Evaluación Funcional del Adulto Mayor: Consultorio Médico 262, Policlínico "Turcios Lima", Julio - Diciembre del 2006 / Functional assessment of the elderly: No-262 Doctor's Office, "Turcios Lima" Teaching Outpatient Clinic, July-December 2006

Se realizó una investigación de Desarrollo Tecnológico, descriptiva, transversal y prospectiva, con el objetivo de evaluar el estado funcional e integral de los adultos mayores pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico No. 262, Grupo Básico de trabajo No.5, Consejo Popular "Capitán San Luís", Policlínico Universitario "Turcios Lima", Municipio Pinar del Río en el período comprendido de julio-diciembre de 2006. El universo está constituido por los 110 ancianos de nuestro consultorio, correspondiéndose con la muestra. Para la recogida de la información se utilizó el análisis de la situación de salud del sector, las historias de salud familiar e individuales, también se aplicó un cuestionario siempre bajo la voluntariedad y aceptación de las personas a participar en nuestra investigación, basado en la Escala Geriátrica de Evaluación Funcional(EGEF), así como en el Índice de Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria (ABVD) de Katz y la Escala de Actividades Instrumentadas de la Vida Diaria de Lawton-Brody. Para su análisis estadístico se aplicó el Test de proporción de variables. Los resultados demostraron que el sexo femenino (63.64 %) y las edades de 60-64 años (22.73 %) fueron los que predominaron, constatándose un envejecimiento demográfico. El uso de medicamentos se detectó en el 70 % de los gerontes mientras la movilidad y el equilibrio estaban afectados en el 60.91 % y 56.36 %, respectivamente. La memoria fue el componente de la esfera psicológica más frecuentemente afectado (56.64 %). Las mujeres presentaron mayores dificultades que los hombres en la mayoría de las esferas, y existe en ellas también un predominio de las alteraciones del estado funcional e integral. Los ancianos independientes, activos y satisfechos con la vida que llevan, se presentaron de forma más relevante en el sexo masculino. Palabras clave: evaluación geriátrica, adulto mayor. ABSTRACT Technological Development, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective research was conducted in order to assess the functional and general conditions of the elderly belonging to No-262 Doctor's Office, No-5 Basic Group of work "Capitan San Luis" Popular Council and "Turcios Lima" Teaching Outpatient Clinic, Pinar del Rio municipality during July-December 2006. The universe was comprised of 110 elderly attending to the Doctor's Office corresponding with the sample. To record the information an analysis of the health situation in the sector was performed, reviewing medical and familial histories, a questionnaire was applied always under voluntary nature, and the agreement of the persons to participate in the research based on the Scale of the Functional Geriatric Assessment (SFGA); as well as in the Katz's Rate of Basic Activities on Daily Life (RBADL), and the Scale of Lawton-Brody to the Instrumental Daily Activities was arranged. To the statistical analysis the Test of proportional variables was used. Results showed that female sex (63.64%) and ages 60-64 years old (22.73%) prevailed, verifying a demographic aging. The use of medications was detected in the 70% of the aged, while mobility and balance were influenced in 60.91% and 56.36%, respectively. Memory was the most affected component in the psychological sphere (56.64%). Women presented more difficulties than men in the majority of the spheres; prevailing in women disorders of the functional and general condition. The independent, active elderly, and those satisfied with their life belonged mainly to male sex. Key words: geriatric assessment, the elderly

Evaluación Funcional del Adulto Mayor: Consultorio Médico 262, Policlínico "Turcios Lima", Julio - Diciembre del 2006 / Functional assessment of the elderly: No-262 Doctor's Office, "Turcios Lima" Teaching Outpatient Clinic, July-December 2006

