Síndrome de Ekbom e torcicolo espasmódico: Relato de caso

A síndrome de Ekbom, conhecida também como delírio de infestação parasitária, acarofobia, "delusional parasitosis", parasitose psicogênica, é doença de rara ocorrência. Caracteriza-se pela firme convicção dos pacientes de que estão infectados por vermes que saem pela pele, em geral do couro cabeludo ou até mesmo da boca, dos olhos e da região genital. A maioria dos pacientes é idosa e do sexo feminino, freqüentemente com isolamento social. Alguns casos estão associados a doenças orgânicas como hipertireoidismo, diabetes, lesões corticais, intoxicações medicamentosas. A comorbidade com torcicolo espasmódico, até onde vai nosso conhecimento, é um achado inédito na literatura. Relatamos caso de uma senhora de 72 anos de idade que se apresentou com torcicolo espasmódico associado ao quadro psiquiátrico

Dor central devida a compressão do cortex parietal por tumor cerebral: relato de dois casos Central pain from cerebral cortical parietal tumors: report of two cases

Dor central produzida por tumores cerebrais é considerada rara pela maioria dos autores. Os poucos casos descritos na literatura fazem referência à dor central provocada pela presença de lesões expansivas acometendo o córtex parietal contralateral. Nem mesmo os tumores talâmicos costumam produzir dor central. Apresentamos dois casos de dor central associada a lesões expansivas que acometeram o córtex parietal, 1 astrocitoma low grade e 1 meningioma. Em ambos houve alívio da dor após a remoção cirúrgica das lesões.<br>Central pain derived from cerebral tumors is considered rare by most authors. The few cases described in literature refer to central pain caused by expansive lesions in the contralatral parietal cortex. Usually, not even thalamic tumors cause central pain. We describe two cases of central pain related to expansive lesions in the parietal cortical region -- a low grade astrocytoma and a meningioma. Both patients reported pain relief after lesions were removed by surgery

Ticagrelor in patients with diabetes and stable coronary artery disease with a history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention (THEMIS-PCI) : a phase 3, placebo-controlled, randomised trial

Background: Patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes with previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly those with previous stenting, are at high risk of ischaemic events. These patients are generally treated with aspirin. In this trial, we aimed to investigate if these patients would benefit from treatment with aspirin plus ticagrelor. Methods: The Effect of Ticagrelor on Health Outcomes in diabEtes Mellitus patients Intervention Study (THEMIS) was a phase 3 randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, done in 1315 sites in 42 countries. Patients were eligible if 50 years or older, with type 2 diabetes, receiving anti-hyperglycaemic drugs for at least 6 months, with stable coronary artery disease, and one of three other mutually non-exclusive criteria: a history of previous PCI or of coronary artery bypass grafting, or documentation of angiographic stenosis of 50% or more in at least one coronary artery. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to either ticagrelor or placebo, by use of an interactive voice-response or web-response system. The THEMIS-PCI trial comprised a prespecified subgroup of patients with previous PCI. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (measured in the intention-to-treat population). Findings: Between Feb 17, 2014, and May 24, 2016, 11 154 patients (58% of the overall THEMIS trial) with a history of previous PCI were enrolled in the THEMIS-PCI trial. Median follow-up was 3·3 years (IQR 2·8–3·8). In the previous PCI group, fewer patients receiving ticagrelor had a primary efficacy outcome event than in the placebo group (404 [7·3%] of 5558 vs 480 [8·6%] of 5596; HR 0·85 [95% CI 0·74–0·97], p=0·013). The same effect was not observed in patients without PCI (p=0·76, p interaction=0·16). The proportion of patients with cardiovascular death was similar in both treatment groups (174 [3·1%] with ticagrelor vs 183 (3·3%) with placebo; HR 0·96 [95% CI 0·78–1·18], p=0·68), as well as all-cause death (282 [5·1%] vs 323 [5·8%]; 0·88 [0·75–1·03], p=0·11). TIMI major bleeding occurred in 111 (2·0%) of 5536 patients receiving ticagrelor and 62 (1·1%) of 5564 patients receiving placebo (HR 2·03 [95% CI 1·48–2·76], p<0·0001), and fatal bleeding in 6 (0·1%) of 5536 patients with ticagrelor and 6 (0·1%) of 5564 with placebo (1·13 [0·36–3·50], p=0·83). Intracranial haemorrhage occurred in 33 (0·6%) and 31 (0·6%) patients (1·21 [0·74–1·97], p=0·45). Ticagrelor improved net clinical benefit: 519/5558 (9·3%) versus 617/5596 (11·0%), HR=0·85, 95% CI 0·75–0·95, p=0·005, in contrast to patients without PCI where it did not, p interaction=0·012. Benefit was present irrespective of time from most recent PCI. Interpretation: In patients with diabetes, stable coronary artery disease, and previous PCI, ticagrelor added to aspirin reduced cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, although with increased major bleeding. In that large, easily identified population, ticagrelor provided a favourable net clinical benefit (more than in patients without history of PCI). This effect shows that long-term therapy with ticagrelor in addition to aspirin should be considered in patients with diabetes and a history of PCI who have tolerated antiplatelet therapy, have high ischaemic risk, and low bleeding risk