan 431 orang graduan baharu sebuah universiti awam di Perak yang berkonvokesyen pada tahun 2015 telah dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Kajian ini mengkaji lima faktor penting berkaitan universiti iaitu kemudahan, aktiviti pelajar, kualiti akademik, hasil pengajian, pengurusan universiti, dan dua pemboleh ubah kawalan iaitu jantina dan kategori pembiayaan semasa pengajian. Hasil analisis kajian menunjukkan tahap kesediaan graduan untuk menyumbang agak rendah. Kebanyakan pemboleh ubah kajian didapati tidak signifikan dengan pemboleh ubah kualiti akademik sahaja mempengaruhi secara positif, manakala pemboleh ubah kategori pembiayaan semasa pengajian dan kemudahan pula mempengaruhi secara negatif. Pengaruh biaya pengajian khususnya menunjukkan komitmen graduan untuk membayar semula hutang lebih diutamakan berbanding memberi sumbangan kepada pihak universiti. Kesimpulan penting daripada kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa tahap kesediaan graduan untuk memberikan sumbangan kewangan kepada pihak universiti adalah masih lemah. Untuk merealisasikan konsep sumbangan graduan kepada pihak universiti, faktor kualiti akademik semata-mata tidak mampu mempengaruhi hubungan kesediaan tersebut. Terdapat pelbagai strategi perlu dirancang oleh pihak universiti bagi melahirkan graduan yang bersedia untuk memberi sumbangan semula seperti sifat kepunyaan, kecintaaan kepada universiti dan sebagainya

Bantuan kewangan dan pembangunan ekonomi di ASEAN: hipotesis Kuznets

Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji sejauh mana bantuan kewangan luar signifikan kepada pembangunan ekonomi. Empat indikator pembangunan sebagai pengukur bantuan kewangan dianalisis iaitu kadar pertumbuhan ekonomi, indeks pendidikan, indeks jangka hayat dan indeks pembangunan manusia menggunakan kaedah data panel. Tempoh masa kajian bermula dari tahun 2000 hingga tahun 2012 melibatkan 7 buah negara ASEAN. Hasil regresi mendapati bahawa bantuan kewangan signifikan membantu negara-negara ASEAN mencapai matlamat pembangunan. Koefisien negatif bagi pembolehubah kuadratik jumlah bantuan membuktikan bahawa hipotesis U-terbalik bantuan-Kuznets (Aid-Kuznets inverted U-hypothesis) berlaku dan bantuan kewangan diterima telah digunakan secara berkesan. Sehubungan itu, dapatan kajian ini memberi implikasi bahawa bantuan kewangan luar adalah penting dalam membantu pembangunan sesebuah negara. Hal ini dicapai melalui perbelanjaan berkesan daripada bantuan kewangan diterima yang dilakukan

Assessment on Economic Growth of Development Indicators in ASEAN: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

This article analyses the relationship between economic growth and certain important indicators in economic development. These include the mortality rate, life expectancy, and unemployment rate in five different ASEAN countries from the years 1980 to 2010 using panel data analysis. The result of this estimation suggests that there exists a long-term relationship between economic growth and these development indicators, which is compatible with the theory highlighted in the economy. This shows that economic growth does have an impact on the development of a country in various aspects. Keywords: Economic growth, economic development, ASEA

Impak kitaran sosial dalam sumbangan alumni terhadap pendapatan endowmen universiti

Pelan Strategik Pengajian Tinggi Negara (PSPTN) dirangka bagi memperkasa pendidikan tinggi negara. Antara perancangan pelan ini adalah memberikan kuasa autonomi kepada pihak universiti untuk menguruskan operasi universiti. Keadaan ini bergantung kepada kemampuan pihak universiti untuk mencapai peruntukan sasaran kementerian bagi menanggung kos operasi mengurus dan membangun universiti. Antara strategi kewangan yang difokuskan dalam pelan ini ialah meningkatkan pendapatan endowmen universiti melalui sumbangan alumni. Walau bagaimanapun, kesanggupan alumni memberikan sumbangan boleh berubah-ubah dan bergantung kepada beberapa faktor. Dalam kajian ini, lima faktor sumbangan alumni telah dianalisis iaitu pengurusan kewangan, personaliti diri, eksternal, pengurusan universiti dan jalinan universiti-komuniti. Faktor-faktor ini turut diinteraksi untuk menghasilkan indikator yang dikenali pemboleh ubah kitaran sosial. Pemboleh ubah kitaran bertujuan mengukur impak perubahan faktor-faktor terhadap nilai sumbangan. Ujian regresi diaplikasi untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dikaji terhadap sumbangan alumni ini. Dapatan analisis menunjukkan bahawa pemboleh ubah kitaran sosial mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap pendapatan endowmen universiti antara 3 hingga 4 peratus. Implikasi kajian ini membuktikan saluran sumbangan alumni signifikan untuk diteroka oleh pihak universiti bagi menampung sebahagian defisit peruntukan yang dialami

Macroeconomic variables and Malaysian Islamic stock market: a time series analysis

