Evaluation of T helper17 as skeletal homeostasis factor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T helper cells of end-stage renal disease cases with impaired parathyroid hormone

Background Chronic renal failure is mainly connected with high and low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and immunological impairments. The present study aimed to evaluate T helper 17 (Th17) cells as a crucial modulator of the immune system and skeletal homeostasis in hemodialysis patients with impaired intact PTH (iPTH).Methods In this research, blood samples were taken from ESRD patients with high (> 300 pg/mL), normal (150-300 pg/mL), and low (< 150 pg/mL) serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH( levels (n = 30 in each group). The frequency of Th17 (CD4(+) IL17(+)) cells was evaluated by flow cytometry in each group. The expression levels of Th17 cell-related master transcription factors, cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and Th cells, and the level of the mentioned cytokines were determined in the supernatant of PBMCs.Results The number of Th17 cells remarkably increased in subjects with high iPTH against low and normal iPTH. Also, ROR?t and STAT3 levels were significantly higher in high iPTH ESRD patients than in other groups in the expression of mRNA and protein levels. These findings are confirmed by evaluating the IL-17 and IL-23 in the supernatant of cultured PBMCs and isolated Th cells.Conclusion Our findings indicated that increased serum PTH levels in hemodialysis cases may be involved in increasing the differentiation of CD4 + cells to Th17 cells in PBMC