Modes of representation in contemporary Galician visual poetry

Visual poetry in Galicia had a plural and discontinuous existence in the twentieth century'! Its development in Galicia follows national (Spanish) and international artistic practices, while also engaging in the configuration of a local, national, and transnational Galician identity. The practice of different styles of visual poetry shows a rich line of creativity, especially in the last four decades. Their approaches coincide with sociocultural and economic changes in Spain, such as the end of the dictatorship in 1975, the consequent normalization of the Galician language, and more recently the progressive influence of globalization. This essay considers how current Galician visual poets reconceptualize these issues in the context of an international cultural and visual aesthetics

Shareholder value creators and shareholder value destroyers in USA. Year 2002

2002 was a bad year: the shareholder value destruction of the companies in the S&P 500 was $3.3 trillion. In 2002 only 16$8.1 trillion in 2002 and $10.4 trillion in 2001. The top shareholder value creators in 2002 were Boston Scientific ($6.5 billion), Bank of America ($6.4 billion), Wachovia ($4.7 billion), and Procter ($3.3 billion). The top shareholder value destroyers in 2002 were General Electric (-$185 billion), Intel (-$125 billion), Microsoft (-$119 billion) and AOL Time Warner (-$101 billion). We define created shareholder value and provide the ranking of created shareholder value for the 500 companies. We also calculate the created shareholder value of the 500 companies during the five-year period 1998-2002. Wal-Mart Stores was the top shareholder value creator and Coca Cola the top shareholder value destroyer during the five-year period. We also provide the shareholder return of the 500 companies. Only 148 companies (out of the 500) had positive return in 2002, the highest being Providian Financial (82.8%). Dynegy had the lowest return (-95.3%).shareholders value creation; created shareholder value; equity market value; shareholder value added; shareholder return; required return to equity; EVA;

Shareholder value creators in the S&P 500: Year 2003

During 2003, 87% of the companies in the S&P 500 created value, compared to just 17% in 2002. The market value of the 500 companies in 2003 was $10.1 trillion, compared to$7.9 trillion in 2002. The top shareholder value creators in 2003 were Intel, Cisco, Citigroup, General Electric and Exxon. We define created shareholder value and provide the ranking of created shareholder value for the 500 companies. We also calculate the created shareholder value of the 500 companies over the eleven-year period 1993-2003. General Electric was the top shareholder value creator and AT&T, the top shareholder value destroyer during the period. On the average, the small cap companies in the S&P 500 were more profitable than the large caps. The volatility of the S&P 500 fell over the period 1998 to 2003, but the volatility of its components increased on the average.shareholder value creation; created shareholder value; equity market value; shareholder value added;

A robust immersed boundary method for flow in complex geometries: study of aerosol deposition in the human extrathoracic airways

The flow and the transport of particles in the human respiratory system dictate the effectiveness of therapeutic aerosols used in inhaled drug delivery. The aerosol particles are generally inhaled through the mouth, passing by the throat before reaching the targeted areas in the lungs. Therefore, knowledge of the particle deposition in the mouth-throat region is critical in the design of effective inhalation devices for optimum delivery to the lungs. Numerical simulations offer a non-invasive and cost-effective alternative to in vivo and in vitro tests. However, accurate prediction remains a challenge for numerical models due to the complexity of the flow in the extrathoracic airways. A robust immersed boundary method for flow in complex geometries is proposed. This greatly simplifies the task of grid generation and eliminates the problems associated with grid quality that exist for boundary-fitted grid techniques. The proposed method is an extension to the momentum forcing approach onto curvilinear coordinates and applies an iterative procedure to compute the forcing term implicitly, which stabilizes the scheme for higher Reynolds numbers. The use of a curvilinear grid minimizes the number of unused cells outside the geometry and increases the efficiency of the numerical scheme. The method is validated against numerical and experimental data in the literature for a number of test cases on both Cartesian and curvilinear grids. The results show good agreement with previous studies. Direct numerical simulations were performed in a number of realistic mouth and throat geometries obtained from MRI scans. A Lagrangian particle tracking scheme was employed to advance the particles dynamically, and total and regional deposition efficiencies were determined and compared to in vitro data. The effect of inflow turbulence and intersubject variation on deposition was studied. Geometric variation has a large impact on total deposition whereas the effect of inflow turbulence is confined to oral deposition

Purification of Biomass Hydrolyzates for the Promotion of Xylose Diester Formation

The application of a novel xylose isolation procedure using phenyl boronic acid esterification has been limited to the hydrolyzates of low extractive biomasses like hardwoods and agricultural resides. Hydrolyzates with lower sugar and higher extractive concentrations, like softwoods, have not yielded xylose, or even xylose diester (XDE), the first intermediate product in the new process, under the same conditions. This research applied evaporation concentration, adsorbent separation and membrane filtration to these lower performing biomass hydrolyzates to maximize the yield of the XDE formation step of the new xylose extraction process. Lab-scale tests of these techniques were applied to pine hydrolyzate and the XDE formation step of the xylose extraction procedure was performed. Sugar concentrations of the hydrolyzates before and after treatments were measured using HPLC. Product yields were compared in order to determine the effectiveness of the various techniques in increasing the XDE yield. Results showed that activated carbon, one of the adsorbents used, increased yield by more than 230%, and membrane filtration improved XDE yield by 150%. The results of this research support large-scale testing of both of these techniques in future studies

