Designing (the) politics of participation in science

UIDB/04209/2020 UIDP/04209/2020Living Labs foster participatory prototyping and technology testing in “real-life” situations. The literature exhibits a weak approach to Living Labs’ power relations. It is crucial to understand the visual apparatus employed by Living Labs because they model power relations inherent to participation, especially when commercial interests are involved. Some Living Labs’ visual models display indifference towards power imbalances and unquestioned faith in progress, diminishing the space for divergent positions. Living Labs are just the newest manifestation of the fundamental challenges of making ethical participation and technological innovation compatible, given that increased participation may not translate necessarily into noveltypublishersversionpublishe

The Drivers of Academic Novelty in Digital Capitalism: Job Insecurity, Mental Illness and Time Poverty

The present-day digital capitalist academy increases novel academic results by leveraging factors such as precarious academic employment, time poverty, and mental illness. This paradigm reveals a confluence that turns seemingly negative aspects into productive elements. The consequence of this hypothesis is that by enhancing work, time and mental health conditions, there may be a reduction in the number of novelties, with an enhancement of academic\u27s role as producers of truth

How to operationalize muddy waters? Half a century of censorship in Portugal

UIDB/04209/2020 UIDP/04209/2020 CEECIND/02813/2017/CP1463/CT0019Censorship studies are currently facing an important conceptual change towards enlarging the phenomena deemed to be censorial (class, race, gender), while risking losing sight of the conceptual specificity of what censorship means. If everything is censorship, then the concept loses explanatory power, but if we restrict the concept it fails to account for the multiple forms censorship takes to be powerful. By mapping censorship studies about the Portuguese dictatorship (1926–1974), we propose an overreaching framework to study the censorship phenomenon in general that articulates its institutional-regulatory and socio-structural dimensions. This articulation enables us to understand the dynamics, productivity and mutations of the regulatory dimension, without losing the conceptual specificity of censorship by assuming that only when this dimension manifests itself can structural constraints be considered part of the censorship process. This framework allows to identify which scientific areas, their preferential objects and methodologies, facilitate an articulated approach to censorship.publishersversionpublishe

roteiro de intervenção para governação em saúde

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A Combinação Público-Privado em Saúde:impacto no desempenho do sistema e nos resultados em saúde no contexto português

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências Sociais na Especialidade de Administração da Saúd

As grandes pandemias da história da Europa e os seus impactos na nossa civilização: desafios da moderna saúde pública

A história das pandemias está intrinsecamente associada à evolução da humanidade. Ao longo do tempo, ocorreram sucessivos eventos de natureza pandémica, que condicionaram, em grande medida, o desenvolvimento dos povos. A história milenar das pandemias revela o caráter recorrente deste tipo de fenómeno. Nas últimas décadas, tem sido crescente a preocupação com o risco associado a doenças emergentes. As alterações decorrentes do modelo de desenvolvimento social e económico têm contribuído para um agravamento das desigualdades relativamente às condições de vida das populações. A concentração humana, com tendência à concentração urbana, a mobilidade, as questões relativas ao meio ambiente e ao comportamento humano persistem como fatores determinantes na defesa contra os diferentes tipos de ameaças. A pandemia causada pelo vírus Sars-Cov-2 pôs à prova, em termos globais, os níveis de preparação e a capacidade de reação dos diferentes países, revelando a fragilidade das respostas e a grande dificuldade na proteção dos grupos sociais mais expostos à doença. O mundo contemporâneo dispõe de instrumentos tecnológicos e de capacitação ao nível da investigação científica e da partilha de informação e geração de conhecimento, que o tornam mais forte e mais bem preparado para reagir a fenómenos biológicos inesperados. A moderna saúde pública terá de prevenir e antecipar riscos potenciais e emergentes, preparando os cidadãos e os sistemas de saúde para uma resposta robusta e adequada a este tipo de eventos

A perspective on the OECD report "health at a Glance 2019"

