3,877 research outputs found
Electrostatic Patch Effect in Cylindrical Geometry. III. Torques
We continue to study the effect of uneven voltage distribution on two close
cylindrical conductors with parallel axes started in our papers [1] and [2],
now to find the electrostatic torques. We calculate the electrostatic potential
and energy to lowest order in the gap to cylinder radius ratio for an arbitrary
relative rotation of the cylinders about their symmetry axis. By energy
conservation, the axial torque, independent of the uniform voltage difference,
is found as a derivative of the energy in the rotation angle. We also derive
both the axial and slanting torques by the surface integration method: the
torque vector is the integral over the cylinder surface of the cross product of
the electrostatic force on a surface element and its position vector. The
slanting torque consists of two parts: one coming from the interaction between
the patch and the uniform voltages, and the other due to the patch interaction.
General properties of the torques are described. A convenient model of a
localized patch suggested in [2] is used to calculate the torques explicitly in
terms of elementary functions. Based on this, we analyze in detail patch
interaction for one pair of patches, namely, the torque dependence on the patch
parameters (width and strength) and their mutual positions. The effect of the
axial torque is then studied for the experimental conditions of the STEP
mission.Comment: 28 pages, 6 Figures. Submitted to Classical Quantum Gravit
Study of the crossover transition of a gas of extended hadrons
We formulate a simple model for a gas of extended hadrons at zero chemical
potential by taking inspiration from the compressible bag model. We show that a
crossover transition qualitatively similar to lattice QCD can be reproduced by
such a system by including some appropriate additional dynamics. Under certain
conditions, at high temperature, the system consists of a finite number of
infinitely extended bags, which occupy the entire space. In this situation the
system behaves as an ideal gas of quarks and gluons.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark
Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennesse
Crossover transition in bag-like models
We formulate a simple model for a gas of extended hadrons at zero chemical
potential by taking inspiration from the compressible bag model. We show that a
crossover transition qualitatively similar to lattice QCD can be reproduced by
such a system by including some appropriate additional dynamics. Under certain
conditions, at high temperature, the system consist of a finite number of
infinitely extended bags, which occupy the entire space. In this situation the
system behaves as an ideal gas of quarks and gluons.Comment: Corresponds to the published version. Added few references and
changed the titl
Particle Number Fluctuations in Statistical Model with Exact Charge Conservation Laws
Even though the first momenta i.e. the ensemble average quantities in
canonical ensemble (CE) give the grand canonical (GC) results in large
multiplicity limit, the fluctuations involving second moments do not respect
this asymptotic behaviour. Instead, the asymptotics are strikingly different,
giving a new handle in study of statistical particle number fluctuations in
relativistic nuclear reactions. Here we study the analytical large volume
asymptotics to general case of multispecies hadron gas carrying fixed baryon
number, strangeness and electric charge. By means of Monte Carlo simulations we
have also studied the general multiplicity probability distributions taking
into account the decay chains of resonance states.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. The report of the talk given in Strangeness in
Quark Matter 2004, Cape Town. Submitted to J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phy
Thromboembolic events in patients treated with anti-angiogenic drugs
Induction of neo-angiogenesis is a fundamental step in many pathological conditions. The therapeutic value of inhibiting angiogenesis is an interesting area of research in oncology, with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) being the most suitable anti-angiogenic target. In the last decade a number of anti-VEGF drugs have demonstrated, especially in combination with standard chemotherapy, clinical efficacy in the treatment of different solid tumor types. As data from clinical trials on anti-VEGF drugs are becoming available, it is increasingly recognized that VEGF, in addition to being a permeability, proliferation, and migration factor, is also a maintenance and protection factor for endothelial cells, being capable of regulating multiple biological functions, i.e. the production of vasoactive mediators and the expression of components of the thrombolytic and coagulation pathways. Consequently, the disturbance of vascular homeostasis by blocking VEGF may lead to endothelial dysfunction and adverse vascular effects, such as venous and arterial thromboembolic events. In preclinical models angiogenesis and the increased expression of VEGF has been associated to altered expression of proinflammatory genes. These genes may be regulated in a biphasic manner, and it is possible that anti-VEGF therapy may disrupt a negative feedback loop that leads to potential in situ thrombus formation. Accordingly, combination treatment with bevacizumab and chemotherapy, compared with chemotherapy alone, was recently associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism. The present review considers the biological mechanisms and clinical impact of thromboembolic complications during anti-angiogenic treatments in cancer patients
Pion Number Fluctuations and Correlations in the Statistical System with Fixed Isospin
The statistical system of pions with zero total isospin is studied. The
suppression effects for the average yields due to isospin conservation are the
same for , and . However, a behavior of the corresponding
particle number fluctuations are different. For neutral pions there is the
enhancement of the fluctuations, whereas for charged pions the isospin
conservation suppresses fluctuations. The correlations between the numbers of
charged and neutral pions are observed for finite systems. This causes a
maximum of the total pion number fluctuations for small systems. The
thermodynamic limit values for the scaled variances of neutral and charged
pions are calculated. The enhancements of the fluctuations due to Bose
statistics are found and discussed
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer prevention and therapy
Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be regarded as an effective approach for cancer chemoprevention, as demonstrated by a bulk of clinical and experimental evidence. However, the clinical use of these drugs as chemopreventive agents is limited by many open questions about the optimal drug, dose, duration of therapy and knowledge about the mechanism(s) by which these drugs act. In particular, the recent data on cardiovascular toxicity of coxibs has posed some limitations on the use of NSAIDs for cancer chemoprevention in the general population. The situation is different in certain genetically susceptible subgroups, such as in individuals with genetic mutations associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) or familiar adenomatous polyps (FAP) in whom lifetime risk increases up to 70-90% and in whom the benefit of a chemopreventive drug might justify its use even in the presence of adverse effects
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer prevention and therapy
Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be regarded as an effective approach for cancer chemoprevention, as demonstrated by a bulk of clinical and experimental evidence. However, the clinical use of these drugs as chemopreventive agents is limited by many open questions about the optimal drug, dose, duration of therapy and knowledge about the mechanism(s) by which these drugs act. In particular, the recent data on cardiovascular toxicity of coxibs has posed some limitations on the use of NSAIDs for cancer chemoprevention in the general population. The situation is different in certain genetically susceptible subgroups, such as in individuals with genetic mutations associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) or familiar adenomatous polyps (FAP) in whom lifetime risk increases up to 70-90% and in whom the benefit of a chemopreventive drug might justify its use even in the presence of adverse effects
Shared multisensory experience affects Others' boundary: The enfacement illusion in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia has been described as a psychiatric condition characterized by deficits in one's own and others' face recognition, as well as by a disturbed sense of body-ownership. To date, no study has integrated these two lines of research with the aim of investigating Enfacement Illusion (EI) proneness in schizophrenia. To accomplish this goal, the classic EI protocol was adapted to test the potential plasticity of both Self-Other and Other-Other boundaries. Results showed that EI induced the expected malleability of Self-Other boundary among both controls and patients. Interestingly, for the first time, the present study demonstrates that also the Other-Other boundary was influenced by EI. Furthermore, comparing the two groups, the malleability of the Other-Other boundary showed an opposite modulation. These results suggest that, instead of greater Self-Other boundary plasticity, a qualitative difference can be detected between schizophrenia patients and controls in the malleability of the Other-Other boundary. The present study points out a totally new aspect about body-illusions and schizophrenia disorder, demonstrating that EI is not only confined to self-sphere but it also affects the way we discriminate others, representing a potential crucial aspect in the social domain
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