Dataset for the reporting of carcinoma of renal tubular origin:recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR)

AIMS The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR) has provided detailed datasets based upon the published reporting protocols of the Royal College of Pathologists, The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia and the College of American Pathologists. METHODS AND RESULTS The dataset for carcinomas of renal tubular origin treated by nephrectomy was developed to provide a minimum structured reporting template suitable for international use and incorporated recommendations from the 2012 Vancouver Consensus Conference of the International Society of Urological Pathology and the fourth edition of the World Health Organization Bluebook on tumours of the urinary and male genital systems published in 2016. Reporting elements were divided into those, which are Required and Recommended components of the report. Required elements are; specimen laterality, operative procedure, attached structures, tumour focality, tumour dimension, tumour type, WHO/ISUP grade, sarcomatoid/rhabdoid morphology, tumour necrosis, extent of invasion, lymph node status, surgical margin status, AJCC TNM staging and co-existing pathology. Recommended reporting elements are; pre-operative treatment, details of tissue removed for experimental purposes prior to submission, site of tumour(s) block identification key, extent of sarcomatoid and/or rhabdoid component, extent of necrosis, presence of tumour in renal vein wall, lymphovascular invasion and lymph node status (size of largest focus and extranodal extension). CONCLUSIONS It is anticipated that the implementation of this dataset in routine clinical practise will inform patient treatment as well as provide standardized information relating to outcome prediction. The harmonisation of data reporting should also facilitate international research collaborations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

RESPIROMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL KINETICS IN ALGAE-BACTERIA AND ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESSES

Algae-bacteria consortia can be successfully exploited for effective wastewater treatment, based on the algal photosynthetic oxygen production, which allows reducing energy requirements for oxygenation. Kinetic models and parameters for bacterial populations grown in the conventional activated sludge process are well known but their effectiveness in describing bacterial kinetics in algae-bacteria consortia have not been yet validated. In this work, a respirometric procedure was applied to estimate bacterial kinetics at different conditions of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and substrates concentrations in activated sludge and algae-bacteria consortia, highlighting important differences. Results showed that bacterial activities were influenced by process operation and environmental conditions in the two systems. Bacteria in algae-bacteria consortia were adapted to a wider range of conditions compared to activated sludge bacteria, suggesting that calibrating algae-bacteria kinetic models is essential for an effective modelling, and respirometry was proven to be a powerful tool to this purpose

An approximate linear solvation energy relationships model based on Snyder's selectivity parameters. Chromatographic behavior of some 1-aralkyl-4-arylpiperazines

In order to elucidate the influence of the mobile phase composition on the retention of some 1-aralkyl-4-arylpiperazines, Snyder's selectivity and polarity concept for building a simple linear solvation energy relationships model of chromatographic behavior was used. Maximum variability of mobile phase selectivity was achieved by using ternary mixtures of solvents from three different corners of the Snyder selectivity triangle: methanol as a strong proton donor, acetone as a strong proton acceptor and dimethyl formamide as a dipole interactor. Water was added to keep elution strength constant. Mobile phase composition was varied using Simplex-lattice mixture design. Selectivity parameters were calculated on the basis of linear relationships between volume fractions of pure solvents and their chi (e) , chi (d) , chi (n) values. For seven-substituted 1-aralkyl-4-arylpiperazines R (M) values were measured and correlated with previously calculated selectivity parameters. Mathematical models obtained are discussed according to the structural properties of the studied compounds