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cuidados de saúde hospitalares

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Giving voice to the patient in vegetative state: biopolitical intersections of discourses on human life and female body

This article focuses on media representation of two cases of young women diagnosed with vegetative state for a prolonged period of time, the North-American Terri Schiavo and the Italian Eluana Englaro, and on how their bodies became signifiers of moral panic, embodying a threat to prevalent social norms through the possibility, which came to be concretised in both cases, of their being disconnected from the feeding tubes that maintained them alive. The bodies of these two patients, with “no evidence of awareness of self or environment and an inability to interact with others” (Multi-Society Task Force on PVS, 1994, p. 1500), and reduced to basic biological functions, such as breathing with preservation of sleep-wake cycles, became the site of conflicting discourses on life, namely on definitions of life, the kind of life that deserves to be kept alive, the role of political and social institutions in the preservation or elimination of such life, and, ultimately, on what it means to be human. Textual analysis of Portuguese online news on the Schiavo and Englaro cases will focus on the variety of biopolitical factions that articulate their own views on the legitimacy of life and the conditions of such legitimacy. These discourses, although not strictly gender-oriented, lend themselves to gendered readings, not least because these two cases involving young women were deemed as particularly newsworthy in the media, to the detriment of many other such cases that exist, involving individuals who are neither young nor women

A contribution on the analysis of technological, structural and behavior aspects in the implementation of integrated information systems

Orientador: Oswaldo Luiz AgostinhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia MecânicaResumo: Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos tecnológicos, estruturais e comportamentais ocasionados pela decisão da implementação e utilização de um sistema de manufatura integrado por sistemas de informação. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido uma sequência de etapas para a implementação de sistemas de informação integrados, capazes de apoiar os diversos processos de um ambiente de fábrica, o qual apresenta benefícios significativos para o sistema de gestão. O entendimento de como estruturar os sistemas de informação de forma integrada para dar apoio ao sistema de manufatura, é adquirido através da compreensão de cada campo de conhecimento em específico (estratégia, planejamento estratégico, sistemas de manufatura, sistemas de informação e empresa integrada) para num segundo passo agrupá-los em um contexto único, do qual todos fazem parte. A análise dos aspectos foi realizada através de múltiplos estudos de casos com aplicação da proposta em empresas de diferentes segmentos. Os resultados da análise nesse trabalho demonstrou que a implementação de sistemas de informação integrados para dar apoio ao sistema de manufatura, traz muitos benefícios e inovações que são capazes de contribuir para um estado de competitividade, flexibilidade, agilidade e baixo tempo de resposta. Entretanto, traz também inúmeras dificuldades, como a necessidade de novas práticas gerenciais, redesenho de processos, necessidade de treinamentos, necessidade de visão sistêmica pelos funcionários, maior disciplina e resistência às mudanças. Para todas essas dificuldades esse trabalho apresenta formas de mitigá-las ou contorná-lasAbstract: This work has the objective of analyzing the technological, structural and behavioral aspects generated by the decision of the implementation and use of an integrated manufacturing system supported by information systems. In this work, it was developed a sequence of steps for implementing integrated information systems capable of supporting the various processes of a factory environment, which presents significant benefits to the management system. Understanding how to structure information systems in an integrated manner to support the manufacturing system, is acquired through understanding of each field of knowledge in specific (strategy, strategic planning, manufacturing systems, information systems and integrated company) to a second step to group them in a unique context, which all belong. The analysis of the issues was conducted through multiple case studies with application of the proposal in companies from different segments. The results of the analysis in this study demonstrated that the implementation of integrated information systems to support the manufacturing system brings many benefits and innovations that are capable of contributing to a state of competitiveness, flexibility, agility and low response time. However, it also brings many difficulties, the need for new management practices, process redesign, training needs, need for systemic vision by employees, more discipline and resistance to change. For all these difficulties this work presents ways to mitigate them or work around themMestradoMestre em Engenharia Mecânic