This research will focus on the relationship between the development of Islamic stock market and macroeconomic variables in Malaysia. Generally, the purpose of this research is to observe this relationship in Malaysian context. In order to achieve the objective, an estimation of Vector Auto Regression (VAR) method was appli ed on the created research model. The variables involved in this research are Kuala Lumpur Syariah Index (KLSI), Industrial Production Index (IPI), Consumer Production Index (CPI), Aggregate Money Supply (M3), Islamic Inter Bank Rate (IIR) and Exchange Rat e of Malaysian Ringgit - United States Dollar. This research used monthly data from April 1999 to October 2007 taken from authorized sources. The findings showed that Islamic stock prices are co - integrated with the selected macroeconomic variables in which the stock price is related positively and significantly with IPI and CPI variables but related negatively and significantly with M3 and MYR variables. Meanwhile, its relation with IIR variables is found negative but insignificant. From the aspect of Gran ger causal relationship it is found that variables of CPI, M3 and MYR are the Granger cause for KLSI and the KLSI is the Granger cause for IPI, CPI and MYR

Integration of Islamic real estate investment trusts in Malaysia: is it an issue for investors?

Various stakeholders and academicians have shown their interest in the study of capital market instruments such as stock market, bond and real estate investment trust (REITs). As such, there rises a need to review the importance of capital markets integration. This study took a closer look at the co-integration between Islamic real estate investment trust counters in Malaysia by applying the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) method. Data were generated by processing monthly data from January 2007 to December 2013 obtained from authorized sources. The findings indicated that there was no long-run or equilibrium relationship between the Islamic al-Aqar, al-Hadharah and Axis counters. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the Islamic REIT companies in Malaysia do not integrate each other in the long run. This will create opportunity for investors to diversify their investment portfolios in Malaysia. As seen from the Granger causality view, the Hadharah and Axis returns were driven by al-Aqar returns in the short run

Potensi Amanah Pelaburan Hartanah Islam (I-Reit) dalam membangunkan industri sawit di Malaysia

Amanah Pelaburan Hartanah Islam (I-REIT) merupakan satu instrumen pasaran modal yang berlandaskan syariah. Kewujudan I-REIT memberi peluang kepada pelabur untuk melabur dalam bidang hartanah. Al-Hadharah Boustead REIT yang ditubuhkan pada tahun 2007 merupakan satu-satunya instrumen Amanah Pelaburan Hartanah Islam (IREIT) yang berasaskan perladangan kelapa sawit di Malaysia. Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan prinsip syariah yang diguna pakai oleh Al-Hadharah Boustead REIT serta sumbangannya dalam industri sawit negara. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan Al-Hadharah Boustead REIT menggunakan prinsip al-musyārakah, Al-wakālah, Al-Ujr dan harta musyā dalam aktiviti pelaburannya. Di samping itu, penguasaan pemilikan Al-Hadharah Boustead REIT dalam industri sawit negara menunjukkan peningkatan yang memberangsangkan sepanjang tempoh kajian

THE TENDENCY OF USING MICRO TAKAFUL AMONG MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRENEURS AT PELEPAT ILIR, JAMBI, INDONESIA

Micro takaful is one of the takaful product development strategies in developing the 'marginalized' economy of financial institutions. The objective of this study is to provide empirical evidence on financial inclusion as a factor of behavioral control in the Theory of Perceived Behavior (TPB) to analyze its influence with the tendency of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) entrepreneurs to the use of micro takaful. Data distributed via questionnaires to 372 respondents were analyzed using descriptive and structural equation modeling. The results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant effect between attitude and financial inclusion on the tendency of using micro takaful. On the contrary, subjective norm factors have no significant effect on the proposed model. The implications of the study indicate that financial inclusion is one of the most important policies to achieve sustainable development. In addition, takaful institutions and policy makers need to expand the supply of microfinance products, especially micro takaful scheme to MSME in Indonesia to ensure the protection and security of their businesses

The Link between Gold Price, Oil Price and Islamic Stock Market: Experience from Malaysia

This research will focus on the relationship between strategic commodities (namely oil and gold prices) and the Islamic stock market in Malaysia. The objective of this research is to analyze the dynamic effects of oil price and gold price changes on the Islamic stock market in Malaysia using an estimation of the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) method. The variables involved in this research are Crude Oil Price (COP), Kijang Gold Price (KGP), and FTSE Bursa Malaysia Emas Shariah Index (FBMES). Using data covering the period from January 2007 to December 2011, the study applies the co-integration analysis, Granger causality test, Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Variance Decomposition (VDC) analysis. The findings show that Islamic stock returns were not co-integrated with strategic commodities in the long run. From the Granger causality viewpoint, it was observed that there was a bi-directional causality relationship between Islamic stock returns with oil prices. On the other hand, the FBMES was not affected by the gold prices or vice versa. Therefore, it can be concluded that, among strategic commodities, only oil's price variables will affect the Islamic stock return in the short run in Malaysia. This proves that the Kijang Gold Price is not a valid variable for the purpose of predicting changes in Islamic share prices

The role of ar-rahn in enhancing financial inclusion: a structural equation modeling approach

This study examines the relationship between financial inclusion and the adoption of ar-rahn financing in enhancing the well-being of its customers throughout Malaysia. Data distributed via questionnaire to 239 respondents were analyzed using descriptive and structural equation modeling. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between financial inclusion and ar-rahn’s financing adoption. In addition, the adoption of ar-rahn among customers improves the well-being of individuals and society. This paper contributes to the existing literatures and provide new insights on how financial inclusion could increase the adoption of ar-rahn financing and consequently the individual and societal well-being