Se realizó una investigación de Desarrollo Tecnológico, descriptiva, transversal y prospectiva, con el objetivo de evaluar el estado funcional e integral de los adultos mayores pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico No. 262, Grupo Básico de trabajo No.5, Consejo Popular "Capitán San Luís", Policlínico Universitario "Turcios Lima", Municipio Pinar del Río en el período comprendido de julio-diciembre de 2006. El universo está constituido por los 110 ancianos de nuestro consultorio, correspondiéndose con la muestra. Para la recogida de la información se utilizó el análisis de la situación de salud del sector, las historias de salud familiar e individuales, también se aplicó un cuestionario siempre bajo la voluntariedad y aceptación de las personas a participar en nuestra investigación, basado en la Escala Geriátrica de Evaluación Funcional(EGEF), así como en el Índice de Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria (ABVD) de Katz y la Escala de Actividades Instrumentadas de la Vida Diaria de Lawton-Brody. Para su análisis estadístico se aplicó el Test de proporción de variables. Los resultados demostraron que el sexo femenino (63.64 %) y las edades de 60-64 años (22.73 %) fueron los que predominaron, constatándose un envejecimiento demográfico. El uso de medicamentos se detectó en el 70 % de los gerontes mientras la movilidad y el equilibrio estaban afectados en el 60.91 % y 56.36 %, respectivamente. La memoria fue el componente de la esfera psicológica más frecuentemente afectado (56.64 %). Las mujeres presentaron mayores dificultades que los hombres en la mayoría de las esferas, y existe en ellas también un predominio de las alteraciones del estado funcional e integral. Los ancianos independientes, activos y satisfechos con la vida que llevan, se presentaron de forma más relevante en el sexo masculino. Palabras clave: evaluación geriátrica, adulto mayor. ABSTRACT Technological Development, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective research was conducted in order to assess the functional and general conditions of the elderly belonging to No-262 Doctor's Office, No-5 Basic Group of work "Capitan San Luis" Popular Council and "Turcios Lima" Teaching Outpatient Clinic, Pinar del Rio municipality during July-December 2006. The universe was comprised of 110 elderly attending to the Doctor's Office corresponding with the sample. To record the information an analysis of the health situation in the sector was performed, reviewing medical and familial histories, a questionnaire was applied always under voluntary nature, and the agreement of the persons to participate in the research based on the Scale of the Functional Geriatric Assessment (SFGA); as well as in the Katz's Rate of Basic Activities on Daily Life (RBADL), and the Scale of Lawton-Brody to the Instrumental Daily Activities was arranged. To the statistical analysis the Test of proportional variables was used. Results showed that female sex (63.64%) and ages 60-64 years old (22.73%) prevailed, verifying a demographic aging. The use of medications was detected in the 70% of the aged, while mobility and balance were influenced in 60.91% and 56.36%, respectively. Memory was the most affected component in the psychological sphere (56.64%). Women presented more difficulties than men in the majority of the spheres; prevailing in women disorders of the functional and general condition. The independent, active elderly, and those satisfied with their life belonged mainly to male sex. Key words: geriatric assessment, the elderly

Assessment of oceanographic services for the monitoring of highly anthropised coastal lagoons: The Mar Menor case study

Ocean monitoring systems are designed for continuous monitoring to track their evolution and anticipate environmental issues. However, they are often based on IoT systems that offer little spatial coverage and are hard to maintain. Satellite remote sensing offers good geographical coverage but they also face several challenges to become a monitoring system. This paper introduces an easy-to-use software tool to crawl water-quality data from up to 6 satellite instruments from the ESA and NASA. Particularly, Chl-a data is deeply analyzed in terms of reliability and data coverage for a highly anthropised coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, Spain), where serious socio-environmental issues are happening. Our results show a good linear correlation between in situ data and SRS data, reaching values close to 0.9, and stating the relevance of organic matter inputs from ephemeral streams in Chl-a concentrations. Moreover, temporal granularity is increased from 5 to 1.5 days by combining SRS sources.Preprin

