Standardisation of milk MIR spectra: a first step to create new tools of dairy farm management

peer reviewe

Chemometric tools for NIRS and NIR hyperspectral imaging

Nowadays in agriculture, new analytical tools based on spectroscopic technologies are developed. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a well known technology in the agricultural sector allowing the acquisition of chemical information from the samples with a large number of advantages, such as: easy to use tool, fast and simultaneous analysis of several components, non-polluting, non-invasive and non destructive technology, and possibility of online or field implementation. Recently, NIRS system was combined with imaging technologies creating the Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging system (NIR-HSI). This technology provides simultaneously spectral and spatial information from an object. The main differences between NIR-HSI and NIRS is that many spectra can be recorded simultaneously from a large area of an object with the former while with NIRS only one spectrum was recorded for analysis on a small area. In this work, both technologies are presented with special focus on the main spectrum and images analysis methods. Several qualitative and quantitative applications of NIRS and NIR-HSI in agricultural products are listed. Developments of NIRS and NIR-HSI will enhance progress in the field of agriculture by providing high quality and safe agricultural products, better plant and grain selection techniques or compound feed industry’s productivity among others.Peer reviewe

Highlighting a New Morphospecies within the Dialium Genus Using Leaves and Wood Traits

peer reviewedDuring inventories of lesser-known timber species in eastern Gabon, a new Dialium morphospecies was discovered. To discriminate it from the two other 2–5 leaflets Dialium species, 25 leaf traits were measured on 45 trees (16 Dialium pachyphyllum, 14 Dialium lopense, 15 Dialium sp. nov.). Nine wood chemical traits, as well as infrared spectra, were also examined on harvestable trees (four Dialium pachyphyllum and four Dialium sp. nov.). This study revealed seven discriminant leaf traits that allowed to create a field identification key. Nine significant differences (five in sapwood and four in heartwood) in terms of wood composition were highlighted. The use of the PLS-DA technique on FT-IR wood spectra allowed to accurately identify the new morphospecies. These results provide strong support for describing a new species in this genus. Implications for sustainable management of its populations are also discussed.Essence à Haut Potentiel de Valorisation (EHPva

Perspectives offered by near - infrared hyperspectral imaging in the study of legume root systems

Cet article synthétise les résultats de plusieurs études menées sur des systèmes racinaires de pois protéagineux en utilisant les données fournies par l'imagerie hyperspectrale proche infrarouge, une technique d'analyse combinant l'imagerie et la spectroscopie vibrationnelle. Dans un premier cas d'étude, cette méthode d'analyse a permis de quantifier la masse de racines de pois protéagineux au sein d'échantillons de racines prélevés sous des cultures en association de pois protéagineux et de froment d'hiver. Dans un second cas d'étude, cette méthode d'analyse a permis de quantifier la leghémoglobine au sein de nodosités individuelles de pois. La concentration de cette molécule st liée à l'activité de fixation d'azote des nodosités et sert dès lors d'indicateur pour mesurer cette activité. Sur base des résultats de ces études, cet article propose aussi des pistes de réflexion et de développement en lien avec l'imagerie hyperspectrale dans l'étude des systèmes racinaires de légumineuses. Il vise également à démontrer dans quelle mesure cette technique d'analyse constitue un outil de mesure intéressant dans l'étude des systèmes racinaires en général