Mark and survival of Bertolt Brecht´s dramaturgy in the scenic poetics of Thomas Ostermeier

El presente trabajo aborda la huella y pervivencia de las opciones dramatúrgicas y sistematización brechtianas en la poética escénica del director de escena Thomas Ostermeier, al estudiar en especial el ámbito de la creación del personaje. Ostermeier, apoyado en Bertolt Brecht, desarrolla en el devenir de su creación escénica un método propio de dirección de actores y un proceso de composición del personaje donde confluyen, en un coherente diálogo, también las apuestas metodológicas de Stanislavsky o Sanford Meisner, entre otros. Esta evolución en el trabajo con la/el actor se torna el eje esencial de su puesta en escena, al arrastrarle con ello a una reconsideración de su poética escénica. Una evolución, en fin, incomprensible sin el conocimiento de su compromiso ético y estético con el arte escénico donde, de nuevo, se percibe la huella innegable del creador de Augsburgo.The present work deals with the mark and survival of Brecht’s dramaturgical options and systematization in the scenic poetics of stage director Thomas Ostermeier, especially in the field of the character’s creation. Ostermeier, crucially supported by Bertolt Brecht, developed his own method of directing actors and composing the character in the course of his stage creation, where the methodological approaches of Brecht, Stanislavsky and Sanford Meisner, among others, converged in a coherent dialogue. This evolution in the work with the actor becomes the essential pivot point of his staging, thus dragging him to a reconsideration of his stage poetics. In fact, this is an evolution incomprehensible without the knowledge of his ethical and aesthetic commitment to the performing arts. Where, once again, the undeniable mark of the Augsburg creator is perceived

Impact of different levels of handling on Solea senegalensis culture: effects on growth and molecular markers of stress

[EN] Aquaculture routine practices may cause stress induction on the fish and compromise their welfare affecting the production. This experiment aimed to evaluate the potential links between handling during culture with stress responses and growth on Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). We worked with two fish cohorts in terms of initial body weight and culture stage: Trial 1 included specimens in the fattening stage (226 ± 4.96 g) and Trial 2 animals in the pre-fattening stage (27.20 ± 0.44 g). The tested culture protocol, which lasted 6 and 4 months for Trial 1 and 2, respectively, mainly reduced handling-derived stressors in the experimental tanks via lowering routine samplings to a minimum. This decrease of the handling-derived stress was reflected in both trials with lower concentration of circulating cortisol in blood plasma from the experimental fish when compared to controls. Moreover, the proposed protocol promoted higher growth in the fish cultured in the less disturbing protocol in Trial 2. Higher specific growth rates and mean body weight and length were reported. In order to further explore the potential beneficial effects of our protocol, we studied the musculoskeletal from Trial 2 gene expression of key genes regulating glucocorticoid signaling pathway and apoptosis: glucocorticoid receptors 1 and 2 (gr1, gr2), heat shock protein 90 AA (hsp90aa), and caspase 6 (casp6). In line with the cortisol reduced level in this trial, gr1, hsp90aa, and casp6 genes showed lower expression in the samples coming from the experimental group. The findings of this study provide valuable information to the aquaculture industry for the management of Solea senegalensis stress and welfare.SIPublicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

Ecological effects of ionic liquids on microbial activity of a soil and on tree seed germination

The 19th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Ionic LiquidsIonic liquids (ILs) are considered one of the most promising green alternatives to molecular organic solvents. Nevertheless, before a widespread use of these compounds in a determined application, the knowledge of their ecotoxicity and biodegradability must be defined. In this work the effect of addition of different doses of 1-butil-2,3-dimethylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, [C4C1C1Im][OTf], on microbial activity of a soil under Pinus pinaster Aiton and on the seed germination of species of P. pinaster , Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus radiata D. Don and Eucalyptus globulus Labill were analyzed. Additionally, seed germination test were also applied to this IL after being subjected to heat treatment. A microcalorimeter Thermal Activity Monitor (TAM-III) TA-Instruments was used to determine the influence of the addition of four doses (10 %, 25 %, 50 % and 75 %) on the microbial activity of a Galician soil, under P. pinaster. Methodology was widely exposed in previous works [1]. From the data obtained in these experiments, the calculation of microbial growth was performed [2]. Seed germination test of selected species were carried out for several doses of ILs (10 %, 1 %, 0.1 % and 0.01 %). The degradation treatment of the IL was carried out during 24 h in an oven at the temperature of 200 °C. Five replies with 25 seeds per Petri dish were incubated in a Phytotron (Climas AGP890) for every species and treatments. Seeds were maintained for 16 h under light at 24 °C and in the dark for 8 h at 16 °C during 45 days, when the germination was completed in all the species [3, 4]. Results of soil microbial activity and germination obtained for this IL were compared with the corresponding to other ILs, previously studied in our laboratory. Dose of 10 % inhibited totally the germination of the four species and dose of 1 % provoked an important reduction with regard to the control, both, for degraded and no-degraded IL. Nevertheless, in spite of all the doses showed differences on calorimetric parameters with regard to control; only the dose of 75 % does not show soil microbial response