Wavelet analysis of the ionospheric response at mid-latitudes during the April 200 storm using magnetograms and vTEC from GPS

In this work we pursue the idea of computing a parameter that allows us to estimate the local ionospheric response to a geospheric event that triggers an ionospheric storm. For that, wavelet technique has been chosen because of its ability to analyze non-stationary signals. The advantage of the time-frequency analysis method called Wavelet Transform resides in providing information not only about the frequencies of the event but also about its location in the time series. Specifically, we compute the Scale Average Wavelet Power (SAWP) of two parameters that describe the local geomagnetic field variation at the Earth surface caused by a geospheric storm and ionospheric response to the storm event. In particular, we propose the time delay between the maximum values of SAWP applied to the vTEC (vertical Total Electron Content) and the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field (H) variations as parameters to characterize the local behavior of the ionospheric storm. We applied the parameter to the geomagnetic and ionospheric disturbances caused by a coronal mass ejection (CME) that took place on April 4, 2000. We used vTEC values computed from GPS observations and H at the surface of the Earth, measured in stations near to each GPS station chosen. The vTEC values used came from the GPS permanent stations belonging to the global IGS (International GNSS Service) network. We chose stations located at magnetic mid-latitudes. Moreover, three-longitude bands representing the ionospheric behavior at different local times (LT) were studied. Because the April 2000 storm has been extensively studied for many authors, the results are compared with those in the literature and we found a very good agreement as expected.En este trabajo perseguimos la idea de estimar un parámetro que nos permita calcular la respuesta ionosférica local a un evento geosférico desencadenante de una tormenta ionosférica. Para ello, se eligió la aplicación de la técnica ondeleta debido a su capacidad para analizar señales no estacionarias. La ventaja del método de análisis en tiempo y frecuencia llamada Transformada Ondeleta reside en el hecho de que provee información, no sólo acerca de las frecuencias del evento, sino también sobre su ubicación en la serie de tiempo. En concreto, se calcula el promedio por escalas de la potencia de la transformada ondeleta (SWAP, de su sigla en inglés Scale Average Wavelet Power) para dos parámetros que describen la respuesta local de la magnetosfera y la ionosfera a una tormenta. En particular, se propone el retraso de tiempo entre los valores máximos de SAWP aplicadas al vTEC (Contenido Electrónico Total en dirección Vertical) y la componente horizontal del campo geomagnético (H), como parámetros cuyas variaciones caracterizan el comportamiento local de la tormenta ionosférica. El parámetro propuesto se aplicó a las perturbaciones geomagnética e ionosférica causadas por una eyección de masa coronal (CME, Coronal Mass Ejection), que tuvo lugar el 4 de abril de 2000. Se utilizaron valores vTEC calculados a partir de las observaciones GPS y H en la superficie de la Tierra, medida en las estaciones cercanas a cada estación de GPS elegida. Los valores de vTEC utilizados provinieron de las estaciones GPS permanentes que pertenecen a la red del servicio internacional IGS (International GNSS Service). Entre todas, elegimos estaciones situadas en latitudes magnéticas medias. Por otra parte, estudiamos tres bandas de longitud que representan el comportamiento de la ionosfera a distintas horas locales (LT). Debido a que la tormenta de abril de 2000 ha sido ampliamente estudiada por muchos autores, los resultados se comparan con los de la literatura y nos encontramos con un muy buen acuerdo entre los datos publicados y nuestros resultados, tal y como se esperaba.Fil: Fernandez, Laura Isabel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Meza, Amalia Margarita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas; ArgentinaFil: Van Zele, Maria Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; Argentin

Medios compositivos y nuevas formas de experiencia perceptiva en la poesía experimental española actual

La naturaleza híbrida y heterogénea de los modos poéticos experimentales —poéticas no versificadas y no declamatorias— constituye un rasgo distintivo de este macrogénero, el cual requiere para un mejor entendimiento un marco teórico apropiado y una revisión de las nociones convencionales de lírica, representación y discursividad. En este estudio se revisan estas nociones dentro del contexto poético español del siglo XXI y se presenta un nuevo modo de acercamiento a estas textualidades alteradas donde se subraya la no linealidad, los lenguajes no verbales y la tecnología como herramientas integrales en el proceso de creación y descodificación de estos múltiples modos compositivos

Paremias xeocosmolóxicas de predición do tempo en galego e maorí (Geocosmologic paroemias of weather prediction in Galician and Maori)

This comparative study collects phraseological units -dictons- (Rodegem 1984 e Sevilla Muñoz 1988; 1992) related to the semantic field of weather forecast from two cultures, which have not been in contact, and which are located in the antipodes of the planet: Galician and Maori. The methodology used utilizes a diachronic analysis (although not diastratic), of geocosmological proverbs, that can be or not in use nowadays, which include dictons about atmospheric phenomena, observation of the stars and star lore, and weather forecast through observation of animals, especially birds. The dictons collected in Maori do not come from informants but from the few books and digital sources available at the moment and this represents only a fragment of their traditional oral culture, thought and legacy of the different iwis. The collected dictons in Galician have been collected from a variety of digital corpus and resources

PROKALO Architecture Seminar Series 2008-2009

PROKALO Architecture Seminar Series 2008-200

Virtual worlds: visualizing early modern festivals in the Iberian world

This article explores the potential and limits Virtual Heritage Visualization techniques pose for historical/urban/architectural research. It discusses its aplication to the study of historic urban environments and early modern festivals in the Iberian world