Base-Controlled Heck, Suzuki, and Sonogashira Reactions Catalyzed by Ligand-Free Platinum or Palladium Single Atom and Sub-Nanometer Clusters

[EN] The assumption that oxidative addition is the key step during the cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides has led to the development of a plethora of increasingly complex metal catalysts, thereby obviating in many cases the exact influence of the base, which is a simple, inexpensive, and necessary reagent for this paramount transformation. Here, a combined experimental and computational study shows that the oxidative addition is not the single kinetically relevant step in different cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by sub-nanometer Pt or Pd species, since the reactivity control is shifted toward subtle changes in the base. The exposed metal atoms in the cluster cooperate to enable an extremely easy oxidative addition of the aryl halide, even chlorides, and allow the base to bifurcate the coupling. With sub-nanometer Pd species, amines drive to the Heck reaction, carbonate drives to the Sonogahira reaction, and phosphate drives to the Suzuki reaction, while for Pt clusters and single atoms, good conversion is only achieved using acetate as a base. This base-controlled orthogonal reactivity with ligand-free catalysts opens new avenues in the design of cross-coupling reactions in organic synthesis.This work was supported by the MINECO (Spain) (projects CTQ2017-86735-P and Excellence Unit "Severo Ochoa" SEV-2016-0683). E.F.V. and M.M. thank MINECO for their fellowship SVP-2013-068146 and a predoctoral contract. We thank Jose M. Coll-Marques for performing the micro fluorescence measure-ments. Red Espanola de Supercomputacion (RES) and Centre de Cacul de la Universitat de Valencia are gratefully acknowledged for computational resources.Fernández, E.; Rivero-Crespo, MÁ.; Domínguez, I.; Rubio-Marqués, P.; Oliver-Meseguer, J.; Liu, L.; Cabrero-Antonino, M.... (2019). Base-Controlled Heck, Suzuki, and Sonogashira Reactions Catalyzed by Ligand-Free Platinum or Palladium Single Atom and Sub-Nanometer Clusters. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 141(5):1928-1940. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b0788419281940141

Confined Pt11+ Water Clusters in a MOF Catalyze the Low‐Temperature Water–Gas Shift Reaction with both CO2 Oxygen Atoms Coming from Water

The synthesis and reactivity of single metal atoms in a low‐valence state bound to just water, rather than to organic ligands or surfaces, is a major experimental challenge. Herein, we show a gram‐scale wet synthesis of Pt11+ stabilized in a confined space by a crystallographically well‐defined first water sphere, and with a second coordination sphere linked to a metal–organic framework (MOF) through electrostatic and H‐bonding interactions. The role of the water cluster is not only isolating and stabilizing the Pt atoms, but also regulating the charge of the metal and the adsorption of reactants. This is shown for the low‐temperature water–gas shift reaction (WGSR: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2), where both metal coordinated and H‐bonded water molecules trigger a double water attack mechanism to CO and give CO2 with both oxygen atoms coming from water. The stabilized Pt1+ single sites allow performing the WGSR at temperatures as low as 50 °C.This work was supported by the MINECO (Spain) (Projects CTQ2016–75671–P, MAT2013 40823–R, MAT2016–81732–ERC, CTQ2017–86735–P, MAT2017–86992–R, MAT2017–82288–C2–1–P and Excellence Units “Severo Ochoa” and “Maria de Maeztu” SEV–2016–0683 and MDM–2015–0538) the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/004) and the Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (Italy) and the Junta de Andalucía (FQM–195). M. M. and M.–A. R. C. thanks the MINECO for a predoctoral contract. Thanks are also extended to the Ramón y Cajal Program (E. V. R.–F., E. P. and J.–C. H.–G.) and the “Subprograma atracció de talent–contractes postdoctorals de la Universitat de Valencia” (J. F.–S.). M. L.–H. acknowledges the financial support from the Juan de la Cierva Fellowships Program of MINECO (IJCI–2014–19367)