Proyecto escénico de reconstrucción historicista de la loa y el auto sacramental La vida es sueño de Calderón por los alumnos del Máster de Teatro y Artes Escénicas del Instituto del Teatro de Madrid

Escenificación del auto sacramental La vida es sueño, de Calderón, según parámetros de la época de modo que se reproduzca la sensación de contemplar una obra de teatro como la concibió el autor en 1673. Para ello, el Instituto del teatro de Madrid, ha colaborado con el medio teatral y cultural (Festival Internacional de Teatro Clásico de Almagro), investigador (Instituto del Teatro de Madrid) y docente (Máster en Teatro y Artes Escénicas de la UCM y Doctorado en Estudios Teatrales de la UCM)

Compuestos bioactivos, propiedades antioxidantes y antibacterianas de pulpa, piel y arilo de la fruta de Clusia quadrangula (Clusiaceae)

Background and Aims: The Clusiaceae family is known for its bioactive compounds with beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify and quantify the individual polyphenol compounds in the methanolic extract from peel, pulp and aril of the fruit of Clusia quadrangula by UPLC-MSMS, evaluate their antioxidant properties, 2) analyze the fatty acid profile, minerals composition and 3) determine the antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria of the methanolic extract.Methods: Physicochemical properties, antioxidants and bioactive compounds, fatty acid profile and mineral content were analyzed using a Microplate Spectrophotometer, Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole Mass Spectrometer, Gas Chromatography coupled with a Mass Spectrometer and Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy.Key results: Twenty phenolic compounds were identified and quantified plus the precursor shikimic acid (103.55 µg/g solids). Procyanidin B2 (41.56 µg/g solids), (−)-epicatechin (34.07 µg/g solids), and ellagic acid (27.58 µg/g solids) were found in greater quantity in the methanolic extract of the pulp. Palmitic and linoleic acid were the most abundant fatty acids in the pulp, peel, and aril, and linolenic acid was present in the pulp. The pulp also exhibited the highest amount of total polyphenolic compounds (24.33 mg GAE/g) and reducing power evaluated by FRAP (18.697 mg ET/g). Analysis of the minerals revealed that all fractions are rich in magnesium, potassium, sodium, and calcium. The results showed that the methanolic extract of the different parts of the fruit had antibacterial properties against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusions: These results indicate that different parts of the C. quadrangula fruit are a rich source of natural antioxidants and possess antibacterial properties. Therefore, it can be considered for use as ingredient or additive in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, or food industries.Antecedentes y Objetivos: La familia Clusiaceae es conocida por sus compuestos bioactivos con propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias beneficiosas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) identificar y cuantificar compuestos polifenólicos individuales en el extracto metanólico de cáscara, pulpa y arilo del fruto de Clusia quadrangula por UPLC-MSMS, evaluar sus propiedades antioxidantes, 2) analizar el perfil de ácidos grasos, la composición mineral y 3) determinar la actividad antibacteriana contra bacterias patógenas del extracto metanólico. Métodos: Las propiedades fisicoquímicas, antioxidantes y compuestos bioactivos, perfil de ácidos grasos y contenido de minerales fueron analizados utilizando un Espectrofotómetro de Microplaca, Cromatografía de Líquidos de Ultra Alta Resolución acoplado a un Espectrómetro de Masas triple cuadrupolo, Cromatografía de Gases acoplada a un Espectrómetro de Masas y Espectroscopia de Emisión Atómica de Plasma de Microondas.Resultados clave: Se identificaron y cuantificaron 20 compuestos fenólicos más el precursor ácido shikímico (103.55 µg/g sólidos). Procianidina B2 (41.56 µg/g sólidos), (−)-epicatequina (34.07 µg/g sólidos) y ácido elágico (27.58 µg/g sólidos) se encontraron en mayor cantidad en el extracto metanólico de la pulpa. Los ácidos palmítico y linoleico fueron los ácidos grasos más abundantes en la pulpa, cáscara y arilo, y el ácido linolénico estuvo presente en la pulpa. La pulpa también exhibió la mayor cantidad de compuestos polifenólicos totales (24.33 mg GAE/g) y poder reductor evaluado por FRAP (18.697 mg ET/g). El análisis de los minerales reveló que todas las fracciones son ricas en magnesio, potasio, sodio y calcio. Los resultados mostraron que el extracto metanólico de las diferentes partes del fruto tenían propiedades antibacterianas contra Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, y Enterococcus faecalis.Conclusión: Estos resultados indican que las diferentes partes del fruto de C. quadrangula son una rica fuente de antioxidantes naturales y poseen propiedades antibacterianas, por lo que se puede considerar para su uso como ingrediente o aditivo en la industria cosmética, farmacéutica o alimentaria

Estudio de la dinámica del cigüeñal de un motor diesel de 16 cilindros en V a 60º: Implicaciones en las causas de rotura.

Este artículo analiza las causas de la rotura del cigüeñal de un motor diesel de cuatro tiempos de 16 cilindros en V a 60°, de potencia nominal 1500 k W a 1500 rpm. El análisis se ha desarrollado en tres etapas. En la primera fase se han evaluado con un modelo de elementos finitos las solicitaciones de tipo estático en la muñequilla. La segunda etapa consistió en el desarrollo de un modelo dinámico del sistema cigüeñal -acoplamiento -alternador y en el análisis de las solicitaciones de tipo dinámico. Finalmente se llevó cabo un análisis metalográfico del material. El trabajo ha permitido identificar de forma inequívoca la fatiga como causa de la rotura.This paper analyzes the causes of the breakage of the crankshaft of a four stroke diese! engine with 16 cylinders in V (60°). The nominal power is 1500 kW at 1500 rpm. The analysis has been developed in three steps. A static study through a finite elements program was the first step. The second part consisted in the development of a dynamic model of the crankshaft within the alternator. And finally a metallographic analysis of the material. The work has allowed to identify the fatigue like cause of the breakage

Formulación y análisis fitoquímico de una bebida potencialmente funcional obtenida de la combinación de un extracto de hojas y pulpa de Annona muricata (Annonaceae)

Background and Aims: Annona muricata beverages are widely used in traditional medicine to treat different ailments; however, they have been little characterized phytochemically and are consumed as sugary beverages, and may contribute to non-communicable diseases, including obesity. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize a sensorially acceptable beverage from an extract of A. muricata leaves and pulp. Methods: A mixture design was used to formulate nine beverages by combining different ratios of the aqueous extract of A. muricata leaves and pulp. These beverages were subjected to physicochemical and sensory evaluation. Based on these results, one beverage was selected to be characterized by spectrophotometry and compared with an infused and commercial beverage. In addition, the selected beverage was further analyzed for its phytochemical composition by ultra-high-performance chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector. Key results: The selected beverage was formulated with 25% pulp, 50% leaf extract, and 25% water; it also displayed a 7.63 °Brix, pH 3.42, and 0.40% acidity. This beverage was up to three times higher in bioactive compounds than infused and commercial beverages. Fourteen phenolic compounds and two acetogenins were quantified, while two alkaloids (coclaurine and reticuline) and fifteen acetogenins were tentatively identified. Conclusions: The combination of A. muricata leaf extract and pulp is a vital alternative to obtain a sensorially acceptable beverage that contains bioactive compounds with a potential medicinal action since the phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and acetogenins present in the beverage could have efficient biological activities in the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases.Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las bebidas de Annona muricata se utilizan ampliamente en la medicina tradicional para tratar diferentes padecimientos; sin embargo, han sido poco caracterizadas fitoquímicamente y se consumen como bebidas azucaradas, y pueden contribuir a enfermedades no trasmisibles, entre ellas la obesidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener y caracterizar una bebida sensorialmente aceptable a partir de un extracto de hojas y pulpa de A. muricata. Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño de mezcla para formular nueve bebidas, combinando diferentes proporciones del extracto acuoso de hojas y pulpa de A. muricata. Estas bebidas se sometieron a una evaluación fisicoquímica y sensorial. A partir de estos resultados, se seleccionó una bebida para caracterizarla por espectrofotometría y compararla con una bebida infusionada y otra comercial. Además, se analizó la composición fitoquímica de la bebida seleccionada mediante cromatografía de ultra alta resolución acoplada a espectrometría de masas y cromatografía líquida de alta resolución acoplada a un detector de matriz de fotodiodos. Resultados clave: La bebida seleccionada se formuló con 25% de pulpa, 50% de extracto de hojas y 25% de agua; además, presentó un valor de 7.63 °Brix, un pH 3.42 y una acidez de 0.40%. Esta bebida fue hasta tres veces superior en compuestos bioactivos respecto a las bebidas infusionada y comercial. Se cuantificaron catorce compuestos fenólicos y dos acetogeninas, mientras que se identificaron provisionalmente dos alcaloides (coclaurina y reticulina) y quince acetogeninas. Conclusiones: La combinación de extracto de hojas y pulpa de A. muricata es una alternativa vital para obtener una bebida sensorialmente aceptable que contiene compuestos bioactivos con potencial acción medicinal, ya que los compuestos fenólicos, alcaloides y acetogeninas presentes en la bebida podrían tener actividades biológicas eficientes en la prevención de enfermedades crónicas degenerativas