Boosting mitochondria activity by silencing MCJ overcomes cholestasis-induced liver injury

Background & Aims: Mitochondria are the major organelles for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been described as a key factor in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver disease. The methylation-controlled J-protein (MCJ) is a mitochondrial protein that interacts with and represses the function of complex I of the electron transport chain. The relevance of MCJ in the pathology of cholestasis has not yet been explored. Methods: We studied the relationship between MCJ and cholestasis-induced liver injury in liver biopsies from patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases, and in livers and primary hepatocytes obtained from WT and MCJ-KO mice. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was used as an animal model of cholestasis, and primary hepatocytes were treated with toxic doses of bile acids. We evaluated the effect of MCJ silencing for the treatment of cholestasis-induced liver injury. Results: Elevated levels of MCJ were detected in the liver tissue of patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease when compared with normal liver tissue. Likewise, in mouse models, the hepatic levels of MCJ were increased. After BDL, MCJ-KO animals showed significantly decreased inflammation and apoptosis. In an in vitro model of bile-acid induced toxicity, we observed that the loss of MCJ protected mouse primary hepatocytes from bile acid-induced mitochondrial ROS over-production and ATP depletion, enabling higher cell viability. Finally, the in vivo inhibition of the MCJ expression, following BDL, showed reduced liver injury and a mitigation of the main cholestatic characteristics. Conclusions: We demonstrated that MCJ is involved in the progression of cholestatic liver injury, and our results identified MCJ as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate the liver injury caused by cholestasis. Lay summary: In this study, we examine the effect of mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibition by MCJ on bile acid-induced liver toxicity. The loss of MCJ protects hepatocytes against apoptosis, mitochondrial ROS overproduction, and ATP depletion as a result of bile acid toxicity. Our results identify MCJ as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate liver injury in cholestatic liver diseases.Acknowledgements: We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation of CIC bioGUNE [SEV-2016-0644]

miR-873-5p targets mitochondrialGNMT-Complex II interface contributing tonon-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex pathology in which several dysfunctions, including alterations in metabolicpathways, mitochondrial functionality and unbalanced lipid import/export, lead to lipid accumulation and progression to inflammation andfibrosis.The enzyme glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), the most important enzyme implicated in S-adenosylmethionine catabolism in the liver, isdownregulated during NAFLD progression. We have studied the mechanism involved in GNMT downregulation by its repressor microRNA miR-873-5p and the metabolic pathways affected in NAFLD as well as the benefit of recovery GNMT expression.Methods:miR-873-5p and GNMT expression were evaluated in liver biopsies of NAFLD/NASH patients. Differentin vitroandin vivoNAFLD murinemodels were used to assess miR-873-5p/GNMT involvement in fatty liver progression through targeting of the miR-873-5p as NAFLD therapy.Results:We describe a new function of GNMT as an essential regulator of Complex II activity in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria.In NAFLD, GNMT expression is controlled by miR-873-5p in the hepatocytes, leading to disruptions in mitochondrial functionality in a preclinicalmurine non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model. Upregulation of miR-873-5p is shown in the liver of NAFLD/NASH patients, correlating withhepatic GNMT depletion. Importantly, NASH therapies based on anti-miR-873-5p resolve lipid accumulation, inflammation andfibrosis byenhancing fatty acidb-oxidation in the mitochondria. Therefore, miR-873-5p inhibitor emerges as a potential tool for NASH treatment.Conclusion:GNMT participates in the regulation of metabolic pathways and mitochondrial functionality through the regulation of Complex II activityin the electron transport chain. In NAFLD, GNMT is repressed by miR-873-5p and its targeting arises as a valuable therapeutic option for treatment