Thermophysical Characterization of TFSI Based Ionic Liquid and Lithium Salt Mixtures

Este artigo pertence ás actas do The 23rd International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry.[Abstract] The ionic liquids (ILs) doped with metal salts have become a real alternative as electrolytes for batteries, but the right choice of these compounds for reaching the adequate properties and performance is still a challenge, and strategies are therefore needed for achieving it. The thermophysical properties of IL 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([bmpyr] [TFSI]) and its mixture with bis-(trifluoromethane)-sulfonimide lithium salt (from 0.1 m to saturation level) were determined in this work. These properties are density (ρ), speed of sound (U), and corresponding derived magnitudes, such as the bulk modulus and the thermal coefficient, as well as electrical conductivity (σ) against temperature. Density shows a linear decreasing dependence with temperature and a clear increase with the addition of salt, whereas the thermal expansion coefficient increases with temperature and salt addition. Speed of sound decreases with both temperature and salt concentration, and the adiabatic compressibility calculated by means of the well-known Laplace equation increases, as expected, with temperature in all the studied cases, although a small variation with concentration was observed. Electrical conductivity increases with temperature following the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) equation and decreases with the addition of salt.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) Program through the projects MAT2014-57943-C3-1-P, MAT2014-57943-C3-3-P, MAT2017-89239-C2-1-P as well as by Xunta de Galicia through the GRC (Grupo de Referencia Competitiva) ED431C 2016/001 project, and the Galician Network of Ionic Liquids (ReGaLIs) ED431D 2017/06. P. Vallet and J. J. Parajó are thankful for funding support from the FPI (Formación de Personal Investigador) Program from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Education and Universities and I2C postdoctoral Program of Xunta de Galicia, respectively.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2016/001Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/0

Using clustering techniques for intelligent camera-based user interfaces

The area of Human-Machine Interface is growing fast due to its high importance in all technological systems. The basic idea behind designing human-machine interfaces is to enrich the communication with the technology in a natural and easy way. Gesture interfaces are a good example of transparent interfaces. Such interfaces must identify properly the action the user wants to perform, so the proper gesture recognition is of the highest importance. However, most of the systems based on gesture recognition use complex methods requiring high-resource devices. In this work, we propose to model gestures capturing their temporal properties, which significantly reduce storage requirements, and use clustering techniques, namely self-organizing maps and unsupervised genetic algorithm, for their classification. We further propose to train a certain number of algorithms with different parameters and combine their decision using majority voting in order to decrease the false positive rate. The main advantage of the approach is its simplicity, which enables the implementation using devices with limited resources, and therefore low cost. The testing results demonstrate its high potential

Bio-inspired enhancement of reputation systems for intelligent environments

Providing security to the emerging field of ambient intelligence will be difficult if we rely only on existing techniques, given their dynamic and heterogeneous nature. Moreover, security demands of these systems are expected to grow, as many applications will require accurate context modeling. In this work we propose an enhancement to the reputation systems traditionally deployed for securing these systems. Different anomaly detectors are combined using the immunological paradigm to optimize reputation system performance in response to evolving security requirements. As an example, the experiments show how a combination of detectors based on unsupervised techniques (self-organizing maps and genetic algorithms) can help to significantly reduce the global response time of the reputation system. The proposed solution offers many benefits: scalability, fast response to adversarial activities, ability to detect unknown attacks, high adaptability, and high ability in detecting and confining attacks. For these reasons, we believe that our solution is capable of coping with the dynamism of ambient intelligence systems and the growing requirements of security demands