miR-873-5p targets mitochondrial GNMT-Complex II interface contributing to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatly liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex pathology in which several dysfunctions, including alterations in metabolic pathways, mitochondrial functionality and unbalanced lipid import/export, lead to lipid accumulation and progression to inflammation and fibrosis. The enzyme glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), the most important enzyme implicated in S-adenosylmethionine catabolism in the liver, is downregulated during NAFLD progression. We have studied the mechanism involved in GNMT downregulation by its repressor microRNA miR-873-5p and the metabolic pathways affected in NAFLD as well as the benefit of recovery GNMT expression. Methods: miR-873-5p and GNMT expression were evaluated in liver biopsies of NAFLD/NASH patients. Different in vitro and in vivo NAFLD murine models were used to assess miR-873-5p/GNMT involvement in fatty liver progression through targeting of the miR-873-5p as NAFLD therapy. Results: We describe a new function of GNMT as an essential regulator of Complex II activity in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. In NAFLD, GNMT expression is controlled by miR-873-5p in the hepatocytes, leading to disruptions in mitochondria! functionality in a preclinical murine non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) model. Upregulation of miR-873-5p is shown in the liver of NAFLD/NASH patients, correlating with hepatic GNMT depletion. Importantly, NASH therapies based on anti-miR-873-5p resolve lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis by enhancing fatty acid beta-oxidation in the mitochondria. Therefore, miR-873-5p inhibitor emerges as a potential tool for NASH treatment. Conclusion: GNMT participates in the regulation of metabolic pathways and mitochondria! functionality through the regulation of Complex II activity in the electron transport chain. In NAFLD, GNMT is repressed by miR-873-5p and its targeting arises as a valuable therapeutic option for treatment. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.This work was supported by grants from NIH (US Department of Health and Human services)-R01AT001576 (to S.C.L., J.M.M., and M.L.M.-C.), Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad: SAF2017-87301-R (to M.L.M.-C.), SAF2015-64352-R (to P.A.), Gobierno Vasco-Departamento de Salud 2013111114 (to M.L.M.-C.), Gobierno Vasco-Departamento de Educacion IT-336-10 (to PA), BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research: EiTB Maratoia BIO15/CA/016/BD (M.L.M.-C.), ELKARTEK 2016, Departamento de Industria del Gobierno Vasco (to M.L.M.-C), Asociacion Espanola contra el Cancer (to T.C.D., P.F.-T. and M.L.M.-C.), Mitotherapeutix (to M.L.M.-C.), Daniel Alagille award from EASL (to T.C.D), Fundacion Cientifica de la Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer (AECC Scientific Foundation) Rare Tumor Calls 2017 (to M.L.M.-C.), La Caixa Foundation Program (to M.L.M.-C.), Ayudas Fundacion BBVA a Equipos de Investigacion Cientifica 2019 (to M.L.M.-C.). Ciberehd_ISCIII_MINECO is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. We thank this work produced with the support of a 2017 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators, BBVA Foundation (to M.V.R.). This work was supported by Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (C12/BM/3975937, FL/997/7-1, Inter "HepmiRSTAT", to I.B. and F.L.). We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation (SEV2016-0644)

The mitochondrial negative regulator MCJ is a therapeutic target for acetaminophen-induced liver injury

Acetaminophen (APAP) is the active component of many medications used to treat pain and fever worldwide. Its overuse provokes liver injury and it is the second most common cause of liver failure. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to APAP-induced liver injury but the mechanism by which APAP causes hepatocyte toxicity is not completely understood. Therefore, we lack efficient therapeutic strategies to treat this pathology. Here we show that APAP interferes with the formation of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes via the mitochondrial negative regulator MCJ, and leads to decreased production of ATP and increased generation of ROS. In vivo treatment with an inhibitor of MCJ expression protects liver from acetaminophen-induced liver injury at a time when N-acetylcysteine, the standard therapy, has no efficacy. We also show elevated levels of MCJ in the liver of patients with acetaminophen overdose. We suggest that MCJ may represent a therapeutic target to prevent and rescue liver injury caused by acetaminophen